WEBVTT

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William Ouimet: Hello everyone how are you.

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William Ouimet: it's it's amazing i've spent so much time getting the the other digital aspects of this ready, that of course I assumed that I would be able to log on without any hassle and the two seconds I needed to this morning and, of course, that didn't work, so I apologize for that.

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William Ouimet: So, because I didn't log in 20 minutes early I also didn't have the opportunity to put up that first slide that that they were recommending that presenters do so i'm going to.

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William Ouimet: i'm going to go ahead and do that.

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William Ouimet: yeah, I think, so I think we're ready to go right maddie and jenna like.

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jrstone: yeah we're good.

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William Ouimet: it's i'm a little bit flustered obviously from the from the start, but i'll do my best to kind of rebound here okay so um what I wanted to do.

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William Ouimet: Let me before I go to the slides what I What I do want to do is just this is this is supposed to be, you know.

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William Ouimet: A workshop short course feel were in the non virtual world we would all be in a room together and we'd have the opportunity to at least engage each.

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William Ouimet: Other face to face and meeting I mean hang out and meet and do a little bit of getting to know one another Okay, so I would like to I know that it will take time, I would just like to go around the room, just so that everyone has a chance to introduce themselves.

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William Ouimet: That would help me, I think, would help each other, just so that we can kind of build a Community here, because we will we will be together for some amount of time time today Okay, so what i'll do is, I will just read down the list so if you can just get in preparation, maybe unmute.

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William Ouimet: And then we will go pretty quickly here but i'll call your name out so that there's no confusion about about about who's going and then Janet and I will introduce ourselves in the slides so we'll let you guys go first so maddie your first up in my list.

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Margaret Thomas: I am a Margaret Thomas and Connecticut state geologist I have some experience with lidar.

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Margaret Thomas: But i'm really looking forward to this class to start from soup and go to NUTS So here we are.

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William Ouimet: that's great Alexander is in ski.

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Alexander Zdzinski: ski in ski i'm i'm a retired geologists formerly with the Pennsylvania department of environmental protection.

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Alexander Zdzinski: have only first started to encounter information about lidar and about a year or two ago so don't know much that's fine here.

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William Ouimet: that's great I Denise brush it.

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Denise Brushett: hi i'm at a sufficient geologists who, with the Nova Scotia geological survey and we've had been using lighter hair for around the last five six years and we've recently had a lot more data come out that i'm hoping to learn how to use better.

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William Ouimet: Joe butch.

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Joe Butch: Right yeah whoops i'm Joe bloggs a retired a custom Paleo wants to take your fee i'm interested in expanding my knowledge of various aspects of geology.

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Nice.

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William Ouimet: Robert thorson.

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robertmthorson: Oh yes, well.

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robertmthorson: It was about 20 years ago, I took seminars on our GIs but I never got into it enough to actually learn it.

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robertmthorson: But I love lidar I don't know how to mess, with it, or do anything with it, if this gets too wonky and technical for me i'll bail probably halfway through the day but i'm gonna try, I really want to learn how to do this well.

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William Ouimet: there's no space to get while getting technical because we had just too much to do so don't worry you're good.

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William Ouimet: Brian oakley.

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BryanOakley: Oh hi everybody i'm going to associate professor at Eastern Connecticut State University just down the road from well but i'm in my home office, not on campus today.

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BryanOakley: I have some experience lidar I use it quite a bit, particularly in coastal applications and looking at bluffer ocean, but i'm looking to pick up some tips and tricks today, and particularly things to bring back to my my courses as well, so i'm looking forward to it it's great.

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William Ouimet: genet Barclay.

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William Ouimet: Oh you're muted, I think.

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William Ouimet: Well you're not muted on on my end maybe it's all just going to go to Melissa boyd and we'll come back to Janet.

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Melissa Boyd: hi my name is Melissa fine i'm a PhD student at rutgers university.

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Melissa Boyd: i'm.

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Melissa Boyd: Access to light our data for my fieldwork and I would just like to learn how to better use it or how to use it.

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that's great.

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William Ouimet: Michael.

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William Ouimet: w.

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Michael Wizevich: Reason it.

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William Ouimet: Sorry sorry Michael.

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Michael Wizevich: So, Michael is a bit i'm a professor and geological sciences at central Connecticut State University and soft rock geologists i've had a student who did a project with the drum ones in Connecticut lidar oh God let's see he just finished his PhD so that.

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Michael Wizevich: Seven years ago, or so.

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Michael Wizevich: So a little bit of it, but not much so i'm interested to learn more and perhaps get more students involved in projects like my excellent.

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William Ouimet: Thank you, I Stephen maybe.

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Stephen Mabee - MA: A Steve maybe state geologists for Massachusetts I use lidar but mostly for base maps i'd like to learn more about how to manipulate the data.

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William Ouimet: that's hopefully the goal David harper.

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David Harper: Oh yes, i'm retired from the New Jersey survey.

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David Harper: geology luxury.

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William Ouimet: agenda you good now.

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William Ouimet: Barclay.

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William Ouimet: Maybe.

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William Ouimet: Think janet's frozen there Paul olson.

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Paul Olsen: hi.

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Paul Olsen: yeah i'm Paulson i'm a professor Griffin vinyl science at Columbia University in the minority earth Observatory i'm mapping triassic Jurassic basins and.

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Paul Olsen: I needed and elsewhere.

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Paul Olsen: And i'm usually use national map as a source of the lidar data but i'm eager to learn, better and more effective ways to use that I use it to develop hypotheses of mapping and I feel check them Nice.

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William Ouimet: Roger look blue.

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Roger Bloch: Block hey yeah i'm a retired oil geologist and i've used lidar kind of off and on to map.

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Roger Bloch: glacial features up in new Hampshire and also kind of helped out the town mapping some old abandoned cemeteries so i'm hoping to learn some as as another gentleman said some tips and tricks.

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William Ouimet: Thank you.

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William Ouimet: Stephen Douglas.

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stephen tzikas: gigas yes i'm an environmental engineer so lidar is new to.

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David Harper: me.

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stephen tzikas: So it's a continuing education topic I hope to learn something.

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William Ouimet: Great Stephen nutrition bridge.

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Steven Schimmrich: shim rich yes i'm i'm a.

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Steven Schimmrich: Professor in stem chair at suny elster in the Hudson valley of New York and.

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Steven Schimmrich: I use a little archie is 20 years ago and i've played around with Q GIs but I haven't done anything with lidar but i'm anxious to learn more about it.

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William Ouimet: that's great woody Thompson.

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Woody Thompson: morning everybody i'm retired from the main geological survey and now working part time for the new Hampshire survey.

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Woody Thompson: i've been using lidar for years and years, my mapping work that i've been getting it pre cooked from my respective offices, so now i'm looking forward to seeing a little bit more about how it works and getting behind the scenes Nice.

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William Ouimet: amanda Chen.

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Amanda Chen: hi i'm amanda i'm an undergraduate student at wellesley college and i've had experience with gigi is, but I just want to learn how to use a platter gets.

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William Ouimet: Great audrey a lotta.

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William Ouimet: Any fallon.

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Andy Fallon: morning everybody i'm going wills PhD students and the history of using lidar both as kind of an accent in the field, as well as using for base maps and desktop mapping applications so just looking forward to learn some more and yeah should be good day today.

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William Ouimet: it's great audrey target.

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Audrey Turcotte: hi i'm a graduate student at Boston college working with Noah cider yeah I took an awesome class as well at uconn during my undergrad um.

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Audrey Turcotte: yeah my research is going to be focused on flavio GEO morphology and restoration, so I don't want too much GIs and latter experience but i'm going to definitely be using it so trying to get into it and learn as much as I can.

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William Ouimet: About.

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William Ouimet: Newton above.

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Bob Newton: It will Bob Newton recently retired from Smith college geosciences.

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Bob Newton: lidar is the best thing I love it it's like reading a good book you can't put it down.

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Bob Newton: So i'm interested in learning as much as I can awesome.

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William Ouimet: Tomorrow Moss.

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Tamara Moss: I tomorrow Moss i'm a geologist with the government of Nova Scotia and i'm been using lighter using GEO what what is it a global map.

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Tamara Moss: But, looking forward to understanding more of how I can use it to target.

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William Ouimet: outcrops and glacial features.

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William Ouimet: Great I am I am jumping around because the names are moving around, so I if people are trying to follow along.

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William Ouimet: i'm doing the best they can hear us this evening.

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Cissy Ming: Oh hey um I am a senior year sciences major at penn state, and I also recently completed GIs minor so i'd like to.

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Cissy Ming: find ways to enrich my GIs skills outside of class Nice.

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William Ouimet: Cora Urban Housing good.

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Cora Van Hazinga: I am Cora then hasn't got i'm a Grad student at Salem State University in GIs my undergrads in geology also from Salem state, so I have dabbled in lidar before, but I look forward to getting to know more, the nuts and bolts.

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William Ouimet: that's great Jason lease lease.

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William Ouimet: How about JEREMY who.

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Jill Mayhew: hi i'm Jill mayhew I am a geologist i've just returned from working for for eight years in Russia, when some energy projects i'm back in the States now because of coven and looking to make a change so i'm I don't know a lot about lidar but i'm here to learn.

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William Ouimet: I think john brooks.

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John Brooks: hi i'm john brooks i'm semi retired consulting geologists i've had the opportunity to work with lidar.

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John Brooks: In.

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John Brooks: fractured trace analyses for groundwater exploration and also i'm using it for a aid in my official mapping for the new Hampshire state geologists at this point, great.

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William Ouimet: God disclose.

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Joe Desloges: Thanks Joe to lowes Professor do morphology University of Toronto, one of our most recent projects was comparing terrestrial lidar versus drone mapping on small scale stuff the drone one out so i'm here to learn about lidar as being still a good thing to do.

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William Ouimet: that's that's good john brooks that I get him.

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William Ouimet: There john brooks there.

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William Ouimet: About Jonathan.

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William Ouimet: Goodness.

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Jonathan Godinez: hello, my name is Jonathan godliness i'm from Costa Rica i'm a recently graduated in Beige color in geology and from the University of Costa Rica and never experienced later before so i'm happy to be here and learn something.

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William Ouimet: that's great Julia boils.

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Julia Boyles, Vermont Geological Survey: hi good morning everybody i'm really boils with the remote geological survey on the geologists pretty familiar with lidar we use it a lot for almost all of our mapping projects and i'm just really looking forward to learning more and expanding my knowledge grade.

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William Ouimet: lay whoo.

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Lei Wu: Hello everyone i'm geophysicist from mcgill University in Canada and and I don't have much background in later and.

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Lei Wu: I look forward to their start to learn something new from this class today Nice.

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William Ouimet: Lindsey spiral.

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Lindsay.Spigel: hi everyone i'm Lindsay Spiegel I work at the main geological survey I conduct superficial mapping and landslide research and I love lidar.

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Lindsay.Spigel: You can't conduct mapping in maine without it got too many trees.

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Lindsay.Spigel: And just to put a plug in for ngs if any of you are working in maine or we now have statewide light our coverage and our data, unlike some other states is really easy to access, so if you're looking for that i'm just.

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Lindsay.Spigel: I can put you in the right direction, so feel free to contact me that's great.

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William Ouimet: Madison you're here.

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Madison Rosen: yeah i'm here i'm i'm a Grad student at uconn and i've worked with a bunch of wider and I work at the with maddie.

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Madison Rosen: Austin.

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William Ouimet: marjorie's at.

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marjorie.zeff: A high margin chef i'm a consulting geologist.

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marjorie.zeff: With a calm, as the Philadelphia PA office we use lidar quite a bit and i'm kind of self taught and i've never had a formal presentation of it so that's why i'm taking this class today read.

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William Ouimet: A lot lost track of my of my.

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William Ouimet: of my name's here Rebecca candy.

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Rebekah Kennedy: hi i'm a senior geoscience student at uconn right now i've taken wills class they're.

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Rebekah Kennedy: going to be a master student at wesleyan next year and i've been using lidar with maddie for the state survey and also for my senior thesis project looking for outcrops.

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Rebekah Kennedy: Great.

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William Ouimet: inca oh yeah me.

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All right.

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Yinka Oyewumi: Thank you.

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Yinka Oyewumi: i'm it professional from geological sciences department central Connecticut State University, I have experience with GIs and lighter and i'm here to expand my knowledge, thank you.

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William Ouimet: Tyler p.

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Tyler P: Hello i'm Tyler from Washington big.

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Tyler P: what's it called i'm like central New York I recent graduate with my undergraduate degree in geology.

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Tyler P: And i've used a little bit of GIs in various classes and lidar remote sensing.

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Tyler P: But other than that i'm here just kind of learn a little bit more because i'm trying to actually start a project local park near me to sort of like mapping create some more information about it, so I figured I could use lidar or GIs to help enhance that.

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William Ouimet: Great tearing.

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William Ouimet: isn't very.

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taryn isenburg: hi i'm Karen eisenberg I worked for maddie at the Connecticut geological survey, and I know a little bit about what are just.

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William Ouimet: Great tomorrow Moss.

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William Ouimet: I already went oh sorry.

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William Ouimet: Richard.

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William Ouimet: kutner.

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William Ouimet: yeah I think Jen is your is your volume working yet or mute.

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Janet Barclay: Can you hear me yeah.

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William Ouimet: yeah we're good that's great.

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Janet Barclay: All right, hi i'm Janet Barclay.

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Janet Barclay: ecologists, with the US geological survey here in Connecticut and I have used lidar.

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Janet Barclay: mostly from the DM so the process stuff so i'm interested in learning from working with the raw data as well as i'm super curious about.

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Janet Barclay: interpreting the land use and superficial geology and particularly curious how much of that can be automated to do over broader a lot of my work is sort of a regional scale of groundwater, surface water interactions and so curious.

