COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Coastal environmental sustainability requires the establishment of a good program management. It is therefore necessary to study the evolution of the coastline, and to reach an understanding of the processes and the factors responsible. Within the latter, pollution is included, which effects are very important on many different ecosystems.

Gulf of Oran occupies the central part of oranais coastline.The Gulf of Arzew is located between the Carbon Cap to the West and the Pointe de Salamandre East.

Oranais coastline is also a very strong industrial concentration eastward (Arzew). The large industrial area of Arzew is continuing polluting. We also note the use of the coastal waters for power plant cooling heat in addition to the discharge of many pollutants into the sea. The existence of the concentration of important bunch of industrial ships (tankers, LNG...), in addition to various petrochemical activities (storage, and processing) multiplied Arzew refinery. Industrial wastes are stored in the best cases within the industrial units, and no control on the management of hazardous waste is carried out by industries. Generally, these industries shall carry out the evacuation of their waste without any processing. Chemical releases, discharges of hydrocarbons of petrochemical origin (industrial zone of Arzew), and dissolved mineral and metal waste, are thrown more heavily in effluents from various industries. Pollution caused by the latter is considerable.

Good management of the environment requires the implementation of an approach of sustainable development of the coastal zone and overall evaluation and identification of solutions to problems by giving priority to the protection and development of the coastal environment.

Deterioration of the situation is leading toward a real ecological disaster with disastrous socio-economic consequences, particularly by its implications on safety of the citizen, health and the environment.Furthermore, this situation is to a large part due to the absence of a system of effective environmental assessment, allowing stakeholders to make informed decisions, adapted to the context, coherent and sustainable, particularly in the preparation of projects, plans, of programs and even policies.