Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So, then, we get started and i'll give you Rachel Williams stuck about GEO morphology of rutgers marine field station and ready to go.
Rachel Williams: um hi everyone, as he said, my name is Rachel Williams and i'm a student at records university this year i've had the privilege to assist on analyzing coastal GEO morphology at rutgers University in greenfield station with remote sensing technology.
Rachel Williams: or research involves unmanned aerial vehicles are you add that collect high resolution images from these images photo parametric software creates 3D models of beach topography.
Rachel Williams: At the Marina field station characterized by high more for dynamic activity be just require frequent measurements to quantify topographical change, for this reason images are collected monthly with additional environmental surveys completed before and or after significant storm events.
Rachel Williams: We already know that most coastal weathering occurs during the summer and during significant storm events, but our study involves more precise monitoring of original events throughout the year.
Rachel Williams: And in terms of goals, the primary objective of this project is to identify and assess the agents of change and coastal Gian morphology by analyzing patterns of segmentation and erosion at the survey site.
Rachel Williams: In a broader and broader sense, we seek to improve scientific understanding about this topic its importance is growing as climate change, becomes an increasing threat to coastal regions, causing sea level rise in shoreline.
Rachel Williams: Now, looking at location figure one the map on the Left shows were in New Jersey, the site is located, while the image on the right shows you some of the surrounding geography.
Rachel Williams: Historical images of the field station or evidence of a highly dynamic region well suited for this study the beach topography is significantly changing over the course of a few years, as you can see, the images and there's obvious shoreline erosion occurring.
Rachel Williams: The short term variation we've seen is also promising.
Rachel Williams: Pictures A and B show post storm flooding, you can see much as Atlanta submerged when compared to the typical landscape shown and picture say.
Rachel Williams: Moving on to methods surveys are completed at low tide for scheduling monthly surveys, we use data provided by the national oceanic and atmospheric administration figure four shows the tide chart provided by them.
Rachel Williams: figure five displays a map of the survey area boundaries are indicated by the white line and the yellow pins represent brown control points for gc pete's.
Rachel Williams: brown control plan spark specific GPS coordinates which structure from motion algorithms used to create more accurate models and figure seven the flight log keeps a record of drum yes and indicates indicates if a survey was monthly or storm related.
Rachel Williams: After the images are collected we begin photo parametric computer work and just often into shape.
Rachel Williams: photos are uploaded a single cameras within a life align photos with guided image matching and adopted camera model fitting, the result of this alignment is shown in figure eight and the model begins to take form.
Rachel Williams: Next we incorporate ground control points by choosing to import reference a csv file containing their latitude and longitude is uploaded.
Rachel Williams: Do you cpus are referred to as markers and address off, would you can see, and figure nine we look through each image for ground control points and place corresponding markers at the Center once this is done reset the current alignment.
Rachel Williams: We then build the dense cloud, followed by building the match, you can see the result of each action and figures 10 and 11.
Rachel Williams: The final step is to build the texture this will give you the completed model, unfortunately, we had some brief technological issues and I don't have a picture of a completed model ready for you here.
Rachel Williams: However, looking on to future work upon the completion of more models cloud compare software will be utilized to construct a time series from point clouds.
Rachel Williams: The example here explains what that might look like a can cavity is initially President in a small dirt landscape and has been patched over.
Rachel Williams: The dirt patch images or lunch or analysis and the results are shown in images D and E a color scale is used to represent the distances between corresponding points from each model.
Rachel Williams: The color of any given location indicates how far that point is, from where it should be aligned, on the other point cloud.
Rachel Williams: Blue marks little to no variation between points and right identifies high degrees of variation this process is a key step in analyzing changes and typography that occurs between service, we look forward to the future of this project and seeing these results, thank you.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: time I give you a few extra minutes actually in the beginning, which probably not the ideal in case somebody joined us a little later, but if you don't mind going just back to the beginning sure.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Because we'll have almost what eight nine minutes before the next presentation so again if somebody joined us.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: When you're talking about the location and so on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: If anybody has questions let's look at.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can see why was asking if you collect elevation data on the control points.
Rachel Williams: i'm not really we have we can use Google Google earth as a sort of vague idea, but everything is at sea level, so we use that um it's pretty common ground.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: zoom in in like another location and that sort of second panel.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Somewhere in there, maybe if anybody has questions of voice them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And the subtitle ranges what in this part of.
Like.
Rachel Williams: i'm not exactly sure what the averages are, it also depends on you know what measuring what marker you're using, but if you see here in the.
Rachel Williams: In the Thai chart that's.
Rachel Williams: For a full month and so that's pretty typical.
Rachel Williams: variation.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Good So you can see, Bob was asking do you import your DSM into the GIs.
Rachel Williams: We haven't so far we've talked about using and our GIs but.
Rachel Williams: So far, we're sticking to I just saw that a shape and using the cloud compare software.
Rachel Williams: That might be or likely will be a final step in the project.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: we'll hold off til 1030 so if anybody has comments questions so.
Bob Newton: i'll just.
Bob Newton: Go ahead and turn my microphone on rather than try to use the chat here, it might be easier.
Bob Newton: But so i've done a lot of the.
Bob Newton: Coastal work and.
Bob Newton: You know, we are trying, we are doing the same kind of thing, and so you might really I would really recommend that you.
Bob Newton: know you have to control points get the elevations for your control points, and if you do that, you can probably get elevations to within.
Bob Newton: us using starship promotion, you can get the elevations to within about two centimeters which is really incredible we used to do TRAN sex with total station.
Bob Newton: And and and you can do almost can do quite as well, but you can do you're doing the whole entire beach, and then, if you import it into your digital seen model into your GIs and you have a storm, you can you'll have two surfaces, that you can then.
Bob Newton: Put into the same GIs The pre storm and the post storm and you can actually subtract those two surfaces.
Bob Newton: and integrate the the difference and you get a volume, you can get volumes of sediment either accumulating your erosion.
Bob Newton: So this is a great technology that you're using and it's has tremendous gives you tremendous opportunities to do really, really, really good stuff and if you're doing it in the frequency you're talking about here, this is just awesome.
Bob Newton: So.