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Janet Barclay: About that part of it.

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William Ouimet: Well that's great so at this point I can't quite keep track of who hasn't gone, but what i'll do is, if you haven't if you haven't had a.

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William Ouimet: chance to go yet maybe we'll start just after the break.

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William Ouimet: we'll pick up and let the people who weren't able to introduce themselves introduce themselves the group there's also a couple people who are coming in a little bit later.

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William Ouimet: So what I wanted to know just switch gears to get into the nuts and bolts of the of the short course.

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William Ouimet: But it's great to see everyone here i'm so happy that there's all this interest from a variety of different backgrounds and both academic and professional and just people being curious about having heard about lidar at some point.

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William Ouimet: You know that there's something for everyone in this workshop and just based on your experiences with it, you know, there may be more or less that you really take from this but but but, but when Jen and I and maddie and kind of a.

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William Ouimet: kind of thought about this workshop we really just the goal here is just to kind of take this excitement that we kind of all know exists around lidar and kind of organize it around the principle of really what it's what is doing us.

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William Ouimet: What it's doing to really help us better map your surface and then we're going to focus on applications of.

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William Ouimet: surface mapping in a feature mapping and then we're going to and throughout the throughout the process will be getting in some some details about lidar.

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William Ouimet: So i'm just going to switch over to the slides now, but before I do so, you know, I think that we have all have some degree of from film or familiarity with the zoom.

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William Ouimet: platform, please feel free to unmute yourself to keep volume down in the background, that would be greatly appreciate it, it looks like everyone has it has a good handle on that so i'm just going to assume that from from this point for people know how to manage their own their own.

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William Ouimet: Their own.

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William Ouimet: interface for the zoom depending on what what version of zoom you have you may or may not have the ability to do reactions and thumbs up and thumbs down or raise your hand.

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William Ouimet: You know I think what i'm going to do here is is there's a lot to cover and there will be times that we do have question and answer.

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William Ouimet: So unless there's a pressing clarification, while we're while we're in the slides i'm just going to ask that you kind of wait till the transition period from the end of one thing to the next.

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William Ouimet: To address those questions in those issues Okay, just because it's gonna be hard to manage all the raising hands the questions that are going on during it Okay, so this is last you'll see my face for the for the second i'm going to go ahead and share my screen.

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William Ouimet: And let me just get the slides, slides up here okay.

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William Ouimet: Okay, so can everybody.

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William Ouimet: Can everybody see the slides.

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William Ouimet: Are we feeling.

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William Ouimet: thumbs up.

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Lindsay.Spigel: Yes, but you're in presenter view.

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William Ouimet: Okay, so let me just take this out.

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William Ouimet: i'm should try that again because I don't I don't have a monitor hooked up right now how's that that's better.

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William Ouimet: that's better okay okay great so.

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William Ouimet: This is the slide that would have would have been up.

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William Ouimet: You know if I had gotten i've got logging in time, but I did not so there's a note here on this first slide to please take the short survey at some point, you know i'd like kind of keeping track of where everyone is in terms of their their background coming into this particular.

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William Ouimet: Short course So if you haven't done so already I think there was 40 by the last time I checked in terms of responses, I really, really appreciate it if you go ahead and.

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William Ouimet: And do that Okay, and then, and then you know you've already received an email from me, you know there's some contact information on the bottom here janet's email as well.

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William Ouimet: You know I hope you remember this is we're trying to be a good strong and tight Community here we're open to discussions and then feedback, please, please, please, if anything is.

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William Ouimet: You have questions after the fact, or during the meeting sometime in the near future, when you want to be reminded, about something feel free to email me contact me i'm happy to help as best as best as I can okay so just just a little bit of background about me and Janet.

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William Ouimet: We both managed to find a nice slide of us being in the field, and what are we doing we're both holding up digital elevation models, highlighting features to students and other participants in the in the short course.

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William Ouimet: But i'm here at uconn the department geoscience but also department geography last 11 years i've been here i'm a geomorphologist.

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William Ouimet: I do a lot of questions having to do a surface process human environment interactions landscape evolution tectonic to morphology I kind of worked at all kinds of spatial and temporal scales, depending on the question.

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William Ouimet: And whenever you do that in knowledge of the earth's surface and detailed morphology is so crucial and so it's no surprise that the minute I even heard about lidar.

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William Ouimet: In my undergrad and Grad school days I was all over it, I did whatever I could to get my hands on some of it and i've just loved seeing this kind of revolution of data access availability and our ability to.

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William Ouimet: view all aspects of the system really through this lens of lidar data, so I so i'm happy to share my expertise today and get to know you some some more and then hopefully, you can see where my head's at in terms of how I use this this incredible technology.

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William Ouimet: So i'm just going to stop talking for a quick second lead gen introduce herself.

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jrstone: Can you hear me.

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again.

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jrstone: Well i've been mapping superficial geology mostly in Connecticut and on now in Massachusetts for a very long time, I think I added it up to put on the slide about 49 years.

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jrstone: And all this time we've.

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jrstone: we've been making sufficient geologic maps at usually a 24,000 scale and then compiling them into state state maps at 120 5000 scale.

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jrstone: And we've been using topographic base maps with 10 foot contour intervals, to make to put the the geology on and that base map controls really the accuracy of where the contacts are.

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jrstone: As you draw them on on a map, you have to draw to the to that base now and so that's worked pretty well and why we think we've done a really good job and mapping.

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jrstone: In Connecticut and Massachusetts over those years and we've had good developed good geologic models of deposition environments and and models of how the ice retreated.

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jrstone: And so we're pretty confident that we have really good maps, but just a few years back, the high resolution i'm not talking about.

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jrstone: You know plain old simple lidar but the high resolution lidar that we have now has just revolutionized the the basically the base mail, so we have something that is far more accurate and far more detailed and so, while our contacts i'm of.

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jrstone: Of what where there's glacial meltwater deposits, for instance, our tech are fairly right and look fine on a on a TELCO base now, but when you look at them on lidar you realize that you've got to move them.

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jrstone: Just a little bit because you can see exactly where that breaking slope is and it's it's accurately placed on the earth's surface, so this slide are is truly a revolutionary technique, to be able to make much better.

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jrstone: Sufficient superficial geologic maps so.

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jrstone: While that's a great thing, I think, in some ways it's it's slowed us down because we we sort of feel like we have to go back and maybe draw every line over again.

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jrstone: So that's what i've been doing.

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jrstone: That great well.

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William Ouimet: Thanks thanks Janet and really you know it's not surprising that you'll see that there's a wide range of applications of lidar and we're only going to touch on some of them today.

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William Ouimet: But you know we're happy to share our expertise in that regard Okay, so I also don't want too much time to go past about doing some special thanks, so a number of my graduate students, current and past were really instrumental and.

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William Ouimet: So much of the background research leading up to this workshop, and then the physical preparation for it.

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William Ouimet: So I just want to do give special acknowledgement to a few folks here some which are in the room today as as participants, but it really couldn't be done without without their help.

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William Ouimet: And you know what i've found amazing about.

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William Ouimet: about my academic my work is that is i'm surrounded by a great community of people who are really invested in what we're doing, and in this, in this case we're invested in and making resources for the Community to benefit all, and so I really appreciate their effort here to help us.

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William Ouimet: communicate and to share this knowledge with everyone so thanks again G Sam Kate and Andy.

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William Ouimet: Okay, so little bit nuts and bolts, I tried to communicate in and share as many things with you up until this point and so.

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William Ouimet: What I want to emphasize is that we have a schedule of events we have a lot to accomplish.

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William Ouimet: we're going to do the best that we can with the time that we have we're already behind schedule, because of my staff food but also, I wanted to give time to kind of.

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William Ouimet: Let everyone introduce themselves so we're going to be making our way through this this this particular schedule of events, the just was that, essentially, that we have three chunks or three sections of the workshop.

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William Ouimet: First, was just talking about lidar data visualization and limitations and then, once we're kind of armed with that with that background really launched into two major efforts that.

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William Ouimet: You know, myself and Janet have been part of over over our recent recent research and that's kind of mapping historic land use features and then also updating and refinement of returning geological maps.

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William Ouimet: So each section has a little bit of it has some slides and some material to convey each section has an exercise or something to do.

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William Ouimet: In many ways we don't have enough time to do all of these things thoroughly.

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William Ouimet: we're going to do the best we can, with the time that we have, but I was, I was adamant that we get everything up on on the Google drive so that it's a resource for you, regardless of how far we make it.

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William Ouimet: And so I really want want you to feel as you can use these resources moving forward, whether or not we spend the full amount of enriching time today today during during the during the event so um I guess said.

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William Ouimet: there's a public Google drive folder that's companion to that, hopefully, everyone has the links and can go in there without a problem, I made it actually open to the full public so anybody with the link.

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William Ouimet: You don't need a gmail account to access it hopefully if you're having issues with it, please let me know I kind of linked the the folders with.

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William Ouimet: With the news, you can see the column there in the schedule that kind of highlights which folder used to be looking for which.

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William Ouimet: Which part of the schedule of events that last folder was me get a little bit carried away last night, realizing that I couldn't spend time showing you pretty images of lidar all day.

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William Ouimet: So I put a little folder that just kind of allowed me to pop some more interesting line our graphics I would love it if if anyone else wants to contribute just fun and interesting lighter.

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William Ouimet: lighter images things that they've seen around the region or may be curious and not know for sure what it is maybe we can we can kind of crowd source of here and get some expertise from from from the group at.

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William Ouimet: Large Okay, so that that's that's the that's the nuts and bolts from a schedule events, now the the nuts and bolts from a software perspective.

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William Ouimet: So you know, in an ideal world, we might have been in a computer lab somewhere somewhere at a conference Center all with laptops and we'd all have access to GIs software in front of us, and I would have made that a requirement.

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William Ouimet: managing this as a virtual workshop we went away from that and so what we did is we invested a lot of time and developing viewers and web Apps through our GIs online.

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William Ouimet: And this is a great new resource and it's pretty slick it's not as clunky as it used to be in terms of.

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William Ouimet: Data data issues and kind of viewing issues and so these these allow us to kind of add a whole bunch of data.

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William Ouimet: stream over various servers and then some nice widgets for allowing you to manipulate these these particular data sets within within the arch is online interface Okay, and so we have some setup for for for today.

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William Ouimet: And I should say the links the easiest way to access the link.

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William Ouimet: Is by going into the files on Google drive, but if anybody wants to kind of get ahead of me and just put the link in the chat you're welcome to do so.

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William Ouimet: And that was one thing I was going to address, but if I if I got here in time so.

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William Ouimet: You know, and you can open these at a time, while while i'm lecturing or in the exercises feel free to browse around and explore that's part of the beauty, the beauty of lidar exploring.

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William Ouimet: letting your curiosity get the better view and finding new and interesting features and begin to understand and interpret what you're looking at.

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William Ouimet: So, the main one that has to do with both modules both mapping modules is this kind of the main archie is web APP it's got a whole bunch of.

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William Ouimet: base map data and some focus areas free to zoom in and focusing on I will draw your attention to those in the coming in the coming hours.

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William Ouimet: The other one is we actually have a point cloud viewer so a lot, a lot of you, in your introduction wanting to know more about the data itself and how to manipulate it.

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William Ouimet: That does involve software in software that we don't have time to do, step by step instructions so.

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William Ouimet: We do a little bit of both I give you some resources and some tutorials that I won't have time to cover, but I also ended but.

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William Ouimet: We also will play with the with the point phone so that anybody can manipulate the point, regardless of their software background Okay, because this will work today and it will allow you to manipulate some for examples of point clouds that we have.

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William Ouimet: ready for that ready for you So these are the two main viewers that you'll manipulate today for the exercises but i've also wanted one to draw your attention to some some public.

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William Ouimet: kind of crowd source mapping initiatives that my group has going that has to do with historic land use features.

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William Ouimet: One is for stone walls and the other one is relic charcoal hearts you'll hear more about these in the upcoming.

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William Ouimet: And the upcoming modules, but these are these are Community based mapping modules you can literally log on to browse around turn layers on and off and contribute your own shape files and once you do that, that becomes part of the collective Community group.

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William Ouimet: New Hampshire rick chrome and has done this as well and there's a great stonewall map of the State of New Hampshire as well, so that, so there is there's no software requirement for today, you can do everything in these matters.

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William Ouimet: And and but I will say there's limitations so So if you are familiar with GIs and you're used to making your own shape file saving them near computers that's not really the mode that we're using today.

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William Ouimet: there's links to all places where the data, the data can be downloaded in the documentation so.

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William Ouimet: You should be able to reconstruct the same exact viewers with the viewers and the file links I provide for you in the files, but that's just not the mode that we're going to use we're going to use today okay.

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William Ouimet: And like I said i'm happy to entertain questions about that it's quite possible, if you don't know how to do something, and one of your software packages that we have thought of it.

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William Ouimet: Somehow i'm happy to contribute and share it share that information okay all right, so that that's the background OK, so now, so now, what I want to do is, I want to launch into.

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William Ouimet: Basically, an introduction to lidar and then get into those those data those data details and in our and if everything was on schedule.

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William Ouimet: We done with this portion in 15 minutes that's not going to be the case we'll catch up catch up down the road okay.

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William Ouimet: So, like like well I like to be motivated like we've already said, you know, we really are are very appreciative of what we're calling this lidar revolution.

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William Ouimet: Where it's it's a fundamental transformation of our ability to visualize the earth's surface at at really subset said meter and sub meter resolution.

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William Ouimet: And I think something i've talked about this, like the first time, you can look at a map and it comes close to what you can see, on the on the ground walking around.

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William Ouimet: there's that level of morphologic kind of nuanced kind of in the data, of course, with the advantage of being able to zoom out immediately.

