GEOLOGICAL STUDY OF SPONGY TOPOGRAPHY IN VOLCANIC CRATER FILLING BY FOSSILIZED BIODIVERSITY AT ZALZALI, IN MANPAT PLATEAU, SITAPUR, SURGUJA CG, INDIA

This paper deals with a bio-geographical exploration. “Zalzali” is the place at geographical longitude 83⁰48” E and latitude 22⁰48” N. on the “Manpat” plateau in Sitapur revenue, Surguja district of CG, India . “Zalzali” is the local name the geo-vibrating place of 0.786 km diameter where the earth is so soft that it vibrates with walking feet. “Zalzali’ local means water stagnant, but one may think of small “Zalzala” that means calamity like dam breaking, tsunami, earthquake or volcano. Since the soft soil of Zalzali is on a crater of volcano erupted about 10 million year before. After cooling, filled with rain water, and delicate hydrophytes and water animals, there fossils layered with sandy soil brought by wind and leaching of nearby land, these natural processes continued up to now in a cycle, resulting in soil so soft that scientists may enjoy a swinging walk, i.e. earth surface oscillates with walking feet.

There are sedimentary rocks of very less thickness in between mental flow of trap, called ”intra-trophy-bed”. It is dark colored silicate cherty bed made up of volcanic crater, in between two mental flows, in the form of lake or small river.

Biodiversity of Zazali has been studied applying Herbarium technology, taxonomy, ecology, and geobiology, along with microbiology and soil science .