Bob Newton: I encourage you to move forward, because it's a bit you'll get some really great results.
Bob Newton: And the drone stuff.
Bob Newton: Their drone and stuff is just totally amazing.
Bob Newton: You know that you're able to get really accurate elevations for every pixel in your photo.
Bob Newton: You know, we we map logs on the beach and how they move.
Bob Newton: You can do it's just it's just.
Bob Newton: it's really, really amazing so.
Bob Newton: Good luck great study.
Bob Newton: have fun.
Rachel Williams: Thank you very much, I appreciate the advice and we'll definitely look more into that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Thank you for the input, but that's the idea to get some some input appreciate it yeah and ecologists eventually will start using drones I mean down to sea turtle ness on not in Jersey about South.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You know, with image like large crab borrows and Obama, so you can get down, really, really close so then you're really looking at short term changes pretty.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Pretty incredible so yeah good luck with that one, it will still have about five minutes again if anybody join us all late, if you want it to look at any other.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Part of this poster Rachel has the rain so she can zoom in.
Bob Newton: So Rachel how many surveys have you done so far.
Rachel Williams: um we've done at least once a month we've done October.
Rachel Williams: October November, December January and February.
Rachel Williams: And I believe we have one or two additional surveys for.
Rachel Williams: post or pre storm data collection.
Bob Newton: yeah So if you can incorporate you know I assume you're using different.
Bob Newton: you're just throwing out your your control point stuff wherever you do for each survey.
Bob Newton: It would, and how are you determining the position of the control points are using GPS for that.
Rachel Williams: Yes, Sir, I initially planned it out in Google earth and then we use the GPS, to mark the correct coordinates and consistently have that each time.
Bob Newton: And, and what is what type of GPS what accuracy GPS or use it.
Rachel Williams: um I actually don't have that right josh.
Bob Newton: that's okay that's fine.
Bob Newton: So here's another recommendation.
Bob Newton: And that is that you know you you'll you'll want to take full advantage of the the drone in the in the structure promotion stuff you'll you'll want to get really good positions and so that.
Bob Newton: best to use something like our tk which is real time kinetic GPS and that's kind of a pain in that you need to have a you have to connect to a.
Bob Newton: A base station somewhere.
Bob Newton: But.
Bob Newton: it's worth it, if you can do it, and if you have access to that equipment which is another issue, but if you don't you know if you have access to a total station.
Bob Newton: That would work and you don't even need to tie to a full benchmark, you can create your own coordinate system out there, put some put your own benchmarks out there and just use them as a local coordinate system.
Bob Newton: But to take full advantage of this you're really going to want to get that elevation data, because without that without that the structure emotion that you know it'll look good, but it won't you won't be able to compare from survey to survey.
Bob Newton: Okay, you don't have that really accurate elevations associated with the with a control points.
Rachel Williams: awesome sorry.
Rachel Williams: Real quick I don't know if you saw in the chat Melissa white is also working on projects with me said we haven't used the real time kinetic at field station, but we do plan to.
Bob Newton: yeah yeah and you know the cost of all that equipment is coming down rapidly, there are a lot of good opportunities and states are now putting together their own.
Bob Newton: Reference stations course stations and so you just you know have your little hotspot that connects to the.
Bob Newton: Next to the station off you go so great study.
Rachel Williams: Thank you.
get up.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Thanks a lot for in football so.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So we're going to get ready for the next presentation raw new time right it's 1029 Eastern time so we'll get ready for a Jennifer helix presentation characterizing some of the islands and sasquatch in a river.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And I want to make sure I start on time so nobody misses the beginning go.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: hey my name is Jennifer you like and i'm from the earth and environmental sciences department at Cisco handling adversity.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And to talk to you today about islands and island formation in the Cisco Hannah river the floodplain of the Cisco Hana river has been mapped as predominantly composed of stratified drift and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: On one looks at the islands that form within the susquehanna they don't really appear to be made of actually stratified drift deposits.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: settlement has been worked and their different processes actually acting to form the islands and so today what i'd like to do is just to introduce you to the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: ways in which I distinguish some of these islands and i've used all sorts of different maps aerial photographs and imagery as well as ground for you actually going out and visiting the islands to develop.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: This designation or categorization The first type of island is a.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And there are six of these island types, the first type is anthropogenic lean some silence that forms typically associated with man made structures, like dan's bridges.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: or they can be affiliated with corey operations arrival pits basically where you have an obstacle or button and seven produced by people.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: This may allow for an island form and if vegetation colonizes that island like you see here.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Then that bar may actually grow into what's called a new field bar island which can be more substantial so that's The first type of island The second type is a rocky island.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: there's a an abundance of exposed bedrock and the substrate of the susquehanna this resistant bedrock protrudes and can produce an obstacle for water to have to flow around and so oftentimes vegetation sediment.
Christine Hatch: If you're muted we can't hear the poster.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: These delta or above them these insights delta's may actually grow into alluvial bar islands point bars found on the inside of meander may actually be cut.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: By by channel incision and even though they are literally just a point bar deposit they be they may become colonized by vegetation and stabilized and ultimately that may become an aloof you'll bar island.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Speaking of olivia bar islands here's an example of an alluvial bar island a very.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: specific shape and appearance, the front or head of the luteal bar is typically.
Jennifer Elick: I could probably take you through this.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Well jenna.
Jennifer Elick: Alright, so basically this this project started as.
Jennifer Elick: A way of looking at some of the different kinds of violence that occur in the susquehanna and.
Jennifer Elick: You know they've all been mapped this the same thing, and I really as sentimentality just which by the way, i'm out of my lane right now i'm not a geomorphologist but i'm starting a project.
Jennifer Elick: On the sentiment illogical history of some of the islands, and so I thought I would try to kind of.
Jennifer Elick: develop a way of categorizing the islands, because they're not all the same, they didn't form from the same processes and.
Jennifer Elick: Probably the most provocative process that I think stands out and I apologize for my video i'm not sure this is my first zoom conference, but basically if you look at this image, right here.
Jennifer Elick: Probably the most provocative island type that i'm talking about is the insides terrorists so i've a student right now who's working between Barton and Windsor New York and.