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William Ouimet: have broader context, so you can go, you can go map kind of map scale regional scale all the way down to what is almost a kind of field field scale okay.

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William Ouimet: And there's all kinds of applications, you know whether you're interested in just archaeological applications or or applications that have to do with flood mapping.

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William Ouimet: Is there's a very important piece of lighter revolution there, and you also have it with natural land forms and so we're going to talk about.

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William Ouimet: Land for mapping a lot today and so you'll see you'll see more of these, but this is what we mean it doesn't matter where you are on your surface, you can imagine, using lidar quite significantly.

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William Ouimet: To enhance your understanding of that surface and you know it's getting close to being able to do the do similar things on other planetary box okay now it's not only a.

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William Ouimet: revolution in ability to see things visualize it's also really an revolution and data access and coverage and availability and this is just one example.

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William Ouimet: Of a website distributing lidar and information about lidar data sets this is open topography showing all of the US Interagency lidar inventory coverage.

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William Ouimet: On the on the left and then the that data, which means usgs three def specifications in the lower right Okay, and so what you're seeing here is a mosaic.

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William Ouimet: Of lidar data sets it really picks up in the last 10 years and in some places on the in the US, we have three four even five.

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William Ouimet: Different lidar campaigns, particularly for areas of the coast, where we have coastal hazards and those of us not myself but researchers who have their own devices.

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William Ouimet: Drug drone based lidar where that they actually deploy they can they can do drone a drone survey every week, if they want to okay and they're in there are companies that they're transforming this monitoring farm fields.

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William Ouimet: Is an application that you see you see people that actually are paying for people to fly lidar consistently over their crop fields.

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William Ouimet: So this is really a part of a revolution in the data is everywhere, and this in this is what you see for the coverage for for the Community and any researcher or any State Agency who wants to use potential data.

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William Ouimet: For their area can can go here now, this admittedly is focused on on on North America us, in particular, but other countries.

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William Ouimet: have similar have similar websites and ways to kind of access that data that it as well.

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William Ouimet: Now just stepping back it's really not just a lidar revolution, it really is a revolution and high resolution typography.

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William Ouimet: And there are other technologies out there, that really can do similar things so we talked about lidar.

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William Ouimet: We talked about as airborne lidar acquiring doing the scanning from an airplane or a helicopter or a drone we also have terrestrial lidar, which is the server.

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William Ouimet: surveying basically from a total station or a tripod type type setup and then you also have structure for motion.

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William Ouimet: Which is basically a photograph symmetry particularly with drones have the ability, also to create point clouds.

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William Ouimet: And so, whether you're scanning with a lighter with a laser sensor or you're actually creating point clouds from sucker promotion.

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William Ouimet: You have the ability to derive a bear earth or a ground based a DM that is potentially a very, very high resolution for all kinds of surface mapping and applications and so.

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William Ouimet: there's a lot of interesting geoscience applications, you see a list of them here on the right.

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William Ouimet: There are numerous papers probably written on each one that you know, Google these and lidar and you will see people studying processes related to it to any one of these.

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William Ouimet: These mechanisms and the change detection comes from having more than one high resolution data set, and so you can see those see those applications pretty clearly manifesting itself in the.

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William Ouimet: In the literature, do we don't have time to cover all this today, we are focused largely on airborne lidar that the scanning.

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William Ouimet: The development of point clouds from the bellies of airplanes and helicopters are covering larger areas.

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William Ouimet: When you cover larger area you typically have a little bit lower lower point spacing and so some of these other data sets that you see out there.

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William Ouimet: drone based lidar but also trust you a lighter has the has the ability to do you know hundreds of points per square meter.

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William Ouimet: Or it really in that and that's a different level of data data processing and ability to image image certain things Okay, and so we're going to be we're going to kind of be largely in this airborne.

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William Ouimet: airborne lidar world today, largely on the order of one to five points per square meter allowing you to make you know half to two meter dms pretty easily and pretty pretty reliably okay.

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William Ouimet: But, but this is where this is where the revolution really is it's more than just lidar.

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William Ouimet: In the US, this is in you hear about lidar to with self driving cars now right this technology this laser scanning is it goes beyond just applications of earth's surface processes.

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William Ouimet: In mapping we don't have time to cover all that technology and i'm not intending to get into those details details today.

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William Ouimet: Okay, and so pick your area i'm sure we've all seen an image like this i'll do it for Connecticut where you know we can always we always like to the way life used to be.

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William Ouimet: With usgs topographic maps, you know prior to prior to the early 2000s, and then, and then the addition of lidar.

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William Ouimet: Immediately allows allows you to see so much more high scale morphology and i've highlighted an area here which allows you to see a network of stone walls and building foundations that have to do with.

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William Ouimet: Human modification of northeastern landscape.

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William Ouimet: Over the last two or 300 years, and so we go from a hill shade lidar from the needy, which basically barely makes out that rich Maybe you can make out some some orientation of some some bedrock fractures to the ability to see as.

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William Ouimet: Much margin high resolution features all roads individual boulders probably sticking out above above this above the surface okay and and just for the for the time being, if we go beyond lidar into that.

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William Ouimet: Point cloud from DM stereo photo world we get even we get even higher resolution, so this is a sequence put together my Peter leach of a.

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William Ouimet: cemetery in Lebanon, where where the middle is the lidar that will talk about today, the airborne lidar the typical for the region versus the kind of D and then you can generate for a cemetery.

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William Ouimet: At 27 and even 10 centimeter resolution okay that kind of process only really works if there's no trees and so lighter will always have an advantage over this kind of analysis, because.

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William Ouimet: The the point clouds a lot and laser scanning penetrates the tree canopy in a way that really allows us to to see that that bears bears that wouldn't happen with drone based aerial photograph imagery.

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William Ouimet: In force a train okay so that's kind of where we are okay So hopefully that the revolution is clear, and there are lots of great visuals and examples of features out there.

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William Ouimet: I found this this particular story map leading up to this workshop and I had to show some of the images because they're just so cool, so this is Washington state Washington state geological survey.

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William Ouimet: Where they put they put a graphic designer on this, they have some beautiful images, I put a link for this.

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William Ouimet: In in one of the documents and so just kind of scrolling through here, these are some landslides not too far from the also also complex from from a few years back, and so landslide mapping is a bit is a big one.

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William Ouimet: For a long time fault scarves what was driving a lot of the data early on, was scanning.

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William Ouimet: Basically, the eastern California shear zone out West looking for false carbs associated with defamation in the eastern California region.

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William Ouimet: And so great examples of fault scarper using lidar to kind of find and recover false carps This is just one that just blows my mind this, these are lava flows.

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William Ouimet: From not recent but but enough that they're actually not vegetated by by him.

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William Ouimet: And covered with trees, so that you can really see that that refined morphology of these individual lobes of lava flows, you can do this for the recent eruptions in.

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William Ouimet: Hawaii as well that was flown for lidar soon after soon after the eruption river processes rivers in general, so this is just the network of a braided.

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William Ouimet: meandering system that has all kinds of MIT you know mid mid channel bars, but also flood flood plain channels that really are highlighting the morphology and evolution of an active record or bedrock geology, this is just a place where.

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William Ouimet: Highly deformed sediments in the in the coastal sorry and the and the convergence zone of the of the Pacific Arc here.

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William Ouimet: You got cooking you can map out the orientation of some of these rocks pretty pretty well just by looking at the morphology of the Rock orientation.

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William Ouimet: And, of course, artificial geology and we'll touch on this of course throughout the course of today.

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William Ouimet: This these are examples are from out West and they had this really nice visual of just kind of highlighting the connection between some of these classic land forms that.

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William Ouimet: We literally see textbook examples of the morphology that we've been drawing in textbooks forever now beautifully expressed in the in the lidar.

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William Ouimet: These examples are are from Washington state but you're going to see similar examples over the course of the today, and when we when we think about the Northeast Okay, and of course the urban, suburban.

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William Ouimet: landscape as well, which is, which is a little bit of a different type of application, but still very important in terms of the data that that's acquired and shared.

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William Ouimet: For these particular these particular landscapes OK, and then so that's That was all out West largely but just kind of bring it closer to home.

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William Ouimet: So that the two main sections of the of the workshop today that have to do with mapping have to do with historic man use features.

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William Ouimet: And so here's just another example of that connection between what is revealed underneath the forest canopy.

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William Ouimet: When you can scan the landscape and penetrate the top most tree canopy and down into the earth and, of course, you see a network.

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William Ouimet: of land use activities, and so I caught I, I will focus on mapping historic land use features and what I really mean by that in our stone walls and and other things that tell us where humans were.

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William Ouimet: farmstead in our they were using the land for agricultural activities associated with de force the early deforestation of.

333
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William Ouimet: This this region Okay, and of course Janet will also will spend for her segment after lunch we're really focused in on.

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William Ouimet: This official geology applications and here's that here's just will show this image will talk about this image later in in in in within the connector valley kind of glacial lake bottom morphology where you see.

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William Ouimet: Many, many high resolution features that that wouldn't have been known for a long time, but i've now been able to visualize that some at such greater level okay so we'll talk more about this.

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William Ouimet: Over the course of over the course of today so some of the some of the big overview points I would make about lidar these aren't complicated, but I think it's important to talk about is that remember that lidar is just a snapshot in time and it's really.

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William Ouimet: My students and I like to call it.

338
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William Ouimet: A landscape palimpsest it really reflects all of the change of that land surface morphology up until the point that that lidar is required.

339
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William Ouimet: And so, certainly if you pick areas that are actually being modified significantly by human activities, whether it's an active.

340
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William Ouimet: marvel Korean canaan Connecticut or you know the the the highway excavation associated with route six and romantic you know some decades ago now.

341
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William Ouimet: You see, you see those imprints and those manipulations and those modifications to the bedrock geology but also.

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William Ouimet: The superficial geology reflected in the lidar Okay, and so you always need to have this lens of what am I looking at what would timescale, a modification of from all the way from the basically the initial bedrock.

343
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William Ouimet: Through the surface of geology and Akrotiri history, all the way into the anthropogenic modifications.

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William Ouimet: That begin, you know, in the Paleo time all the way through the anthropocene time and nowadays Okay, and then what example I like to show that really highlights is nicely is is from from Connecticut but here, you see.

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William Ouimet: Basically, in a long gate bridge which is probably which was modified by glacial.

346
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William Ouimet: glacial deposition in erosion that had a beautiful network of stone walls kind of built built on top of it and there's a there's a building foundation, and then you have the over print of a.

347
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William Ouimet: Connecticut national golf course Okay, so you can see that the three very different distinct clears the layers of time.

348
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William Ouimet: That are reflected in the lidar and depending on where you look you're going to see an overpayment of one.

349
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William Ouimet: versus the other, so this is important because, because when we go when we start wanting to interpret what we see on the land surface, we often.

350
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William Ouimet: We often see all of these aspects of the topography from the older all the way to more recent and so it's important to have this notion of.

351
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William Ouimet: Of layers of time, as you look at the lidar and some features will be large enough and the morphology is significant enough that that.

352
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William Ouimet: It won't be impacted significantly by human activity, but other features will be small enough and there'll be very sensitive.

353
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William Ouimet: to other modifications and so there's there's always going to be this relationship between human modifications.

354
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William Ouimet: The future you're interested in and then and then and then, when the lidar was flown Okay, so that that's just an overview point i'd like to make an emphasize early early on okay.

355
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William Ouimet: So Okay, then we're going to switch gears now to actually thinking about the the lidar data it's downloading visualizations and limitations okay and there's a lot here.

356
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William Ouimet: Some of you have so version of this introduction before i'm going to try to try to cover a lot of ground here, but again, focusing in getting getting to the point, really, of how we can use lidar.

357
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William Ouimet: As matters, so how to download it and how to work with it in various GIs software packages.

358
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William Ouimet: And then in and always to understand a little bit about the limitations which go back to understanding how the data is acquired, to begin with okay.

359
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William Ouimet: So to to visuals here one Just to give you a sense of of this, these are a system of a scanner with with with GPS technology.

360
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William Ouimet: And there's a lot of work that goes into accuracy issues that have to do with knowing you know base station locations, at the same time that you have very precise.

361
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William Ouimet: understanding of where of where the scanner is on the on the on the movie airplane or helicopter and then tied into.

362
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William Ouimet: Basically, a laser scanner on the belly on the bottom of that of that aerial device Okay, and so it's really a system, and you know we don't have time to get into all of the.

363
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William Ouimet: The error of the error side of things, and the error analysis but that comes with the precision of GPS, in some instances when you see a root means squared error from a lot of these data sets when they get published it's really just about how good they are at.

364
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William Ouimet: matching the true GPS of X, Y amp Z Okay, and so the end so that and again if you if you know anything about that they can't.

365
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William Ouimet: They don't do that everywhere, they have some number of GPS points 10s to hundreds that tie in to a point cloud of billions point of billions of points and so it's always tied into those type points.

366
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William Ouimet: Which again are put down and places where there is high accuracy of GPS right so and so that's going to be very different when we're in a dense kind of forest canopy so there's always going to be some disconnect between.

367
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William Ouimet: The error that that the the company publishes versus the the true error of the point cloud, which has more uncertainty associated with it, OK.

368
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William Ouimet: So the way this works, so that we're all on the same page is that we essentially have a laser scanning scanner scanner hitting all kinds of objects beneath beneath the scanner.

369
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William Ouimet: And it's returning multiple return times laser point of points that are basically hitting everything in its path.

370
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William Ouimet: If a bird flies in the scanner it sees the bird the tops of the trees individual.

371
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William Ouimet: aspects of the of the vegetation a structure of branches a tree trunks all the way down to what is actually at the ground surface Okay, and so you end up with a point cloud of data, not just.

