LATE PLEISTOCENE EROSION AND RETREAT OF A COLORADO PLATEAU CUESTA: INSIGHTS USING 36CL
Below the Coal Cliffs of central Utah, colluvial diamicts have been topographically inverted by post-depositional erosion. Remnants of the diamicts are preserved on surfaces 10-50 meters above the modern zone of colluvium deposition. Extrapolation of these surfaces suggests a continuous, colluvial apron formed below the cliffs and was later incised by ephemeral streams. Also present below the Coal Cliffs are smaller bedrock escarpments striking perpendicular to the main cliffband. These features appear to be local migrating drainage divides transiently adjusting the landscape to a new baselevel. Field observations suggest they are a mechanism by which high relief is originally created and subsequently maintained along many Colorado Plateau landforms.
We present a 36Cl surface exposure chronology with 32 ages from boulders on the abandoned colluvial apron. Measured ages consistently constrain apron deposition to the late Pleistocene (30–20 ka) and abandonment prior to the Holocene. Erosion rates average 0.5–2.5 mm/yr since boulder deposition, on par with rates measured elsewhere on the Colorado Plateau. Results suggest that cliff morphology is strongly controlled by baselevels of local streams. Increased discharge in response to changing hydraulic conditions up-catchment likely accelerated erosion below the Coal Cliffs at the end of the last glacial, implying possible connections between escarpment evolution and regional climate variability.