Jennifer Elick: Most of the islands in the susquehanna are considered alluvial bar or braid islands and.
Jennifer Elick: What we started to notice, when we were looking at aerial photographs between this hundred kilometer stretch was basically when you look at old images following major storms.
Jennifer Elick: There are little streamlined channels that cut through the terraces and these incised areas, potentially, we believe.
Jennifer Elick: grow together and become deeper storm after storm after storm over a lot of time and this produces cut offs that basically in size, the terrorists and produce an island and that's different from the actual alluvial bar island model that you see predominantly in the River so.
Jennifer Elick: There are all sorts of islands they're not all the same, and this project was meant to really kind of.
Jennifer Elick: investigate what the different types are.
Jennifer Elick: And if you look down here at this little cartoon I don't know if I can actually blow it up, or if you can blow it up, but.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: i'm trying.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: it's a the mouse go ahead.
Jennifer Elick: Okay um, this is the the model that my student has been working with.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sorry about that.
Jennifer Elick: that's all right.
Jennifer Elick: But basically, this is the the model of incision where small streamlined or crushing begins to form.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sorry about that.
Jennifer Elick: that's already.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: working for me at all.
Jennifer Elick: Anyhow um.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Somebody has ideas.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You wanted right here, right.
Jennifer Elick: I want to right here, but that's all right so.
Jennifer Elick: The stream system meanders around the bend and during high flood flow it clearly overcomes the terrorists.
Jennifer Elick: This is a terrorists and it begins to become insights and eat successes storm whether it's a tropical depression or nor'easter with melting storm like we have right now, and the susquehanna.
Jennifer Elick: The the the water will start to chisel into the terrorists and we think that that produces interment streams that ultimately become.
Jennifer Elick: full blown streams and then ultimately this detaches that part of the terrorists from the terrorists.
Jennifer Elick: to become an island, and then a little bit later incision can actually even sub divide that into smaller islands and we've been noticing that along the susquehanna, and this would have been a poster in and of itself, but my student was a little.
Jennifer Elick: timid about presenting.
Jennifer Elick: But anyhow, so there are multiple islands olivia bar islands are the most abundant there anthropogenic islands rocky islands incised delta's that can become alluvial bar islands, as well as point bar islands that.
Jennifer Elick: are small, but can ultimately become larger as they grow over time.
Jennifer Elick: i'll leave it at that, and if you have any questions i'd be happy to answer any comments any insight.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Thanks thanks Jennifer, and again I apologize if I give anybody vertigo Australia to enlarge your video window, where you actually zoom in different parts of the poster but my mouse is not cooperating at all so.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I think, Jim Jim his he talks about a PhD study by the wind brown a Johns Hopkins So if you look at the chat.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Maybe there is some information there, and you can exchange information was Jim.
Jennifer Elick: I I will look into it, I i've been looking all over is in different references to find any information on the islands and just I haven't been able to find anything.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Well, we go So there we go i'm zoom in, and I think.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: that's as far as I can get it.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: With a mouse, if you want to look at the model, a little closer right.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: yeah.
Jennifer Elick: Okay, are there any other questions.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: yeah let's see a boy, if you want to go ahead, just go ahead and ask me these yeah.
Bob Newton: yeah so I was just curious as to if you've looked at the gradient of the river in this area versus the bank full discharge and compared it to that classic diagram that separates bn drink streams from braided streams.
Bob Newton: You know, are you close to the braided boundary.
Bob Newton: I find this very interesting and it's a great study.
Bob Newton: And i've looked at some of the the islands in the Connecticut river and thought about this very same kind of thing but i'm just wondering if you'd looked at gradient versus thankful discharge and put it on that classic diagram.
Bob Newton: And I don't remember who did the diagram might have been Murray Mars morrow salad but.
Bob Newton: That that compares discharge and gradient to braided channels versus meandering channels.
Jennifer Elick: I haven't done that i'm Bob but i'm looking for any input basically the sasquatch Hannah along its entire course changes dramatically from strongly meandering to less meandering.
Jennifer Elick: along the course of glacial deposits to not really substantially glaciated, and so I think that's what's potentially, from my perspective, leading into a heterogeneity in the island type that that we see.
Bob Newton: yeah well, I think.
Jennifer Elick: That the gradient clearly in upstate New York or not upstate but in New York, as much higher and that would help for.
Jennifer Elick: incision for sure.
Bob Newton: yeah I think it's really interesting that that there are these islands, you know in that those channels, you know they they're not point bars there's something else and.
Bob Newton: You know that the idea that they make grow from these channels cutting through the terraces is a really interesting one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, thank you well, I think you're up next.
Bob Newton: i'm up next.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I think so so.
Bob Newton: yeah go.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: let's talk about the paradise bond and we'll get started.