372
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William Ouimet: A points for the for the for the ground, but you have the ability to understand and work with the rest of the of the of the point cloud if you if you so choose okay.

373
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William Ouimet: So it really is a three dimensional cloud most typically it's collected in the near infrared part of the spectrum, which helps.

374
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William Ouimet: When it has to do with with vegetation it's also why we find this data in the spring, apart, partly because when there's less less leaves on the tree, we can take advantage of the near infrared spectrum.

375
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William Ouimet: to penetrate pen penetrate the tree canopy but because it's near infrared it doesn't that doesn't penetrate water, and it does not return.

376
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William Ouimet: laser points from watermarks and so you'll always see data holes where there's water.

377
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William Ouimet: Now there are some new lidar technologies there's green light lidar which does penetrate shallow water, and you can actually do the symmetry.

378
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William Ouimet: of water bodies with from airborne lidar but with green light green light lidar that's not as common but you do see applications of it.

379
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William Ouimet: In the area Okay, so the most one of the most important points, I will emphasize today is that is understanding that that that lidar data is actually a point, a point cloud.

380
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William Ouimet: And we derive a DM from that after after a number of steps, chief among them is classifying that point cloud.

381
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William Ouimet: and isolating the points that are defined as the ground or the bear earth as it's called Okay, and in most very, very few people.

382
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William Ouimet: get to the level of actually manipulating that cloud and classifying the data themselves if you have some experience with terrestrial lidar.

383
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William Ouimet: And cook it yourself, you will you will appreciate that that this idea that a lot of the time with airborne lidar it's flown by companies.

384
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William Ouimet: With a whole number of remote sensing specialists and an algorithms at their at their ready to process and classify the point cloud very sophisticated, this is a whole kind of Rule set.

385
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William Ouimet: That goes into how the point cloud is classified and ensuring that an accuracy issues associated with with that classification, we don't have time to go into that and I hope nobody has to get that deep.

386
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William Ouimet: Again, if you if you've ever had to deal with your own white clouds, you will have to think about this, because you will need to classify points of some type.

387
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William Ouimet: To be able to manipulate them, I can point you to some software packages if you're interested in that.

388
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William Ouimet: las tools is the best one that I know of that allows you to take a point card and kind of change classification and re manipulate classifications of as part of the of the lidar processing.

389
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William Ouimet: But from this from from the processing and the classification of the point cloud comes some number of ground classified points, and so what you see here on the lower left is an example in one area.

390
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William Ouimet: Of a density of a dense network of points that are classified as ground.

391
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William Ouimet: And they are not uniformly distributed and but, but what we do anyways is we interpolate a DM through all those points.

392
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William Ouimet: At a regularly spaced cell size and so when you when whenever you've seen a one meter DM lidar DM that is coming from a point cloud.

393
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William Ouimet: That technically has some degree of spatial variation in in point spacing and you're averaging out all of that spatial variation when you choose one cell size one meter Okay, then we then derive all of our all those great.

394
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William Ouimet: lidar derivatives, the hillside maps the slope maps all of the other all the other.

395
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William Ouimet: visualization that you might choose to do it to do with that come from the DM which is derived from the point cloud, so this progression is important.

396
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William Ouimet: And you want to understand when you're looking at a hill shape that it's gone through these steps to get to that point.

397
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William Ouimet: The how is classified possibly some issues with classification and then just what what happens to be the distribution of ground around classified points.

398
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William Ouimet: The D and that's derived from it, and then, and then, then, then, that the derivative I call the lidar derivatives.

399
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William Ouimet: Or the DM derivatives and that's what we mean by the hill shades the slope maps the curvature the relief maps whatever you want to make from that individual individual D.

400
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William Ouimet: Okay, so these are just some examples of profiles and not surprisingly, depending on where you are you're going to see different different aspects in these profiles.

401
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William Ouimet: But you can begin to see like the green those green points are the first return, and so, if you have no trees, the first return will be the tops of the tops of buildings, but in some places there's trees Overhanging building so that.

402
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William Ouimet: The upper left it kind of house has yellow points which are secondary or secondary points that were.

403
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William Ouimet: That hit the roof of the House after hit the tree canopy so there's there's all complicated aspects to defining those kind of intermediate points.

404
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William Ouimet: The tops of houses, for instance, are not always the first return that is Contrast that with a valley that may have just a couple brush.

405
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William Ouimet: Some shrubs in it versus some wider fields, and you can see the kind of like the quality of the variation in that point that really reflects what is exposed at the land surface whether it's forest or struck or fields or individual or individual.

406
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William Ouimet: Houses what have you and you can see that in a forest can be that the last return tends to be those red, orange and yellow points.

407
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William Ouimet: But in an open field and the bottom, the first and last return is the land surface it's the actual field field itself.

408
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William Ouimet: just looking in 3D now it just again this sense of just these really are point clouds.

409
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William Ouimet: And their three dimensional things and part of the exercise is to get you a little bit of experience kind of manipulating these point clouds kind of panning around and gain some perspective view here.

410
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William Ouimet: On this particular one is also meant to highlight that you can kind of see the ground surface there, and there is some variation and your ability to visualize the ground surface that's that that's depicted in this in this.

411
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William Ouimet: This particular point cloud the color scheme here is return, where one of the first return, and then the the reds and the fours and fives are the last are the are the fourth and fifth returns.

412
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William Ouimet: depend on the lidar scanner and just how the technology that's at play here, you may have only a couple.

413
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William Ouimet: Of returns, or you may have many more depend on the technology okay same thing now, but this is more, the more common way that you'll look at it, as it pertains to to making DM all the points that get defined as ground and blue versus everything that's unassigned.

414
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William Ouimet: And everything that's that's considered water Okay, and that that and so those three main classes are what I will emphasize with the exercise kind of panning around and seeing the variation.

415
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William Ouimet: that exists within those main to classification classification schemes okay alright, so when this data.

416
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William Ouimet: You can use both the first return and the ground points to make surface rosters Okay, and so the most common ones that you that people make are, of course, the bear earth DM which is just the ground classified points.

417
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William Ouimet: The other one is the first return raster which, if it's if it's all forest, it is also called the canopy model it's basically a surface or raster surface.

418
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William Ouimet: That can be one meter resolution, just like the DM That just shows you the morphology of the top of that can't be the first return it would It would also show the tops of buildings.

419
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William Ouimet: If there were buildings in the scene as well Okay, and so what you see on the left is the bearer vm and on the right is.

420
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William Ouimet: Looking at a combination of both bear earth and the canopy model kind of super impose a nice three dimensional three dimensional sense okay So these are the two main.

421
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William Ouimet: So, so I think I think if you want to get dig deeper and start to make your own vm These are the kinds of vm to to probably most commonly make, and if this was a ecological conference or a forest.

422
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William Ouimet: People who are a group of foresters we might really care about the structure of that forest can be understanding that raster as a good reflection of biomass or have some.

423
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William Ouimet: understanding of forest growth regrow a healthy for us, these are all things that you could possibly do.

424
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William Ouimet: With those canopy models that we don't have we were not going to focus on today because we're geologists who want to know about the bear with morphology.

425
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William Ouimet: Okay alright, so now getting into working with lidar data, so I want to emphasize, because I think that this summary is kind of where most people in this works.

426
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William Ouimet: Where where your head is that and I want to provide some context for all three of these Okay, so the idea here is, is that you know.

427
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William Ouimet: How do you want to work with the lidar do you want to work with the.

428
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William Ouimet: The the raw point cloud yourself, do you want to do those three dimensional visualizations actually begin to query and understand the quality of those ground points and also make your own DNS and the kind of flexibility that comes along with making your own DNS.

429
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William Ouimet: Do you want to work or solely work with process lidar DM tiles This is where the company that is distributing the data will also do.

430
01:00:08.380 --> 01:00:14.800
William Ouimet: kind of like lidar DM processing for all all the data that they're publishing.

431
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William Ouimet: And this often comes with hydro flattening and i'll talk about what that means and that's that's a pretty important step because hydro flattening if you are a hydrologist.

432
01:00:22.690 --> 01:00:31.420
William Ouimet: or a flu geomorphologist interested in river corridors they're important implications what hydro flattening actually means and has, for your your questions.

433
01:00:31.810 --> 01:00:43.150
William Ouimet: Or are you just want to stream as much data as you can as possible and use available image and map services from individual sources to really easily.

434
01:00:43.600 --> 01:00:51.760
William Ouimet: easily share and map around the earth's surface okay so i'm going to cover all these in detail, so the first one make your own DNS.

435
01:00:52.240 --> 01:01:00.580
William Ouimet: Okay, so this is where you go out and you download the data yourself okay and lots of different places to download the data to great kind of.

436
01:01:01.270 --> 01:01:07.060
William Ouimet: US us based ones open topography, which i've already shown you but also digital coast any data set that kind of touch.

437
01:01:07.540 --> 01:01:16.570
William Ouimet: The coastal realm or watersheds that that drain in the coast or state agencies such as CT ECO Emily wilson's efforts to really like I.

438
01:01:17.200 --> 01:01:24.880
William Ouimet: published the full statewide data set for the state of Connecticut Okay, so this is the part of we don't really have time to cover this because.

439
01:01:25.390 --> 01:01:33.460
William Ouimet: We don't have the ability to work with work with individual software packages, but the idea here is you download that the point cloud yourself.

440
01:01:33.820 --> 01:01:40.720
William Ouimet: You use some software package to visualize that point cloud, you can do an Arc map and I give you instructions for how to do that in the folder.

441
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William Ouimet: There are many other software packages surfers one that I know of that I know and i've used, but many other packages as well, some of them are free, some of them are proprietary, but there are ways to visualize that point cloud.

442
01:01:52.810 --> 01:01:56.980
William Ouimet: In those same software packages is also where you would make your own DNS okay.

443
01:01:57.310 --> 01:02:06.700
William Ouimet: And that's the whole point of the exercise that I make I give access to, but we don't have time to recover is if you're if you want to go from your own lidar tiles in to making your own DNS.

444
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William Ouimet: There there's a there's a tutorial there that allows you to go through that okay all right, in the short course materials okay now because it's pretty standard in those same.

445
01:02:20.290 --> 01:02:30.100
William Ouimet: interfaces where you can download the point five, you can often make your own DNA, so you can actually have digital close to make your make a DM for you, based on your premise same thing with open typography.

446
01:02:30.490 --> 01:02:40.210
William Ouimet: Where you where you, you understand a little bit about how it's made and allowing you to kind of manipulate an export a certain a certain a certain certain aspect and i'll cover those important parameters.

447
01:02:41.050 --> 01:02:49.000
William Ouimet: In a second okay so clearly, you have the only way you're ever going to see the point cloud data yourself is, if you go and download it yourself.

448
01:02:49.480 --> 01:02:55.240
William Ouimet: And so i've done that for you, for for examples in Canada, and that is the point of the exercise that we will hopefully get too.

449
01:02:55.600 --> 01:03:05.830
William Ouimet: Soon, and give you a little bit of flexibility and ability to look at a point of distribution to make to make some interpretations Okay, this is just a quick.

450
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William Ouimet: shout out to those individual.

451
01:03:09.370 --> 01:03:18.850
William Ouimet: places where you can download very easily download a point cloud data, this is digital coast, and you can see here like not all the same data is on here, that is, on is, on the other, image I showed.

452
01:03:19.090 --> 01:03:27.520
William Ouimet: A here's the example for open typography kind of zooming in zooming in and the way these work and they literally you zoom in you draw your your region of interest.

453
01:03:28.210 --> 01:03:35.200
William Ouimet: And it will it will allow you to which which data set do you want of because there may be more than one lidar data set.

454
01:03:36.070 --> 01:03:47.470
William Ouimet: And for this my recommendation would be working very small scales, because this data gets very large very quickly, so you do not want to even you will never download the point cloud have an entire dataset.

455
01:03:48.520 --> 01:04:00.040
William Ouimet: it's just too much data, which will probably get to the point of maybe a small watershed you know somewhere between five to 25 tiles is pretty manageable on most most computers, but the more the bigger the bigger you get.

456
01:04:00.580 --> 01:04:06.130
William Ouimet: The bigger the file size and that you know have millions and millions of points that are that are there indeed harder to process here.

457
01:04:06.640 --> 01:04:13.390
William Ouimet: So about those parameters this example i'm showing is from the digital digital coast interface when you go and download.

458
01:04:13.780 --> 01:04:20.530
William Ouimet: or trying to download the data from digital coast you, you can choose to download the las file, which is the raw lidar DM.

459
01:04:20.830 --> 01:04:28.330
William Ouimet: Or you can have them make the DM for you and there's two important parameters that tie in to the flexibility that I want to emphasize here.

460
01:04:28.780 --> 01:04:37.390
William Ouimet: One is the grid interpolation method and then there's also cell size so cell, and this is important so size is not a given for any of these.

461
01:04:38.230 --> 01:04:43.780
William Ouimet: What typically happens is based on the specifications of the ground point spacing somebody says.

462
01:04:44.410 --> 01:04:49.990
William Ouimet: We believe this is this that one meter dmz a reasonable for this data set because it meets these criteria.

463
01:04:50.470 --> 01:04:54.700
William Ouimet: Okay, nobody says, you have to work at a one meter DM for that data set, though.

464
01:04:55.090 --> 01:05:08.290
William Ouimet: Sometimes the point cloud is better and you could even we can even work at half meter if you want it sometimes the point cloud is lower is has more very more variable and so maybe a lower resolution is is is.

465
01:05:09.370 --> 01:05:21.040
William Ouimet: As relevant so here if you make your own DNS you do have more flexibility, and you can make your own you can make you can make your own you can choose your own cell size for that the export the export of the DM.

466
01:05:21.580 --> 01:05:25.990
William Ouimet: The other one is the grid interpolation minute remember this always goes back to interpolating points.

