THE EVOLUATION IMPACT OF THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIROMNENT IN EXPASION OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATION AT BUTRINT-SARANDA REGION,ALBANIA

The rise, creation and decline of the ancient civilization depended on paleo-geographic development changing at the geological environmental. Preliminary research suggests that in the Holocene the Lake of Butrint was a sea inlet that stretched 20 km to north of Butrint, as far as the city of Foenike, later Epirot capital. Today the Butrint Lake is just 7.5 km long, being the result of gradual silting up this inlet with soils brought down by Bistrica River in the north side and Pavllo River in the South from surrounding mountain ranges. The geology of Quaternary formation, from late to date, connected with neotectonic phenomena in that area, developed intensively during Plio-Quaternary, the Lake as a tectonic origin, delineation of the horizontal and vertical extend of the gravel deposits and the estimation of water bearing reservoir are some goals of this study. The Butrint’s changing environment illustrated by certain prehistoric period from early Quaternary to Holocene, which related to prehistoric period and going on from 4th – 2nd centuries BC up to our days. Geomorphologic studies show the evidence to the advancement of the coastline is still occurring and the shoreline is still on the move.