hi my name is Bob.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And I am from the split college to scientists department my co author is Gary hartwell, who is a project manager with the Smith facilities management office.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: are posted today looks at how Smith, is using a new method involving settlement sluicing to manage settlement accumulation, since campus.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sentiment accumulations a chronic problem in paradise on as we can see, as we look at the watershed map we see it's just a sports bar for hector upon it is fed by the mill river coming out of 140 square kilometer watershed.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So there are a number of factors that have led to the reason why to college it's changing from.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The methods that it used previously to this new sluicing there.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Previously segment let's remove every six to 10 years using the dry excavation.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But higher costs, the difficulty in finding sites to receive the drugs oil and the recognition by regulators that downstream areas can become settlement star.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Let us to the adoption of this Lucy now.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And we're dry excavation the previous method had to be done in the summer, the servants lucien operations occur between November and mark.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: What the sentiment sluicing works is that the pond is drawn down so it's the only a small residual empowerment is live just on the upstream side of the day.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: A bulldozer is then used to redistribute sediments both on the pond Bob.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Most of this settlement is pushed into the stream channel that's flowing through the bottom of the pot the stream then lose to set up and down to the residual and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: After completing the settlement redistribution operations, the ponds refill and then, when there's a big rain event, causing a high streamflow.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And usually we use about 1000 CFS is our guide so when it gets above 1000 see at this this loose gate at the base of the dam is open and then sediment but accumulated in front of them is carried downstream.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now, in our experiments, we found that the capacity of the empowerment is small empowerment in front of the dam is is pretty limited and it's hard to keep that sentiment that we're putting into that small space from escaping through this loose gate.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Downstream this the sediment accumulates in the splash pool just below the damn it in the Channel immediately downstream with that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But it it doesn't stay there very long it's quickly pushed downstream during subsequent events.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now, getting permission to use the sediments loosing technique in this system, I was particularly difficult as the channel that little river downstream of paradise pond is part of a flood control system.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The River was in fact a burden in the 19 early 1940s, through an artificial channel just downstream with paradise pong, and so the concern is that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Any settlement accumulating in this diversion Channel with decrease the effectiveness of the flood control system so really the only way we could get our purpose.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: was to create an extensive monitoring system and so we've set up the system and it includes game stations stupidity spirit sensors temperature sensors.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: series of downstream cross section benchmark stations, a whole series of things that we found her some in real time, in addition, we created we do create every time we do a settlement redistribution a detail digital seen most of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: These are done using drones drone drone acquire photography and structure promotion software and they allow us to quantitatively determine the BIOME changes.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: As you can subtract different surfaces integrate get bonds of the first operational sluicing campaign was done in November of 2019 you move 2230 cubic meters of set of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: This year we did our first redistribution in November but there's been a series of high flow events, culminating in the 3000 CFS exam event on Christmas data, but to multiple operations, we expected to our our third.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: redistribution.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: To this year sometime in March so that's basically what we're doing and we're happy to answer any questions that too much.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, thank you what's.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: have questions for baldwin room or you can also view any post stretch your own leisure.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Right after the session as well they're all available but let's have questions for.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: For Bob and his study.
Christine Hatch: i've got a question for you.
Christine Hatch: yeah so I mean I just think this was genius that you were able to get the regulators to accept putting the sediment back in the stream, because obviously that's one of the big.
Christine Hatch: hurdles with dams, is that they create settlement starve conditions downstream, and it seems like a win, win.
Christine Hatch: What did you have to go through in order to get that regulatory approval and did you have to test the chemistry of the sentiment, did you have to prove that it was clean what was that whole process like.
Bob Newton: It was a.
Bob Newton: hate her horrendous process.
Bob Newton: It took over five years.
Bob Newton: And involved every conceivable thing you could imagine we had to we've taken corps sediment corps done chemistry we looked at lead, there was a lead issue.
Bob Newton: We had to show that there wasn't any more lead in our settlement than what already existed downstream, we were able to show that.
Bob Newton: We.
Bob Newton: There are so many I think there are 10 organizations that have input into whether we get our permits or not.
Bob Newton: Including the army corps, the big one, but even the city of North and the interesting thing is, if we released sediment from the pond and it accumulates in the flood control channel than the city of North Hampton is responsible for removing it so.
Bob Newton: it's just been.
Bob Newton: A incredibly difficult process, but we're there and we have a permit now for five years.
Bob Newton: So we can do it every year for the next five years, so we're going to try to try to catch up, but our goal is not to.
Bob Newton: do as we did in the past to create a deep pond we actually are going to keep our pond as shallow as we can.
Bob Newton: To make it still useful for the recreational things that they're doing so we're actually only trying to keep it like two feet deep.
Bob Newton: The shower, it is the higher velocity during events storm events and the more sentiment that will naturally move through but.
Bob Newton: It has been an adventure there was, it was reported a dwarf wedge muscle present in the system, which is a federally listed endangered species, so you know all the issues that go with that it's been it's been a very involved process.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: All right, thank you, Bob Athena will is asking whether you calculated sediment yield for the site.
Bob Newton: Yes, we are doing that and and we've been doing it by events.
Bob Newton: And we do both suspended settlement balances during events, and we look at now we have enough data.
Bob Newton: by looking at the drone surveys to get some kind of bed load accumulation so yeah we're about there so that we now have a really good inventory of sediment yield from the watershed.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: awesome so a few minutes a few minutes for questions.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: well.
Christine Hatch: It will kudos to you for pushing that as far as you know, through all of the regulatory hurdles to do it because I think it's a really forward looking way if you're gonna have a pond and a damn to manage it in a way that's kind of sustainable, with respect to the downstream environment.
Bob Newton: yeah it'll be interesting to see if we can really get rid of all the sediment that we need to get rid of that is the challenge and we're finding that it's actually a good thing that during our redistribution, we had hoped, not to release any settlement.
Bob Newton: But the the sluicing during events is not very effective so it's better we released during our redistribution.
Bob Newton: And so we're trying to get them to buy into that a little bit more.
Bob Newton: And we do measure during events we actually go out with the acoustic doppler and and measure actually the sediment velocity of bottom sediment velocity and see where it's going and it doesn't not not as much goes through our sluice gates, as we had hoped it would go through.