467
01:05:26.500 --> 01:05:35.140
William Ouimet: And there's different different ways to integrate what happens when you have 10 points within one within one meter pixel which is trying to be interpolated.

468
01:05:35.830 --> 01:05:41.980
William Ouimet: There are different methods for for averaging out those statistics, whether it's minimum maximum minimum.

469
01:05:42.760 --> 01:05:50.260
William Ouimet: itw or what have you, and so you can play with this and there are some reason to think minimum might be best because that takes the lowest.

470
01:05:50.650 --> 01:06:02.290
William Ouimet: The lowest point within that point that one square meter because that one's most likely to be true ground where some of the ones that are slightly higher could be shrubs or things that are sticking up above the land surface.

471
01:06:02.650 --> 01:06:09.670
William Ouimet: So there is a reason for some applications for fine scale feature mapping that you might want to use minimum.

472
01:06:10.030 --> 01:06:13.900
William Ouimet: The minimum method, because it's getting the lowest points that are available.

473
01:06:14.230 --> 01:06:21.610
William Ouimet: And again, this is when you have multiple points within one square meter or one cell size that that you choose Okay, so that that is important.

474
01:06:21.850 --> 01:06:29.890
William Ouimet: than I absolutely want to make sure that's clear, so I there's two different, this is the instructions for digital coast if anybody gets to the point of doing this.

475
01:06:30.370 --> 01:06:35.560
William Ouimet: In the Ark tutorial that I provide this is where you set the same parameters within within the Ark.

476
01:06:36.070 --> 01:06:44.620
William Ouimet: The Ark js atmosphere okay same idea you set the cell size and you set them how it's been in an averaging averaging the points okay So what does this.

477
01:06:45.010 --> 01:06:50.770
William Ouimet: So what does this, how does it relate to point space and quality, so not all our data sets are created equal.

478
01:06:51.430 --> 01:07:08.170
William Ouimet: This is just one way of looking at quality, this is the same network and patchwork network of lidar campaigns, where i'm trying to show you best available or highest resolution available lidar data, and so what you see here is a blue for this tip this what's called.

479
01:07:09.580 --> 01:07:13.960
William Ouimet: specification kewell to which meets the specifications of a minimum one meter D.

480
01:07:14.650 --> 01:07:24.520
William Ouimet: Whereas green meets a minimum Point five D M and yellow minimum of two two meter a DM and so that that you may have heard that before que El one, two and three.

481
01:07:24.940 --> 01:07:32.620
William Ouimet: That basically relates to the scanning quality of the data set and then ultimately what kind of a DM you can create from that from that data set okay.

482
01:07:33.070 --> 01:07:46.540
William Ouimet: So, going back to what cell size should you choose you know basic I would at a minimum want to understand what the base specifications for the data data set are and they do vary, and they have very through the years.

483
01:07:47.080 --> 01:07:53.110
William Ouimet: So that in 10 years ago the day since we're different than they are now in this kewell one, two and three.

484
01:07:54.520 --> 01:08:01.420
William Ouimet: specification and now it's much more relevant to more recent data sets we actually can't go back to the innocence are acquired in the early.

485
01:08:02.230 --> 01:08:14.350
William Ouimet: 2000s 10s and we can do equivalent of ul to but we don't we didn't there was the criteria didn't exist back then okay so so again, and this is again just focused on the Northeast.

486
01:08:14.830 --> 01:08:21.250
William Ouimet: The New England states and New England, because that's where I spend all my time, and this is not showing where there are multiple data sets.

487
01:08:22.180 --> 01:08:28.990
William Ouimet: per per campaign Okay, so what happens when you make different size dmc have the same point cloud well.

488
01:08:29.500 --> 01:08:37.300
William Ouimet: You get a more or less blurry image and here's just an example, some stone walls, a road in the Foundation and what happens when you take the same point cloud.

489
01:08:37.750 --> 01:08:49.540
William Ouimet: And and and interpreted different size deals from it Okay, and you can see how how this relates to the quality and this is the same image, but but showing you a little bit actually showing the point cloud.

490
01:08:50.920 --> 01:08:53.140
William Ouimet: In the lower right here, so you can kind of relate.

491
01:08:53.680 --> 01:09:01.030
William Ouimet: How how that how those pixels and the interpretations relate to the actual point cloud Okay, and you can see how to improve our profiles.

492
01:09:01.330 --> 01:09:08.500
William Ouimet: You know the principle of smoothing averaging will apply, so that the lower resolution that you choose the more blurry but also.

493
01:09:08.770 --> 01:09:15.460
William Ouimet: The more averaging out that you're doing in between pixels and therefore you're not how your edges aren't as sharp okay.

494
01:09:15.910 --> 01:09:24.040
William Ouimet: But, but this this also to me emphasizes that you know the half meet the half meter DM was good enough, and you can actually see.

495
01:09:24.490 --> 01:09:34.180
William Ouimet: You can see the individual seller walls essentially of that building foundation resolved, because there was no data points in the point conscious to show that OK so moving on to the second one.

496
01:09:35.410 --> 01:09:39.250
William Ouimet: He basically working with process lidar tiles So this is the idea that.

497
01:09:39.880 --> 01:09:45.880
William Ouimet: Many places make not don't necessarily make the lidar data, the point clouds available, but they may only make.

498
01:09:46.270 --> 01:09:56.050
William Ouimet: The DM tiles they're smaller they're easier to distribute so you'll see a lot of people just sharing individual or the ability to download individual tiles this example is from CT ECO.

499
01:09:56.710 --> 01:10:00.940
William Ouimet: town of mansfield or yukon is where i've downloaded all of the individual DM tiles.

500
01:10:01.360 --> 01:10:16.330
William Ouimet: And i've gone I mosaic my own do okay so basically now i'm i'm working with the data that was that was a distributed i'm no longer making my own DNS but i'm going along with whatever resolution, it was made from from the process of.

501
01:10:18.100 --> 01:10:23.320
William Ouimet: Publishing the data set Okay, and this, this is something that you, you might be more interested in doing.

502
01:10:23.650 --> 01:10:30.040
William Ouimet: Is that covering ground now why would you why would you go ahead and do this rather than stream, the data well i'll talk about that in a second but.

503
01:10:30.400 --> 01:10:41.890
William Ouimet: You do it whenever you have the data locally, you can do more analysis with it, so you have the ability to critically evaluate the topography run your own our toolbox algorithms on it.

504
01:10:42.970 --> 01:10:50.470
William Ouimet: With the data only if it's hosted locally that gets much harder if you're hosting it over over the server now the most important aspect about this data is that again.

505
01:10:51.100 --> 01:11:04.540
William Ouimet: Not only was the data classified, but it was also hydro flattens So this is the principle that you know they want they want the water to be flat, and they want rivers to be continuously downstream, and so what you see here are examples of.

506
01:11:05.560 --> 01:11:10.390
William Ouimet: What the what the hill shades look like after they've been hydro flattened on the left.

507
01:11:11.170 --> 01:11:21.520
William Ouimet: there's a river, but also there's a pond and then on the right, you see the before and after you see the DM that you would fit from the ground points, if you didn't hydro flatten versus the D and that that gets.

508
01:11:21.850 --> 01:11:30.250
William Ouimet: That gets interpolated when you do hydro five, so the way to do this, is that you, you draw a Polygon around the future, and then you force that that.

509
01:11:30.910 --> 01:11:38.500
William Ouimet: That Polygon to have all the same elevation so that when you interpolate it will be forced to interpolate a flat surface okay so.

510
01:11:38.800 --> 01:11:49.600
William Ouimet: So these technically become digital terrain models, when you do that, so if anyone's ever been interested about what a DM versus the dt em is a DM is what you generate just from the data that you have.

511
01:11:50.470 --> 01:11:59.890
William Ouimet: dt em is when you manipulate that data with with extra information and now it's a digital terrain model that incorporates the ground points but also brake lines are associating with.

512
01:12:00.340 --> 01:12:10.750
William Ouimet: With water bodies, and so you can see, you know it so i'm not sure how many times have you seen images like in the lower right where you know my river looks like that, as opposed to being flat and.

513
01:12:11.170 --> 01:12:15.760
William Ouimet: Imagine join a profile for that or you're thinking about river gradient if that was your DM.

514
01:12:16.150 --> 01:12:30.370
William Ouimet: If that we can that's going to be an issue that's your application Okay, so that that's that's an important part of that so not much more to say about that, because that leads into the next one, which is this notion of streaming lidar mosaics via image and map services.

515
01:12:31.810 --> 01:12:42.010
William Ouimet: just keep it on time here, so this is, this is what many people i'm sure have done, and this is where we take advantage of all the great work that's being done by GIs agencies around the country and the region.

516
01:12:42.460 --> 01:12:51.520
William Ouimet: Where they're publishing image and map services and they're publishing these data sets so that people can use them and to stream them into whatever web or js application that they have.

517
01:12:52.000 --> 01:12:57.700
William Ouimet: And there's some nuances and some differences here I don't need to go go into it too much, but not not everyone does it equally.

518
01:12:58.480 --> 01:13:08.590
William Ouimet: In some people make it easy to manipulate the derivative some people some agencies, make a little bit harder and I know we have we have somebody from maine who argued about how well the.

519
01:13:09.130 --> 01:13:21.880
William Ouimet: main data is viewable you know I really make a plug for all the region being very open and and and their data sharing, but sometimes you need to dig a little bit deeper and do a little bit more to get the Program.

520
01:13:22.480 --> 01:13:26.680
William Ouimet: To get the variable that you want so slope, is a good example, when I like slope a lot.

521
01:13:28.210 --> 01:13:36.400
William Ouimet: And for slope, you know not not all the agencies, give you slope, they give you the DM and the hill shade, but not the slope, so you need an extra step for manipulating.

522
01:13:36.880 --> 01:13:45.490
William Ouimet: Those image services for for publishing that those those slope maps but here's here's one example of seven states in the region and how they are distributed data.

523
01:13:46.330 --> 01:13:55.870
William Ouimet: And so many of you may have looked it looked at viewers, so this is connecticut's viewer anywhere on your on your iPhone iPad or on your laptop you can just go in.

524
01:13:56.290 --> 01:14:04.990
William Ouimet: You can hit this little button in the upper left here to to access your GPS location, and it goes, and it will show you where you are, and with that hill shade.

525
01:14:05.410 --> 01:14:14.410
William Ouimet: It gets so common, though, that you may have seen this and all kinds of other matters to like this is the the town of mansfield this is where I, this is my house right here are my property.

526
01:14:14.770 --> 01:14:20.860
William Ouimet: This becomes this it's one of the base map players as part of some other mapping initiative so lighter is permeating.

527
01:14:21.580 --> 01:14:31.210
William Ouimet: Is permeating much more than just the geoscience applications but it's becoming a standard base layer that you may you may see without even realizing that you're looking at the lidar.

528
01:14:31.630 --> 01:14:44.740
William Ouimet: Okay now getting back to the region so, so this is what you're I was able to do, and we can do from all of the regions of data sources so if you go ahead and skip ahead and the workshop and go to.

529
01:14:45.370 --> 01:14:51.490
William Ouimet: The original charcoal hearth mapper that's the one map right provide that has all of this data streamed in.

530
01:14:52.300 --> 01:14:59.380
William Ouimet: So this, this is the one I like this one, the best because you can go anywhere in the northeast and in these six six or seven states.

531
01:14:59.740 --> 01:15:06.010
William Ouimet: And browse around and look at land service morphology look at the hill shade, and in some cases, look look at the.

532
01:15:06.490 --> 01:15:13.510
William Ouimet: Look at the slope map and then, but when you look at the slope map you'll see Massachusetts is one of those States that it's harder to get that slope map.

533
01:15:14.020 --> 01:15:18.790
William Ouimet: Just because of how they have they have chosen to distribute their map and image an image surfaces okay.

534
01:15:19.210 --> 01:15:32.410
William Ouimet: So this, this is a really fun one So if you if you want to do this, go to this viewer you can go anywhere just pan around the whole region and have access to the the slope and the hill shade for for that region okay.

535
01:15:33.130 --> 01:15:38.320
William Ouimet: And this is part of the the work by my Grad student Jiangsu who's who's in attendance today.

536
01:15:38.590 --> 01:15:47.680
William Ouimet: really helping me bring all this together Okay, so that that that's a little bit about map services, so those three different ways that you that you might access there's visualizations.

537
01:15:48.460 --> 01:15:58.030
William Ouimet: That that are important to that important to emphasize here, we talked a lot about hill shades I like to do hill shades at two different sun angles, because I getting.

538
01:15:58.780 --> 01:16:04.240
William Ouimet: Basically, from the Northeast in the southeast sorry northeast Northwest two different aquarium orthogonal.

539
01:16:04.810 --> 01:16:11.080
William Ouimet: Sun angles, but there's also topographic slope, which I mentioned, but in the literature there's a lot more to people have talked about.

540
01:16:11.350 --> 01:16:20.890
William Ouimet: Things like openness and sky view factor and curvature as other examples of basically manipulations of dms and there, if you look if you dig closer.

541
01:16:21.370 --> 01:16:29.500
William Ouimet: they're basically derivatives of hill shaped like like sky view is like taking all eight hill shape hillside angles and averaging all of them out together.

542
01:16:29.830 --> 01:16:36.760
William Ouimet: And so, basically, it gives you a sense of just how open and exposed spark vs vs closed and confined.

543
01:16:37.210 --> 01:16:48.010
William Ouimet: And so there are different applications to this land, you know there's some nice papers on landslide mapping based on top graphic openness, because it really emphasizes that that type of graphic roughness aspect of it.

544
01:16:48.820 --> 01:16:53.770
William Ouimet: And so, this, so I do have to size, and this is one thing one extra step that you may not have done.

