TOUCHING THE EARTH: MUSEUM EXHIBITS FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED

Blind and visually impaired individuals typically are unable to enjoy a museum experience because most displays cannot be touched for fear of damage or because they are two-dimensional and offer no tactile sensation. Geology offers exceptions. Specimens of rocks, minerals and fossils have 3-dimensional features that can be sensed by touch, and many are sturdy enough to withstand touching. In addition to actual specimens, replicas are readily available for some fragile items or those that are too scientifically valuable to be on open display. Even geological features, such as volcanoes and canyons, can be experienced through 3-D plastic relief maps.

Making use of these special attributes, an exhibit, Touching the Earth, was created at the Weis Earth Science Museum at the University of Wisconsin-Fox Valley in Menasha in collaboration with the Wisconsin Council for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Madison. The exhibit comprises twelve free-standing, open pedestal displays, each with a particular “theme” (e.g., rocks, minerals). Minerals with a variety of crystal shapes, specimens of all three rock types, and hardy fossil specimens were used. Additionally, replicas of dinosaur teeth and claws, mammoth and mastodon teeth, and complete trilobites, as well as 3-D maps of prominent geological features were employed. All signage was made available in both Braille and large print, and magnifying devices were also provided. Writing text for the exhibit required careful use of words to avoid vision-related terms, such as “look” and “see.” Also, specimens had to be affixed to the pedestal top in a way that would allow numerous visitors to touch them without dislodging them.

The tactile and interpretive features of this exhibit provide an innovative educational opportunity for this underserved audience, likely their first meaningful museum experience. Without a doubt, it has enriched the lives of these visitors by expanding their “view” of the world, past and present. Sighted people have also benefited by being able to wear a blindfold and learn to appreciate visual challenges as they visit the exhibit. Exhibits like this should have a significant impact on raising awareness about vision loss and the importance of providing access to culture, science and art for people with visual and other disabilities.