Bob Newton: But we'll see we'll see if we can we can manage it to move enough to make it effective.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: awesome Thank you about and again the next six posters are mostly by students on the grads at temple university hopefully you won't get tired of my voice.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: If you have any issues with accent on the transcript just let me know i'm sure we can get the mutual understanding, so.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: we'll get started with analysis of drum lines and Western like era again it's primarily an image based study due to limitations of travel and access, but there will be a couple posters based on fieldwork this fault.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: hello, this is primarily an outcome of an undergraduate study.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Over have a large drumline field in western erie county Pennsylvania here right along the shores of Lake erie you can see, already in these DNS and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Google earth would be useful in that regard as well, but DM certainly show the clustering of drum ones along the top of graphic highs and there are possibly in.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: topographic levels in between so using the EMS.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: access.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: That had to be remote to the university rgs facilities students were able to fit.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: variety of polygons and elliptical shaped to the drones.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And here we summarize the variety of more symmetric parameters length width the ratio, as well as the area of the drama and the as him so i'm not surprisingly, the item was clusters quite nicely showing that generally northwestern.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: direction of the ice floe during the last agm so Ontario you reload.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: primarily responsible for the formation of these hills the drum lens cluster within point 1.2 kilometer squared area, you can see these outliers mentioned them in a second, in fact, is you, looking at the bottom right diagram, which is the length of wits ratio.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can see that the general range is right about three and again is largely the Asians pro in the ratios of eight or more.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: which correspond to features of large.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: overall plan view area likely represent these mega skill initiations that are not true drummond's So, in summary, can we're looking at features that are around point 1.2 square kilometers in.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: glenview area two to four links to with ratios not uncommon for many drones.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Consider consistent with the direction of the ice floe and again, some of these mega scale linear patients may have been captured when measuring these elongated features again they're.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: about the same orientation, as the dramas, so it makes for a really good sort of in house project for undergraduates to look at the quantitative aspects of glacial geomorphologist think.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so any questions again for some reason, I could not record more than three minutes, with the file video file limits.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So these are relatively short presentations, but if you have if you wanted to look at any part of the poster have any questions, we did not use why we did not use the js drummond tool.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now, this is a relatively straightforward sort of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: fit an ellipse to a shape or a Polygon there to sub groups of students, including a glacial geology graduate student that wanted to just to see if they can get some sort of a quantitative analysis and clustering of the shapes but.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: look into that one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Yet no lidar is I mean that's pretty much whatever we have the DM that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: that's the layer analyzed.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I think it all students had remote access to the lab so they just sort of did it from home and the thing we had to like a student he does, we had a couple students that analyze the same.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: same cluster is just to see what the uncertainty is just an so they're fitting the ellipses.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now the idea suggestion, maybe some other drum ones you've measured to have slightly different sizes or lengths to with ratios why suppose you can do it as aspect ratios what's the length I don't know if it's done for drum lines like widow for streams but.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Any other suggestions will be welcome.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so we'll look at, thank you, thank you, sorry I will look at.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: marion's GSA.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Study okay.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So yeah so sarah's talking about a study done by Miriam mackenzie her former students so we'll look into that and you can see, it all in chat.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: As far as I know we analyze them individually.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Again we're sort of had.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Three undergraduate students and a graduate student and and they I know they've done some.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: surveys of the same features again to to assess whether how much uncertainty that was bought a thing was individually.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Is velocity sure definitely has an impact as Bob said that with the length ratio been related to ice velocity, but we have these unusual really long linear patients that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: That made me sort of compound features, I guess, with drum ones, on top of some of them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so the questions were if we analyze drum ones, individually or multiple simultaneously so that's individually.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So the next was suggestion by Bob that with the length has been related to ice velocity.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So you can see a little more tail on the longer ratios.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So the skewed right toward the longer ratio is once you pass you know four to one ratio.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: OK, and then rob said that the lidar shows flute like features in many areas of the Northeast.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Here So here we only picked up a few it's not like another.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Whole cluster of these mega linear nations.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So those are again those with ratios like 10 on the well you know i'm welcoming and suggestions on some of these.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: These are all positive topographic features so.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sort of elongated hills, rather than negative features like true flutes sort of the original typography these are sort of three dimensional.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: ovals but ratios tend to one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Eight to 10 to one, but only a few of them, relatively speaking.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Alright, so the next two posters actually based on the field studies again students getting out on the field and basically measuring the impact of researching beaver populations on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Small suburban creaks in the Philadelphia area and has been a huge huge by GEO morphic impact here.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Present research by an undergraduate chemistry major geology minor from temple university, who I was really looking forward to an opportunity to get out in the field so in the fall of 2020 just a few months ago.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: We found ourselves along the shores of a very small tributary to main mission many critical the little niche Germany it historic society and molan house.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: is a place where George Washington that because he just philosophy became the father of American cavalry and just next to the creek this historic site.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: On the part of grounds, there are several large bank borrows which will deliver related to the River activity some abandoned bank bank lodges, though.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: There is no evidence of our food stamps there but it's quite a bit of clear cutting highly engineered creep with new construction roads new developments going on there.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: across from the bank boroughs of this reach one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: there's a large population of introduce car that's been living there for decades, so you can imagine that Zhu Zhu morphic cascade from fallen trees.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sentiment put in by either wind throw a beaver activity or during floods and constantly working by by the bottom feeding and bank.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: feeding invasive carp here so some of the metrics with measuring stumps a relatively straightforward, so the diameter, which we can get easily from the circumference easier to measure, as well as distance to the creek high to the current stage of the creek as it was based on the upturn.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I guess the audio just cut out i'm not sure why.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But if you can hear me I can finish.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: With the poster here so.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: On the bottom left is sort of a summary of all the different parameters will just a lot of numbers but.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can sort of put them all together and look at the look at the high high and low values for heights and diameters and distance from the river and then.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can overlay them on some of the studies we've done along the main part of the stream the shamanic just downstream, so it sort of fits nicely with all the rest of the dimensions which is no surprise is an anomalous but as we're adding more and more.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: That point data points to this database, you can start comparing it to other sites, just to see if they're either a larger trees, the trees farther away from the creek bank or you know higher up on the tree, maybe, where you see the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The activity or the damage from the beavers and again in the following posters you'll see sort of comparison of this study or these values with some other downstream and actually another small creek just north of Philadelphia so it's sort of part of the effort.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Again, to assess the impact of returning beaver population to several families and maybe but huge impact, just for the past two years, and its ongoing as we speak sort of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: This winter there's been a lot of activity and a lot of it has to do with the beavers taken down 20 3050 year old trees right along the creek banks, including some state and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: county parks.
Okay.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now concern zoom in and i'll start.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Maybe maybe just leave it like this, there we go.