545
01:16:54.310 --> 01:17:05.200
William Ouimet: In your visualization of D of lidar is to this consider different hill shade angles, so this is the same scene, where the Northwest and the typical Northwest and the left and the North East on the right.

546
01:17:05.560 --> 01:17:09.820
William Ouimet: And you know it takes some time getting used to it because we're so used to that Northwest orientation of sun.

547
01:17:10.750 --> 01:17:17.260
William Ouimet: But you can kind of see certain features get accentuated differently, based on that son angle so that's one thing you'll see an all.

548
01:17:17.710 --> 01:17:26.050
William Ouimet: On all of my web maps that we've created is that you want the ability to manipulate the slope map, but also the the two different shape shows hill street angles.

549
01:17:26.650 --> 01:17:36.490
William Ouimet: And then, this is just a slightly different way in Arc you can you can things like Z factor and filtering which again is just taking the statistics of of the.

550
01:17:36.910 --> 01:17:44.350
William Ouimet: Of the raster that you see in front of you whether it's a hill shade or a slope map and then just trying to accentuate those statistics in a meaningful way so.

551
01:17:44.590 --> 01:17:54.340
William Ouimet: So you can kind of scale or play with the Center deviations those manipulations aren't standard, because you can usually change the parameters and art, but there are other ways to kind of highlight.

552
01:17:54.730 --> 01:18:03.880
William Ouimet: And accentuate the morphologic variation that is going to be inherent to a hill shade or or slope map okay so just got coming to coming to a conclusion now.

553
01:18:04.750 --> 01:18:14.380
William Ouimet: Just kind of some other cool visuals here so here's one one comparison of the same area in Massachusetts in western Massachusetts where we have both que El one.

554
01:18:14.950 --> 01:18:25.780
William Ouimet: Which is the necessary Q out to and q3 data secure three is the minimum two meter resolution and que El two is the minimum one meter resolution, and you can see.

555
01:18:26.470 --> 01:18:34.810
William Ouimet: The two different point clouds the hill shades that are derived from the DM it's made from those point clouds and you can kind of see not surprisingly there's essentially a blurry.

556
01:18:35.560 --> 01:18:44.740
William Ouimet: blurry and effect, overall, but as you as you try to narrow in your focus certain areas that they're certain small scale features that are not even picked up and one versus the other.

557
01:18:44.890 --> 01:18:49.060
William Ouimet: And so again, so how good you know so we'll talk about this today.

558
01:18:49.630 --> 01:18:57.400
William Ouimet: You know how what differences two universes one meter have for mapping land form is versus what does it have for mapping stone walls.

559
01:18:57.670 --> 01:19:06.970
William Ouimet: Well, the features are very different sizes so clearly it's more important for find scale feature mapping than it is for broader scale, when form land form mapping okay.

560
01:19:08.050 --> 01:19:12.100
William Ouimet: example in Connecticut where we have two different lidar data sets both were.

561
01:19:12.700 --> 01:19:19.510
William Ouimet: Have the equivalent of kewell to, so there are approximately one meter dmz there here's a slope map highlighting some stone walls.

562
01:19:19.960 --> 01:19:30.100
William Ouimet: And some charcoal hearts, and you can kind of see it just the sharpness just how much better that that data set is on the right and again it's the same they're both kewell to.

563
01:19:30.550 --> 01:19:39.820
William Ouimet: But, but if there are six years apart so slightly different scanning technology and different resulting point cloud different companies different processing algorithms.

564
01:19:40.240 --> 01:19:45.820
William Ouimet: These are the kinds of variations that you might have from data set data Center data set okay.

565
01:19:46.780 --> 01:19:53.110
William Ouimet: And just to kind of emphasize, you know so here this, these are charcoal heart and stone walls in a in a pretty higher higher.

566
01:19:53.710 --> 01:20:00.520
William Ouimet: Higher gradient higher stoke slope landscape here's the same thing in a lower slope landscape in williamstown Massachusetts.

567
01:20:00.850 --> 01:20:07.180
William Ouimet: Where again in the lower left hand corner, both you can hopefully make out some circular depressions are circular platforms that are charcoal horse.

568
01:20:07.630 --> 01:20:20.320
William Ouimet: But because it's a lower slope topography, the impact of one versus two meter is more significant and it's harder to see features in the low slow portion of typography when you have when you have that.

569
01:20:21.970 --> 01:20:30.910
William Ouimet: Basically variation in point cloud and point cloud space okay so i've been talking about limitations throughout just to summarize just to summarize them here.

570
01:20:31.510 --> 01:20:37.300
William Ouimet: You know this will launch very soon right into the exercise to get you to think about the point cloud a little bit.

571
01:20:37.990 --> 01:20:44.950
William Ouimet: But this notion that limitations and wide are not penetrating water because of the wavelength of energy that the scanners have.

572
01:20:45.610 --> 01:21:00.880
William Ouimet: But just importantly the impact of vegetation and time of year, so this is just the lower part portion here is something I will emphasize this is typical point cloud spacing in Connecticut when you have mixed forest type conifers.

573
01:21:01.960 --> 01:21:21.490
William Ouimet: versus deciduous trees and you can see depicted nicely just how variable those point clouds of points are as a function of the of the forest type because the forest type impacts, the point cloud and the ability to have many points on the ground surface okay and.

574
01:21:22.840 --> 01:21:31.390
William Ouimet: In this is always flown in the spring, for that reason to maximize coverage of the of the ground surface and penetrate that that deciduous tree canopy.

575
01:21:31.990 --> 01:21:36.130
William Ouimet: There are other sources of error that we don't really have time to talk about today, but you know if you're interested in.

576
01:21:36.820 --> 01:21:41.440
William Ouimet: You know you'll see that you'll see it in some of the data set you have like lines of higher density points.

577
01:21:41.710 --> 01:21:47.710
William Ouimet: And that's coming from the flight lines that the planes are flown in a certain direction and there's overlap on either side of the Cone.

578
01:21:48.130 --> 01:21:54.850
William Ouimet: So there's actually pieces of very high resolution data, because you have higher point spacing where the where those overlap, but there's also issues.

579
01:21:55.360 --> 01:22:06.400
William Ouimet: With co registering them and so some of the data sets will have lines that don't really make sense in the middle of the hill shade, but that it, but if you if you dig into the point cloud that's right where a seam is between two point like.

580
01:22:07.120 --> 01:22:20.500
William Ouimet: To to fight lines OK, and then so just so that so i'll end with this kind of emphasis on on this kind of variation So this is the same sequence looking at variation and ground point spacing from vegetation.

581
01:22:21.640 --> 01:22:28.090
William Ouimet: The Brown is the is the is the ground points and then you'll see the depiction on the arrow typography on the left.

582
01:22:28.390 --> 01:22:40.540
William Ouimet: And then the resultant DM and hill shade on the right, and you can hopefully see very clearly there's that tending and that weird interpolation impact if ever you've seen this by looking at the lidar you are looking at.

583
01:22:41.230 --> 01:22:48.940
William Ouimet: At very variable ground point spacing or quality variable quality and point spacing so always have that moving forward it's going to be pretty important.

584
01:22:49.690 --> 01:22:57.100
William Ouimet: just another example of the same feature here's the here's looking at one tile just what kind of variation are we talking about will.

585
01:22:57.940 --> 01:23:09.760
William Ouimet: Look, you know from anywhere from zero so this one was published it says, I think of one to four points per square meter nominal point spacing of point seven meters per per per point.

586
01:23:10.210 --> 01:23:22.000
William Ouimet: Right, but then, when you go to calculate this in one tile you see variation of all I have to chew on average right, and so this is just reflecting flight lines and variations and.

587
01:23:22.540 --> 01:23:31.690
William Ouimet: tree type but also various and water, too, because water leads to the low point spacing and when it comes to feature mapping that that variation may be pretty important and just.

588
01:23:32.170 --> 01:23:41.890
William Ouimet: Imagine yourself trying to delineate where the stone walls are in this image and having the having the the underlying point cloud be so variable that that the morphology is changing.

589
01:23:42.250 --> 01:23:51.370
William Ouimet: It but in the field, the features absolutely there and then ground meditation can also be an issue, so I have seen this a little bit as well to two different campaigns.

590
01:23:51.730 --> 01:23:56.530
William Ouimet: Both flown in the spring, but one was a little bit more understory.

591
01:23:57.430 --> 01:24:04.540
William Ouimet: vegetation than the other, a little bit more of an artifact of that basically that understory impacting the ground, the ground point.

592
01:24:04.840 --> 01:24:12.220
William Ouimet: And the delineation of those ground points okay basically that these shrubs and these these bushes aren't as thick enough to really allow for.

593
01:24:12.520 --> 01:24:21.310
William Ouimet: A lot of differentiation of the point cloud so you're going to see some some some some roughness that just may be related to that okay so last last overview slide here.

594
01:24:22.930 --> 01:24:29.500
William Ouimet: So know the progression hopefully i've talked about it and it's very clear to everyone know how there's variations and how to work with the data.

595
01:24:31.450 --> 01:24:35.590
William Ouimet: Hopefully, this has been a good overview of those different methods and those way to do that.

596
01:24:37.150 --> 01:24:45.070
William Ouimet: can't emphasize enough that quality does vary in so from this point forward, I think the qr one two verses three will be something that we all get exposed to.

597
01:24:45.700 --> 01:24:51.430
William Ouimet: But really what that just means it's about point spacing that has to do with a lot to let the lighter scanning.

598
01:24:51.820 --> 01:25:00.220
William Ouimet: And there's can be a lot of internal variation of point spacing do a variety of factors independent what you are mapping and how high resolution you want to go.

599
01:25:00.700 --> 01:25:07.540
William Ouimet: You may care more or less about that about that about that issue and then, if you ever get about to make your own DNS.

600
01:25:08.170 --> 01:25:22.210
William Ouimet: You will be able to set your own your own DNS resolution Okay, so that that was about 45 minutes for the lecture part it was a lot to cover, I know, but I wanted to cover because I thought it would be a great overview.

601
01:25:23.230 --> 01:25:33.460
William Ouimet: So what I want to do is switch gears so I want to where they want to do is what I would love to do is if everyone went ahead and kind of opened this point cloud or insert this this particular point cloud viewer.

602
01:25:33.850 --> 01:25:41.050
William Ouimet: In started to kind of play around with it, but I also will so some people can transition to just doing that.

603
01:25:41.560 --> 01:25:46.270
William Ouimet: And I think we can just transition to asking questions and discussion, right now, too, so we can kind of.

604
01:25:46.930 --> 01:25:54.880
William Ouimet: achieve both this particular assignment was not the next two are more like go spend some time mapping.

605
01:25:55.420 --> 01:26:08.830
William Ouimet: make some progress, get some feedback or that that's how the other to work this one's more of a of an explorer I have some prompting questions that have to do with this, so what I would do is I would open the viewer.

606
01:26:10.120 --> 01:26:13.330
William Ouimet: Make sure you understand how to how to browse around and use it a little bit.

607
01:26:14.530 --> 01:26:17.320
William Ouimet: And then begin to explore the three different.

608
01:26:18.400 --> 01:26:25.600
William Ouimet: The three different areas that I shared to you, and then I think, on the second page of the instructions in the folder.

609
01:26:25.870 --> 01:26:30.820
William Ouimet: have some have some prompt questions and they basically are those are my take home points.

610
01:26:31.090 --> 01:26:43.600
William Ouimet: And they do tie really nicely into what I just talked about so it's this part is like take some time to play with the data to explore it to kind of kind of solidify your understanding of the of the point cloud and how it might relate to making.

611
01:26:44.050 --> 01:27:02.110
William Ouimet: Making the items Okay, so if you're looking for this link go into the go into the files so in folder to there's a there's an exercise and instructions both PDF and document go ahead and open that open that up and on file copy this link in.

612
01:27:03.250 --> 01:27:05.860
William Ouimet: This is the beauty, I really hope this works.

613
01:27:06.940 --> 01:27:21.910
William Ouimet: we've tested this out, I had colleagues from around the country tested it out last night it's it's amazing how how good this is i'm really hoping hoping it will work well for us today okay so i'm going to stop talking there for a minute take a breather.

614
01:27:23.140 --> 01:27:30.250
William Ouimet: What I want to do is, if you don't if you don't want to be bothered and you just want to play go ahead and turn your volume down or even unmute yourself.

615
01:27:31.840 --> 01:27:34.990
William Ouimet: If you want to ask a question i'm going to i'm going to stop sharing.

616
01:27:36.610 --> 01:27:38.290
William Ouimet: And i'm going to go to the chat.

617
01:27:40.270 --> 01:27:49.540
William Ouimet: And so yeah so good, so people are chatting, which is good, I haven't seen any of that, so I would go ahead and raise your hand and or ask a question in the dialog box.

618
01:27:50.500 --> 01:27:58.990
William Ouimet: If you if you have questions or discussion points about the lectures otherwise maybe we can have a dig into didn't dig into the assignment a little bit.

619
01:27:59.260 --> 01:28:05.710
William Ouimet: And one thing I did not mention is that we did not, we did not use breakout rooms for this kind of stuff because they were too hard to manage.

620
01:28:06.310 --> 01:28:13.540
William Ouimet: So what I would prefer you to do is just manage your volume and you're muting to your desirability So if you want to.

621
01:28:13.960 --> 01:28:19.390
William Ouimet: play and have the volume, on the whole time and just listen to what everyone's talking about that's fine if you don't want to be distracted.

622
01:28:19.750 --> 01:28:28.960
William Ouimet: By minutia that someone might be asking about go ahead and mute yourself and then i'll put i'll put i'll put a chat or it'll be clear when we're on to the next, the next segment.

