NEW EVIDENCES ABOUT SEDIMENTATION, STRATIGRAPHY, AND TECTONICS DURING VOLCANO-SEDIMENTARY TRIASSIC JURASSIC SEQUENCE IN CALDAS AND SANTANDER, COLOMBIA: FAR FROM RHETORIC, CLOSER TO REALITY

Discovering in January 2015 along the road Sogamoso River to Zapatoca town three banded chert by alterations and/or diagenetic phenomena occurred. These layers are 0.12 m. to 0.20 m tall, fine dark and clear banding similar aspect to varves but clearly with concoidal fracture. This phenomenon could be normal in huge areas of sedimentary transitional basins. Some American Scientists have reported presence of chert in nearly basins of the Newark Supergroup but not necessarily banded.

In addition, the presence of small red conglomeratic formation on the Central Cordillera of Colombia close the subduction zone has announced the tangible continental border. It has outcrops exactly to the E of Romeral Fault in Caldas with similar appearance to basal part of the Giron Formation on the Eastern Cordillera. Actually, it is necessary to investigate its age as a future research.

As a final point, it is possible to continue comparing RedLands Fault (US) to Romeral Fault (Colombia and Ecuador). In both places the ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks nails up by faulting to contact the volcano-sedimentary sequence of Triassic-Jurassic

It is very important to find more sedimentological, stratigraphic, and tectonics evidences in order to compare and contrast more the volcano-sedimentary sequence of the Triassic- Jurassic in both North America (Eastern border) and South America (Western border) for hypothesis purposes about all continents were joined at the North Pole; nevertheless a strong tectonic movement of rotation had caused their collapse to the SW and their subsequent separation after Triassic- Jurassic. North America and all continents were separated from the North Pole while South America and Africa remained joined and moved down. Later, a horizontal Cretaceous marine sedimentation came showing unconformity. Some erosion’s witnesses from this marine rocks are in Tolima, Santander, Cesar, and La Guajira-Colombia but not over Newark Supergroup in NJ, NY or CT.