This.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Definitely a sensitive.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Sensitive screen, so let me see if I can zoom a little bit let's.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And then we'll see if we have any questions sorry about that that's, a thing that the mouse operation.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Is a.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Is a trick here.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So if you have any questions just you're out or put it in the chat and i'll be happy to answer them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so Bob is asking whether any beaver dams.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And impact the stream chemistry, and there are other.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Another site so two posters from this one there's been some effort to look at timidity and chemistry, there are no beaver dam skier just lodges that just seem to prefer lodges but i'm.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Not in the next poster but the following one you'll see that they're building a small damn on top of an abandoned milled them and effect creek.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So that's sort of interesting they build a little DEM every December January, and then it gets flushed down during the spring floods and then they rebuild it again.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: i'll see i'm trying to zoom in on the data points to the bottom right and it just will not let me.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay sort of like this.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: General So the question from Jim is general changes to the stream morphology.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: There are these scallop down parts of the creek they can come hotspots they're definitely associated right next to them they're small beaver lodges and footprints and everything.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: It stuff unless you unless you investigated ahead of time which was here key I think it's tough to ascribe it directly to beaver activity, but then taking out the small trees and as you'll see later and we presented the last year actually chewing on the proper roots, which again.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Maybe ecologist aware of this, I wasn't aware of the risk by going after prop routes that are the only part stabilizing the Bank so that was kind of interesting so again in this particular this particular side.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Literally across from the be rich food stamps there is a huge population of car and they just for decades in the same place, they never move.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: They just keep chewing into the both the legacy sentiment these barren muds which are in the creek and comprise the banks of the creek so if a tree falls during flood during construction.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: When throw or be risk, obviously, when we were scattered the stump remains, but then it's just sort of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Eventually, gives away right it decays, so I think there's for these small creeks which are like 1015 meters in width I think it's an enormous impact.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Like so that the combination of everything but the key is to to find this.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: ahead of time because, once the tree falls unless you found some bank burrows underneath it, you may never know that maybe that tree fall or went through was compromised by some burling activity, but there are definitely giant bang burrows in this small creek.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And then i'll take any especially anybody has experience with studying specifically sort of the geo morphic effect because right now we're compiling the data and doing all the measurements, we can but if there any other ideas.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: will be happy to.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: happy to hear about it again most most trees fall toward the toward the creek especially there's a bit of a slow, because they can get higher up and, obviously, put it toward the creek.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: However, small trees farther away like 10 meters they actually a couple of them, you can see, they they fell them away from the creek which may be just the way to.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: to drag them easier, I like we put a Christmas tree, on top of the car with branches facing back.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So I don't know I know they think about it, but they say, if I have to drag that small tree for 1020 meters and maybe easy to drag it, you know with branches pointing away from the creek but that you know, obviously we need more data for that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And that's how we distinguish between beaver induced and other changes to the environment that's the difficult part again unless we find.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Some erosion specifically associated with a be Richard stump or with borrows.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And again if there's a large part of the creek that gets eroded or just you have a bit of a mania landslide all the evidence that beavers were there goes with it.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And when you look at the bank heart and the first view it actually looks like it's stabilized in the bank short term right, you have a little hot there's a little bit of a deeper Center or you have a fallen tree it looks like the fallen stream actually stabilize the bank.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Once it once it falls, because now, you have a bit of a quiet or water but almost any place where there's a fallen tree there is carp living under the tree because they're now protected.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Under the tree so so you have to almost go to every fall and tree side and figure out whether that side is actually more protected by the fallen tree or now it's more under the sort of the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: reworking from the large bottom feeding fish again catfish slide soccer and card.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So it's a tree tree by tree basis but that's that's the ultimate question, how do you how do you know that that particular hubspot of bank erosion was due to beaver activity.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: versus something else, so now, one more just downstream and there's a very similar study been in a larger part of the creek.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And again, this is a field study.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So let's see hopefully this one works, so I don't have to take over.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I am now here's an opportunity again by an undergraduate student actually by a chemistry major.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: I wanted to spend some time in the field during the fall of 2020 and do some original research, so the previous posters were measured similar metrics.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: On choose thumbs in this case the right along the main the shamanic creek just northeast of Philadelphia, the creek that ends up in the Delaware river right or downstream of where Washington crossing the Delaware.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: stamps here, though we're both relic probably decades old and very recent so we're talking about those with fresh shavings a in fact right next to those stumps with fresh shavings, there was a bank heart, which is like the related to be were so quite an active side.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can see a number of food stamps again the summary of dimensions is listed here.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Next to a.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sort of a general diagram interestingly, you know if you plot, the general relationship between the bottom and top of the stump.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Obviously, there is a direct relationship, the top is whole is higher or However, the the departure from this one to online sort of shows you the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: the height of the food stamp and sort of doubled up the overall damage height on the right of the graph shows the comparison to both the previous poster a little less Gemini creek as well as overall.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Calm collected data along the main the show me the creek that just upstream of this study side, so those are the yellow dots little the showman and the Green all and the stumps here somewhat smaller so that's the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The white always for this study again here the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: There is very little distinction in size between the reason and what we call historical relics stumps which are largely auto logged and easily.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Broken So here we can see several phases of the activity they're definitely returning to this region they've been sightings of live viewers, there are several.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: neighbors as well as the lodges and again, a large number of introduced carb and white sucker right under this bridge produce quite a complex by Jim morphic cascade if you add flood under cod, or would throw trees in this area, thank you.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, if there any.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Questions please come out or we can.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: announce them from the chat box.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: If somebody can just sound out if you can hear or see the video, I just want to make sure the connection is still there.
Hayden Thacker: yeah as it will see it.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay awesome.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: and actually I checked all the posters the seem to play fine this morning, so I don't know if it's maybe.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Something with a large number of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The connections, or something happening on my end but hopefully you're able to see.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: All the So if you want me to zoom in on one of the parts i'll definitely give it my best try.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: welcome any suggestions, maybe some other aspects that we can look at.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Those really cool rally but historic one's a really neat because you can see them high up the banks and sometimes 30 meters so from the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Active creek and usually that's a bit too far in 2030 meters, especially for larger trees, they normally wouldn't care of them that far so there's either a femoral web, one which is now sort of dry.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Or maybe you can get some ideas of not quite purely a drainage, but there may have been another.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Another way for us to get to the main creek usually they build canals.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And so there may be an unfilled beaver canal, which we can see now even sometimes covered with leaves but, once you start seeing this chewed stumps.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So anomalously far from the creek that may point you to direction and some historic waterway.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And ultimately, if we can find them hundreds of years old, maybe you can do a little bit of Paleo drainage, but I just know if anybody's seen or radio carbon dated them back 234 hundred years ago.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Unless they're preserved in some anoxic sediments as part of beaver ponds.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So, unlike these studies, the next one, and the different creek that they're they're actually citizen scientists people just walking through the park taking pictures and they have GPS locations and all of them, so there is a temporal and spatial database.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Just over the past couple years.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: That can be compared with with this one so we're slowly building.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: sort of local and then regional databases on the activity in almost all of it has been happening in the last two years.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Again we're biased by the preservation of these historic stumps but almost all of it has been.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Starting in the winter 2019 or maybe late fall.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: 2018.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So i'll just wait another minute or so just make sure with start on time, but any questions or suggestions, a welcome.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And again thanks for joining us.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: This morning.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So let's move on to the next one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And this will be a combination of looking at existing data and newly collected data in the field.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Just outside of philly just north of greater Philadelphia.