623
01:28:29.860 --> 01:28:37.060
William Ouimet: Okay, so and again we're a little behind schedule, but maybe I want to get going at at 11 and for the next part.

624
01:28:38.320 --> 01:28:46.030
William Ouimet: And so, so this but 21 minutes for for a little bit of exploration of these point clouds again there's nothing, do you don't have to hand anything in.

625
01:28:47.110 --> 01:28:52.180
William Ouimet: But I do want you to spend some time to kind of appreciate these point clouds a little bit, but.

626
01:28:53.530 --> 01:28:59.920
William Ouimet: So is the lecture available in the course content that lecture is available in the course content, you should see a PDF and folder number two.

627
01:29:00.640 --> 01:29:13.210
William Ouimet: Okay, so i'll just stop giving overview stuff now questions or comments are are welcome, either by raising your hand or chatting in and i'll let you guys explore the viewer Thank you very much.

628
01:29:19.450 --> 01:29:23.260
William Ouimet: yeah maddie said it's also being recorded that's great, so this is it's an archive of of what.

629
01:29:24.280 --> 01:29:30.250
William Ouimet: So i'm gonna i'm gonna go in and i'm going to turn my I mean i'd be looking directly at the screen now coming up my monitors to the left here but.

630
01:29:32.560 --> 01:29:33.160
William Ouimet: I am here.

631
01:29:39.400 --> 01:29:54.550
William Ouimet: So please do ask questions I know this is the hard part about this virtual format usually we're walking around the room, we can chat we can we can help each other it's a little bit trickier in this virtual format, but I do want to do the best that we can with the time that we have.

632
01:29:55.570 --> 01:29:57.820
William Ouimet: So i'm going to end the show there.

633
01:29:58.270 --> 01:29:59.230
Paul Olsen: I have a quick question.

634
01:29:59.530 --> 01:30:00.190
William Ouimet: yeah who's this.

635
01:30:00.550 --> 01:30:02.020
William Ouimet: wholesome PayPal.

636
01:30:02.350 --> 01:30:04.660
Paul Olsen: So i'm i'm in the viewer.

637
01:30:04.990 --> 01:30:09.250
Paul Olsen: Yet short court point cloud viewer and i'm looking at the rocky Hill and coin.

638
01:30:10.780 --> 01:30:16.330
Paul Olsen: And so i'm curious, can you change the direction of the hillside chaining.

639
01:30:17.320 --> 01:30:17.890
William Ouimet: Okay, so.

640
01:30:18.280 --> 01:30:20.080
William Ouimet: Okay, so which which which viewer are you in.

641
01:30:21.430 --> 01:30:26.380
Paul Olsen: northeast GSA 21 2021 lidar short course slash private.

642
01:30:26.590 --> 01:30:32.110
William Ouimet: Space you're in the main web map Okay, so at so in the layers on the Left yeah.

643
01:30:32.140 --> 01:30:43.150
William Ouimet: I give you both dms for the state of Connecticut there's so in the in the layers there should be a northeast Northwest look at our he'll shade and ne ne liner hill street you can't dynamic.

644
01:30:45.370 --> 01:30:48.910
Paul Olsen: I see Northwest but i'm not seeing north east.

645
01:30:49.120 --> 01:30:50.380
William Ouimet: Let me just let me just go.

646
01:30:50.590 --> 01:30:52.750
Paul Olsen: I can share my on maybe I can't share my screen.

647
01:30:53.680 --> 01:30:58.420
William Ouimet: Let me just go man, so the nom nom doing the managed 1000 different files, at a time.

648
01:30:58.420 --> 01:30:59.050
Paul Olsen: yeah I know.

649
01:31:00.130 --> 01:31:04.300
William Ouimet: So you are in your ear actually in the main, the main, the main one right.

650
01:31:04.750 --> 01:31:07.750
Paul Olsen: Right, so should I go to the one that that matty just sent.

651
01:31:08.530 --> 01:31:18.100
William Ouimet: Well, the one I just said is is the is the point cloud viewer which is that's typically a 3D web web APP the other one of your talk you're referring to is, it is a 2d want.

652
01:31:18.130 --> 01:31:19.870
Paul Olsen: To do is just to do yeah yeah.

653
01:31:25.150 --> 01:31:26.830
William Ouimet: So, again I don't.

654
01:31:29.920 --> 01:31:34.360
William Ouimet: i'm sure people will start we'll start complaining about how slow or fast, it is i'm not sure how it is for everyone.

655
01:31:34.390 --> 01:31:39.250
Paul Olsen: fast enough, I mean it takes a little while to come to full resolution but it's okay.

656
01:31:40.060 --> 01:31:42.580
William Ouimet: And yeah and I didn't I didn't mention this, but we all have.

657
01:31:43.240 --> 01:32:03.280
William Ouimet: That that map is all individual to us, we can banner pan around, but we are all accessing the same data so technically somewhere somebody processing the data over server quite quite fast okay so yeah so if, when I see the Northeast GSA 2021 letter short course may map away may web underneath.

658
01:32:04.270 --> 01:32:04.750
name.

659
01:32:05.950 --> 01:32:06.400
Paul Olsen: Sorry.

660
01:32:06.610 --> 01:32:08.110
Paul Olsen: i'm not seeing the main.

661
01:32:09.430 --> 01:32:10.420
Paul Olsen: main anything.

662
01:32:11.920 --> 01:32:14.500
Paul Olsen: I went to the link that was in your.

663
01:32:16.240 --> 01:32:16.930
Paul Olsen: text.

664
01:32:17.800 --> 01:32:19.360
William Ouimet: i'll copy the one i'm in.

665
01:32:19.420 --> 01:32:21.400
Paul Olsen: Right now, so that you okay thanks.

666
01:32:23.530 --> 01:32:24.490
Paul Olsen: just put it in the chat.

667
01:32:31.660 --> 01:32:42.040
William Ouimet: Right, so this is the one just state of Connecticut it has the coterie geology the bedrock geology the hill shade the slope map the strike in depth and and the slope so.

668
01:32:42.340 --> 01:32:43.540
Paul Olsen: Nothing is showing up.

669
01:32:44.170 --> 01:32:47.410
William Ouimet: yeah it takes it from for me it took a second for this to load.

670
01:32:47.800 --> 01:32:51.700
Paul Olsen: No i'm not i'm not getting any anything that no link in the chat or anything.

671
01:32:52.990 --> 01:32:58.300
William Ouimet: Oh, because I did the thing that they told me not to do I someone direct messaged me.

672
01:32:58.450 --> 01:33:01.180
Paul Olsen: So I had your direct messages back I get yeah.

673
01:33:01.600 --> 01:33:06.970
Paul Olsen: yeah everyone everyone yeah yeah yeah perfect, thank you, thank you.

674
01:33:09.190 --> 01:33:09.850
Paul Olsen: Okay.

675
01:33:10.000 --> 01:33:14.800
William Ouimet: i'll take a second to go back back through the questions I don't know if there if there were many other questions.

676
01:33:16.060 --> 01:33:16.510
Paul Olsen: haha.

677
01:33:18.250 --> 01:33:32.260
William Ouimet: So Thor asked me what a tile is so that that's just the it's arbitrary length usually one kilometer one kilometer Thor that is basically file management length, so that they can distribute.

678
01:33:32.290 --> 01:33:33.190
Paul Olsen: yeah there we go.

679
01:33:33.250 --> 01:33:34.690
William Ouimet: per share and share.

680
01:33:36.820 --> 01:33:50.620
William Ouimet: files that not too large, of a size and so when you go download raw data you download tiles of a DM or tiles and hill shade that are basically a one kilometer one kilometer extent and no larger.

681
01:33:53.020 --> 01:34:01.810
Paul Olsen: So this looks a bit more, and I use the national makola and the hillside they have something called hillside stretched.

682
01:34:03.490 --> 01:34:06.370
Paul Olsen: What did what do they mean by stretch i've never understood that.

683
01:34:06.730 --> 01:34:17.590
William Ouimet: So basically stretching is a principle of essentially taking the statistics in the raster at hand and basically manipulating how you go from color ramp.

684
01:34:18.460 --> 01:34:26.440
William Ouimet: To to value Okay, so in a hill shade, for instance there's a lot of Gray muted values so most of the values are kind of in a mid range Gray.

685
01:34:27.280 --> 01:34:33.490
William Ouimet: So you don't have a lot of white and you don't have a lot of Gray, for the Gray scale, so what you do is you basically fit a nominal.

686
01:34:34.330 --> 01:34:44.380
William Ouimet: Typically, just fit like a bell curve, to the data and then you you stretch the variation for one Center be plus or minus one standard deviation to the full range of the color and.

687
01:34:45.430 --> 01:34:50.290
William Ouimet: So you go from a muted Gray, to a true white white white to black.

688
01:34:50.590 --> 01:34:52.360
William Ouimet: is basically stretching so.

689
01:34:52.420 --> 01:34:55.030
Paul Olsen: So I understand you're stretching the gamut yep.

690
01:34:55.510 --> 01:35:03.880
William Ouimet: And this is this is super frustrating, because there are a lot of defaults that are built into a lot of a lot of GIs software like a DM, for instance.

691
01:35:04.330 --> 01:35:16.750
William Ouimet: Like I I my nitpick is that it always comes in maximum and minimum sorry sorry it always comes in standard deviation and it makes makes the highest points look like mountains like like tops when they're really not.

692
01:35:17.020 --> 01:35:23.590
Paul Olsen: Is that why, when I go from if i'm in one one pay one view in.

693
01:35:25.090 --> 01:35:28.900
Paul Olsen: The national map and then move lateral.

694
01:35:29.980 --> 01:35:33.730
Paul Olsen: It gives me a slightly different range.

695
01:35:34.000 --> 01:35:37.300
Paul Olsen: yeah because the standard deviation for that entire data set.

696
01:35:38.260 --> 01:35:45.550
William Ouimet: Well that's so that that's that's dynamic display that that's more dynamic thing that's taking the statistics that's only visible in.

697
01:35:46.900 --> 01:35:47.260
Paul Olsen: Right.

698
01:35:47.470 --> 01:35:56.500
William Ouimet: So so so if the statistics are set by the whole roster it will never change right, but if the statistics are changed by the current display extent.

699
01:35:56.980 --> 01:36:15.130
William Ouimet: The colors can change, and so, for this for our map or our main web map we do we do typography that way as you zoom in on typography the DM colors change so that you can see that the maximum minimum is specified according to the maximum and minimum in the actual.

700
01:36:15.640 --> 01:36:16.180
William Ouimet: accent.

701
01:36:16.270 --> 01:36:36.340
Paul Olsen: So that means when I do what I am talking too much, but what I do when I make a map and I take different segments off the national national map and I try to composite them into a on top of quadrangle maps yeah the range is slightly different from your.

702
01:36:36.370 --> 01:36:36.730
Paul Olsen: place.

703
01:36:36.880 --> 01:36:38.320
Paul Olsen: from place to place and makes it.

704
01:36:38.800 --> 01:36:40.930
Paul Olsen: Okay i'll shut up now so other people.

705
01:36:41.290 --> 01:36:47.110
William Ouimet: know these are good points, because the other thing that's also frustrating is that when when somebody publishes the hill shade.

706
01:36:48.190 --> 01:36:58.090
William Ouimet: Sometimes there there's a locked in stretching that you can't change, and there are parts of the stretching that I don't like because it over shades the darker areas.

707
01:36:58.990 --> 01:37:09.310
William Ouimet: And that's because that particular stretch was was almost went too much the other way right and so so having the ability in Arc map or some jazz effort to manipulate the stretch is probably ideal.

708
01:37:09.970 --> 01:37:13.780
William Ouimet: But the trade off is that you can cover a lot of ground with the stream and the stream data.

709
01:37:14.050 --> 01:37:17.230
Paul Olsen: So the Connecticut lidar hillside north east.

710
01:37:17.620 --> 01:37:18.010
Paul Olsen: that's it.

711
01:37:18.160 --> 01:37:18.430
Oh.

712
01:37:19.630 --> 01:37:20.020
William Ouimet: No.

713
01:37:20.770 --> 01:37:25.420
Paul Olsen: It isn't mine oh wait, I know I have the elevator nevermind.

714
01:37:25.690 --> 01:37:26.980
Paul Olsen: yeah turned off salvation.

715
01:37:28.810 --> 01:37:32.440
William Ouimet: So Steve s has a cartoon up so, can you explain what you have Steve.

716
01:37:36.520 --> 01:37:37.240
Steve S: Can you hear me.

717
01:37:37.450 --> 01:37:39.070
Steve S: Yes, okay.

718
01:37:41.710 --> 01:37:42.190
Steve S: So.

719
01:37:43.570 --> 01:37:45.580
Steve S: yeah so when you click on the link that's in the chat.

720
01:37:46.120 --> 01:37:46.480
yeah.

721
01:37:47.770 --> 01:37:49.540
Steve S: So oh.

722
01:37:50.890 --> 01:37:51.370
Steve S: Okay.

723
01:37:52.720 --> 01:37:54.550
Steve S: All of a sudden, that is showing right or no.

724
01:37:54.580 --> 01:37:56.260
Paul Olsen: wait long enough Steve.

725
01:37:56.680 --> 01:38:03.040
Steve S: Oh man, I mean i'm it's clicking around I mean I could do with zoom in and out and it was just yeah that's.

726
01:38:03.280 --> 01:38:13.720
William Ouimet: Usually usually this there are there are some loading times depends on your Internet connection, to be honest, things that we can't I can't I can't control for it at this many users.

727
01:38:14.830 --> 01:38:16.090
Steve S: And then there's also just like.

728
01:38:17.140 --> 01:38:22.540
William Ouimet: Sometimes it comes in, initially it takes some time to load, but the once it's once it's loaded, then you can manipulate it far better.