Okay.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So that's pretty pretty interesting side here as well, this is the one with the beavers building a DEMO on top of the abandoned meal them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: welcome this research is a combination of findings by the scientists from the pentatonic ecological restoration trust and citizen scientist, as well as undergraduate students at temple university.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You have to study or is located just outside Philadelphia.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And there's been quite a bit of research and deeper activity all around the greater Philadelphia region, you can see a lot of fallen trees.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: by just a few family of beavers so we're ranked generally between one and four, the damage so from bark stripping to lie on the tree to the tree still being attached to the stump to for being just a stump remaining.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Again, based on photographs and field, research, a little past couple years and here you can see that a.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: distance from the creek increases a bit over the past year, and you can see some of the more distance more than 50 meter distance from the creek is likely, due to the femoral weapons, rather than viewers moving trees that far consider primarily feeding on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: spies Bush, but there are other trees involved, including unusual cutting of pine trees, which is not known to be taken by beavers with all the other types available, you can see, primarily probably due to ease of recognition.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So the types, three and four of entirely remove trees are prevalent and the azimuth sort of depending where you are relative to the creek or a wetland indicates the clusters of our fallen trees.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: including some quite unusual stripping of prob over dishes roots, maybe by juvenile be rest, but that has quite a bit of an impact on creek stability right creating this hotspots of erosion.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So, in summary, the researchers on going, but there are definitely good quantitative data that we can use, including this winters data to move on with examining the pattern of research and the overpopulation in the greatest Philadelphia, thank you.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You got plenty of time for questions if you have any.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so, while they're.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: On both sides of the River interestingly on the previous sites in the shaman it more than 90% is on the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: East or left bank of the south flowing creek and we looked at the same distances and areas on both sides, and it was overwhelmingly.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The East side, so I don't know if it's related to you know the sun in the afternoon or.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: what's the what's the control now that's kind of interesting.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Here the the bank borrow is on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: For this creek which is.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: If you can look up here in the study side area and the upper part of the creek where the mill DEM is the band borrows on the North side, so the left side again of the creek.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And, but there is activity on either side for penny Pack for this particular side there is about equal.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: let's say about equal.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Distribution left versus right, so we can color code them later we can color code, all of these by left versus right.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So I don't know again if it's related to the hype or the where the sun sun is during a particular type of the day.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But again, the previous two posts, on the other, creek just east of this one in bucks county now on it's overwhelmingly on the east or left bank of the creek overwhelming like 95% of all the damage for more than 100 of tune stumps there's almost nothing on the other bank.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And these are primarily large builders.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Hardly any natural predators here, there are no rules okay or there's not to the degree to affect these so the big question is of a nuisance beavers some of them attack people so they've been taken out but.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: they're not going to build dams along across very large creeks, but the question is, what do we do with them, should we just let them do their thing because that's sort of what they do, because they do affect historic sites by trees they've been there for decades.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So now, people are putting little metal netting at the state parks and county parks in this area for those trees that still survive, some of them, you can see strip bark and then the metal fencing around the tree so to try to preserve it the rest of the tree.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So these rivers flow mostly so they go.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Well, west to east, and then they been South and end up in the Delaware river right near right near Philadelphia.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So both the shamanic in bucks county and this benefit creek in Montgomery county here, you can actually see that it's flowing west to east and then there's almost a dogleg and it begins to flow south.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And then there's sort of men made pawns and sluices, so there is a big lodge decide there's a big lodge in the pond.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And there are several lodges on the wetlands in fact vernal pools, so the state park folks are really concerned because there's there's vernal pool, with a few endangered insect and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: amphibian reptile species and they're giant beaver dams i'm sorry January will beaver lodge is right on those vernal pools.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: which tend to be on the abandon the enders have some creaks so that haven't had any flow in decades, and then the beer just cut down the trees, sometimes along the steep slopes and choose just fall right down toward the white one and they build a lodge.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So bank lodges or pond lodges are much more common here then then Dems accept the on the dams that I saw was them utilizing the abandoned mill down that they keep heightening and then the kids they get flushed during the subsequent sprint fresh.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: As far as I know, the word introduced recently as far as I know there I can I can be sure, but the activity definitely piqued two years ago.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So that's a great question, I have to adopt a few colleges I haven't heard of them being.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Actively introduced like they're doing some other places, I can Patagonia in Argentina there's a huge issue when they introduce beavers and now they completely altered the landscape.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: same thing in in the Baltics in Estonia, Lithuania, when the beavers came back there are enormous issues with the fisheries because they just altered everything within a year or two.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So there are pro beaver population right and pro fish and there's quite a bit of tension.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But I don't know the answer to that question as far as whether they've been introduced, but we're talking about at least three to four families.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Of the areas that are doing all the damage, because we have trail cams we actually have video and photos of some of these, and then, when they have young they spread out maybe not too far, but now you have right there's a multiplier effect now you have many more of them within a few years.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: there's activity near the airport at the hynes national reserve in Philadelphia it just been sort of a resurgence, and you can see just by walking along the creek just the past 10 years any creek around Philadelphia COP screen, you can just see shavings everywhere and fallen trees.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: There was a local news so definitely some resurgence, but again, those what I call relic waterlogged stumps they tell us that they've been there 2030 years ago.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: At least, maybe 50 years ago so somehow naturally they came back, maybe.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: In the absence of predators hunting trapping so that's My guess funnel but i'll keep you updated.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, and the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: The final two talks again based on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Google earth analysis by undergraduate students, so this one or a couple of trips to Africa, a bit virtual.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so next one is by Joe Martina and others, looking at the gym morphic impact of hippopotamus.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: In the section of the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Book along the adult.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: hello, this project was part about writing intensive.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Turn research project for process geomorphologist class and number one the graduates with a leading author, being one.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Then interesting quantitative assessment of paper trail morphology using Google earth images.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Of the section of adults in Botswana they've been a number of publication on the impact of vegetation and hippopotamus may trails sort of causing small emotions, as well as Lincoln a number of islands, so what we did is look at.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: A roughly seven kilometer square circular segment of the delta analyzed number and areas of small islands of that had rental the short and sweet trails leading to them from the solid meandering to senior streams.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: In general, the majority, more than half of the travel was island to island, so these foraging trail by hippos.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: between the islands island area versus trail number there's a bit of a correlation interestingly, the metrics when you compare hipaa trails again short and straight versus relatively long and wide and seniors.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: distributor isn't connected tributaries of the longer, you can see that.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Obviously the streams are much longer and have great a senior citizen the Hippo trail and in the bottom left you can see radius of curvature.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Is.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Lower for more meandering streams, as expected, compared to hipaa trails and you can see that, over the period, so the time lapse between 2007 and 2018 there's been a the other 2%.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Of decrease in the island area, though the maybe the function of a flood stage between the two Google earth images So, in summary, are a relatively interesting.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: set of conclusions based on a study that can be easily done by undergraduates, but they cannot spot in the world war zone geographical activity has taken place.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: hey i'll take the questions suggestions, again, this was more of a way to get undergraduates working on a project.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Now, without access to the field side.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But with some data available in publications sort of.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: quite a bit of background on the vegetation Hippo landscape interaction in Africa longer so there's there's been research but two decades ago by South African authors and researchers so sort of didn't start from scratch, but compared some of the images.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: To their data, which was collected in the field, obviously background.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But this is primarily Google earth sort of view on some of the data, you can.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: You can get just by zooming in on some of the features.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So any suggestions are welcome, maybe some of your students have done similar research but definitely good opportunity.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: For remote project.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: For about five six minutes for questions.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Another been studies of dinosaur cause devotions by Jones and others.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: and based on some Jurassic I think Jurassic sequences.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So you can imagine, large animals.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Either blocking small creeks causing water flow around them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: or traversing streams creating gaps in levees again causing of options during the subsequent flood, obviously the minute papers in geology back in the 70s and bison trails maybe.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Being the precursors from some small tributaries in the in the West and again once the river flows through it, it may be difficult to ascertain.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: said, have to do before and after I think, but in this case, this is in the Delta, this is much easier just basically.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Go for a shorter route between the islands and produce this relatively straight trails.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: which is difficult to explain using physical processes, plus you can observe hippopotamus actually in a lot of these if you zoom in you can actually see them and a lot of these relatively straight trails.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: A few minutes if you wanted to look back at some previous posters, we can do that as well.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, and again i'm going to start right at 1140 our last talk again just so there's somebody joining the last one so they're not missing the beginning.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Maybe some potential projects for students and again, this is not just sort of part of the geoscience education aspect you know here's.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: here's an search engine or rgs or Google earth software these these students are actually measuring them as part of their term project and producing some quantitative data comparisons which they can relate to some of the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Some of the sort of Hydra logic morphologic parameters, we talked about in class.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So I think it gives good good breath for students to look at different continents, I suppose you can look in Australia, you can definitely see a wombat warren's from space.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So you can do some analysis of those based on Google earth images and then you can marry some of the data with maybe geophysical images good we've done.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: A lot of GEO radar imaging locally of bang borrows beavers groundhogs foxes and so on.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: But this just gives you so much more opportunity to go far afield.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And do some interesting analysis at other continents.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Alright, and the last the last one will focus on the elephant activity in Africa again.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: project by a different group.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And, a thing that will conclude the session, so thank you for sticking around so we'll talk about alexa silverman's poster on the zoo morphic impact.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: of elephants in Zimbabwe.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Oh, this is a study a dragon by the undergraduate as part of their.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Do morphology projects.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Last fall using Google earth images to look at the zoo morphic impact of elephants in one go National Park in Zimbabwe and Africa and.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Here looked at small waterholes surrounding trample areas, as well as trails radiating from them again confirm from zoomed in images and other information of these were frequently used by elephants also use the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Noise different vegetation index.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: to sort of assess the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: impact on vegetation again in in areas frequented by elephant hurts here we can see that overall there's a good relationship between.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: size of the water of all the trump what area around and the number of length of trails leading to it again analysis of eight out of 26 what our roles will look at a couple of outliers here top left is a smaller.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: waterholes likely during the drought period, maybe overused by elephants also using solid Brian flats relationships in general back of the envelope calculations also looked at some of the material removed.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: assuming a herd of elephants about 250 which is not uncommon you're passing through this trail.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: In a specific amount of time they Navi maps your hotspots you're in RAD on the left.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: partially likely contributed to my elephant activity and then here on the right, and in this case in lighter colors in yellow showing quite a bit of removal associated with the trails and enclosed trampled area where the waterfall at the Center this is side too.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: So quite a substantial Georgia morphic impact not just on the vegetation, but also compaction infection and reworking of settlements, and that is not even counting the sediment move during sent bathing by the elephants.
Thank you.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Okay, so this sort of concludes the last post or in our geomorphologist session, if you have any questions again, you can.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Just unmute yourself and ask or.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: put them in the common chat.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: And then we can go and look at the previous posters as well all nine of them.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Especially any suggestions or welcome for any docs I think.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: obama's ideas, especially with his expertise in lidar I think that was good, or any of your other projects, especially dealing with.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: remote sensing or lidar as applied to the local field studies or far far field studies either or there may be some other.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: search engine right the planet and a few other engines that are easily accessible by students remotely that they can do some quantitative analysis.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Thank you all for coming and sharing this time.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: Again i'll put it back to the.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: To the post reviews if you'd like in the next five or so minutes to look at any any of the posters for this session.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: and discuss it, maybe more questions to other authors, we have time.
Ilya Buynevich-Chair: All right, thank you justin appreciated.
Okay.