729
01:38:23.110 --> 01:38:25.900
Steve S: So yeah I didn't say it was loading or anything so.

730
01:38:27.220 --> 01:38:36.610
Steve S: Okay, so I zoom in and there's there's not much number get resolution is it just when you zoom and does it have to load that particular area.

731
01:38:36.910 --> 01:38:55.450
William Ouimet: yeah so I, so I, so I what I would do is that I had collapsed, one of the areas to open on the areas and let's say for the ashford area and then click on that little icon next to all cloud, and that was zoom to that focus area and then that then just wait for that to load in and then.

732
01:38:56.830 --> 01:39:01.420
William Ouimet: Once it loads in you'll have more, the more the ability to manipulate that particular point cloud.

733
01:39:03.190 --> 01:39:07.540
William Ouimet: And I just got a thumbs up for people who are having relative success with this or.

734
01:39:08.800 --> 01:39:14.290
Steve S: So, which one which we have all kinds of ground points you're saying which one we should keep.

735
01:39:14.740 --> 01:39:22.630
William Ouimet: It just doesn't matter they're both the same as I can extend So if you zoom to either one of those extents it'll bring you into the like the focus area of that particular one.

736
01:39:24.130 --> 01:39:25.630
William Ouimet: So i'm getting lots of thumbs up, which is good.

737
01:39:26.800 --> 01:39:32.620
William Ouimet: A week ago, I had no I had no hope that we were going to as a group, be able to manipulate point clouds together.

738
01:39:34.300 --> 01:39:40.720
William Ouimet: In the because they said it's such a powerful way to visualize the point cloud so i'm so happy that we were able to do it and it's actually working.

739
01:39:41.260 --> 01:39:52.660
William Ouimet: And I, we have to thank the the html rgs online Community for making these widgets and these these web methods available and then my student juyuan for spending all the time getting it a troubleshooting it with me so.

740
01:39:53.830 --> 01:40:03.430
William Ouimet: i'm sure the question will come up well, can I get my own mind our point cloud data into this and we can handle that offline and depends, how much programming.

741
01:40:04.060 --> 01:40:11.230
William Ouimet: Or you need to you need to under you need to be able to use rts online, and so you need to get data into our GIs online, so you need an account.

742
01:40:11.950 --> 01:40:25.450
William Ouimet: If you're at a university, like you, can you can you can host that data, so there is ways to use this as your primary viewer if you do not want to use Arc but if, but if you have that ability, you probably have the ability to work with Arc map and have your own data.

743
01:40:26.260 --> 01:40:26.800
online.

744
01:40:35.770 --> 01:40:38.200
Andy Fallon: It will, I have a quick question just about the.

745
01:40:38.680 --> 01:40:39.550
William Ouimet: Andy how are you.

746
01:40:40.420 --> 01:40:49.060
Andy Fallon: i'm good about the point assignment so like right when it's when it's assigned as ground or water or unassigned.

747
01:40:49.270 --> 01:40:59.050
Andy Fallon: yeah right and one of your slides you have you know kind of points showing as it's going down through a tree canopy right there's multiple points depending on where it's hitting branches or otherwise.

748
01:40:59.680 --> 01:41:07.630
Andy Fallon: is basically everything in between that's not assigned as great as ground or water unassigned regardless of elevation differences.

749
01:41:07.900 --> 01:41:09.040
William Ouimet: Correct correct.

750
01:41:10.180 --> 01:41:14.800
William Ouimet: With the exception of errors like if a bird flew under they probably process that stuff out.

751
01:41:15.910 --> 01:41:26.290
William Ouimet: And so there may it's they've probably done some other filtering and processing to get things like once they have a good sense of the canopy making they can model it if they're points that are above the canopy.

752
01:41:27.610 --> 01:41:31.930
William Ouimet: they'll actually exclude them so there's a lot of processing and.

753
01:41:32.680 --> 01:41:43.990
William Ouimet: and classification and manipulation That just goes into making the cloud whether and then whether its first returner last return, but when it comes to these final products, yes, everything everything it's not ground or water is on the site.

754
01:41:45.100 --> 01:41:45.850
William Ouimet: And there's one.

755
01:41:46.900 --> 01:42:00.250
William Ouimet: there's one more class to that there's one called rail, which I didn't have time enough to figure out but I assume that's kind of infrastructure stuff that's over bridges and stuff like that that actually are other things that need to be processed out.

756
01:42:01.660 --> 01:42:11.980
Andy Fallon: So when they're making like a digital canopy model, you know they then sub selecting within that unassigned so that it's specifically like you know the tops of the trees.

757
01:42:12.910 --> 01:42:17.590
William Ouimet: If it's fixed for that one you do first return yeah so to make a canopy model you do first return.

758
01:42:18.130 --> 01:42:27.040
William Ouimet: Okay, and if it's all forest and it is a, it is a canopy model, by definition, but if it's mixed forest field or building it's technically a first return model.

759
01:42:27.550 --> 01:42:39.610
William Ouimet: Which is canopy where there are trees, but it's not canopy where they are, whether or not I actually don't know what it's called I think it's called dts when it's when it's when it's away from away from the canopy so.

760
01:42:40.840 --> 01:42:41.500
Andy Fallon: cool Thank you.

761
01:42:41.740 --> 01:42:44.260
William Ouimet: So I was able to log, so I think again.

762
01:42:44.500 --> 01:42:45.640
William Ouimet: feel free to chime in.

763
01:42:48.820 --> 01:43:01.150
William Ouimet: yeah I may I may push I may push the next lecture till about 911 10 just to get more people time to play because I really don't want to be sitting here talking all day all morning I want Janet to move on to get some time.

764
01:43:04.450 --> 01:43:10.420
William Ouimet: I hope this has been useful to sorry i'm not getting much feedback thumbs up means everything's going well, so I appreciate that.

765
01:43:11.620 --> 01:43:16.990
William Ouimet: So Questions or just data play or any kind of questions about what we've what we've talked about so far i'm happy to entertain.

766
01:43:18.070 --> 01:43:25.300
William Ouimet: It we can go hold off on the feature the feature in the land, the land form parts until those sections, but anything data related or.

767
01:43:25.660 --> 01:43:39.460
William Ouimet: Data streaming or this particular viewer wouldn't be much, much appreciated Okay, but john brooks asked how do you use point cloud images as a screening tool for data manipulation and final interpolation so Jackie explained a little bit better.

768
01:43:45.910 --> 01:43:50.680
John Brooks: Jones there yeah well when I look at the point cloud images.

769
01:43:51.970 --> 01:44:04.660
John Brooks: I think I understand what i'm seeing, but what would be the next step, obviously, there are some of the areas that you have that have very little tree cover some that have a lot of tree cover.

770
01:44:05.140 --> 01:44:24.760
John Brooks: But if you're if you're if you're working on a large data set, you know how do you make decisions about how many classifications according to have, I assume, have a different number of classifications for areas that are really basically terrorists to start with, and then you have.

771
01:44:24.910 --> 01:44:26.440
John Brooks: More classifications, when you.

772
01:44:26.440 --> 01:44:29.050
John Brooks: Have deciduous and evergreen trees.

773
01:44:29.590 --> 01:44:31.150
William Ouimet: Well, I mean, I think that.

774
01:44:31.600 --> 01:44:34.450
William Ouimet: You know the ability to be able to see the point cloud.

775
01:44:34.690 --> 01:44:37.780
John Brooks: Important in your final data manipulation.

776
01:44:38.170 --> 01:44:50.440
William Ouimet: Correct so at a very at a very minimum, what I would want to emphasize is it's like having an extra layer of information that goes along with your interpretation interpretation right so knowing that point cloud.

777
01:44:52.330 --> 01:45:02.020
William Ouimet: And how it varies and how your feature may be related to that right, and certainly confirmation that a an area has very, very dense point cloud.

778
01:45:04.750 --> 01:45:13.630
William Ouimet: Is is great to know and give you confidence that you that you can make an interpretation interpretation but inversely, if you didn't have high coverage.

779
01:45:14.260 --> 01:45:22.780
William Ouimet: You would be confident you could question an interpolation so So yes, very advanced people could actually take a point cloud even a classified Point five.

780
01:45:23.290 --> 01:45:34.360
William Ouimet: And then, like crop out the area of a field, knowing that the field has very dense very dense points, make a very, very high resolution topography map and then do something with it, you know map.

781
01:45:34.990 --> 01:45:44.950
William Ouimet: Crop crop erosion or modifications that that scale right and that would be different than then cropping out or isolating lower resolution parts and making different resolutions.

782
01:45:45.490 --> 01:45:54.280
William Ouimet: You know I don't know many people that do that, but I would just emphasize the connection and always having the resource at your fingertips, if you need it.

783
01:45:54.940 --> 01:46:05.890
William Ouimet: To critically evaluate the point does it does that help I mean I don't think I would go and and heavily manipulate things I would make the DM I would make this the hill shade, just like you're just like you're viewing.

784
01:46:06.520 --> 01:46:13.120
William Ouimet: But I would I would certainly appreciate the connection between the ground point quality and the.

785
01:46:14.110 --> 01:46:25.540
William Ouimet: And ultimately, the hill shade, which is in real estate is will influence your internal inter interpolate interpretation sorry so much your interpretation is based on what you're seeing with your eyes would that he'll share.

786
01:46:27.250 --> 01:46:27.640
John Brooks: That.

787
01:46:27.700 --> 01:46:30.970
John Brooks: That makes a lot of sense so it's kind of just a question i'm.

788
01:46:32.560 --> 01:46:36.160
John Brooks: Evaluating kind of I don't want to say garbage that.

789
01:46:37.390 --> 01:46:43.030
John Brooks: The quality of data in in the end impacts, how much interpretation you can do.

790
01:46:43.480 --> 01:46:51.430
William Ouimet: yeah, and I mean I think general practices for all of this kind of mapping is to have companion data as much as you can so having the air photo at your disposal is huge.

791
01:46:52.030 --> 01:47:02.260
William Ouimet: Right, you can toggle that's it that's a swimming pool that's not that's not some archaeological feature right or or stuff like that and that's where it gets pretty.

792
01:47:03.010 --> 01:47:09.460
William Ouimet: It gets pretty important and then so that the point cloud is just another layer of information which is related to what you already have but it allows you to more.

793
01:47:10.840 --> 01:47:15.700
William Ouimet: High resolution spatial query And what about the quality, so I have a question here from.

794
01:47:17.710 --> 01:47:19.480
William Ouimet: I think, Melissa know.

795
01:47:23.020 --> 01:47:26.590
William Ouimet: Alright, so what is the white thing above the water.

796
01:47:28.870 --> 01:47:31.510
William Ouimet: So what is the white thing above the water.

797
01:47:33.700 --> 01:47:35.710
William Ouimet: So do you mean in the air photo or the point cloud.

798
01:47:41.170 --> 01:47:43.090
William Ouimet: This is for on.

799
01:47:44.710 --> 01:47:45.220
William Ouimet: Andrea.

800
01:47:52.990 --> 01:47:53.470
William Ouimet: So while.

801
01:47:54.910 --> 01:47:55.120
It.

802
01:47:59.350 --> 01:48:01.000
William Ouimet: right there good answer Korea that's good.

803
01:48:05.560 --> 01:48:11.110
William Ouimet: Christine had so we have a ground based ladder unit, a new mass right Christine and we're wondering if.

804
01:48:11.950 --> 01:48:14.440
William Ouimet: That sort of thing with these data crap outputs.

805
01:48:14.950 --> 01:48:27.430
William Ouimet: Right, so I don't even want to get into terrestrial lidar scanning and and I don't have a unit, and I have not played with them as much I have colleagues who who've spent a lot of time.

806
01:48:29.410 --> 01:48:43.030
William Ouimet: Doing point cloud analysis with terrestrial and and they have there's a whole suite of pluses and minuses and strengths and weaknesses, the bottom line is is it it's very, very frustrating to process process and vegetation out.

807
01:48:44.320 --> 01:48:49.270
William Ouimet: And so you end up doing things like selecting different parts of the point cloud.

808
01:48:50.320 --> 01:49:02.920
William Ouimet: Making the three three dimensional surface excluding the vegetation and then using that three dimensional surface, which is defined by the non vegetation to then rule out the vegetation right does that make sense, Christine.

809
01:49:03.340 --> 01:49:10.030
Christine Hatch: yeah I think that's what we want to do, because ultimately what we're trying to look at is some really small scale land surface change.

810
01:49:10.900 --> 01:49:18.670
Christine Hatch: Due to some manipulations with a restoration, and so the only way to do that will be to subtract the vegetation, otherwise the vegetation will look like the change we're trying to map.

811
01:49:19.450 --> 01:49:20.140
Christine Hatch: yeah and so.

812
01:49:20.440 --> 01:49:23.260
William Ouimet: I don't do all terrestrial units also take photos to.

813
01:49:24.190 --> 01:49:24.970
Christine Hatch: They can.

814
01:49:25.180 --> 01:49:34.810
William Ouimet: They can yeah so like so so I have so Evan to chair, who was in fragment elegance group up at up at Dartmouth, he spent three years.

815
01:49:35.410 --> 01:49:47.950
William Ouimet: terrestrial lidar scanning like cut banks after I read and he he would talk about it he's done so much of it, and he ended up just focusing, where it was all rock and not all this meditation much better data.

816
01:49:48.610 --> 01:49:56.290
William Ouimet: And much easier, so the minute, you have to entertain cloud new classifying vegetation or or logs or whatever it is within the.

817
01:49:56.950 --> 01:50:07.360
William Ouimet: it's headaches and processing power so so you know if we if you're sat down with a beer, with him, he probably tell you, you know, make sure you really it.

818
01:50:07.840 --> 01:50:15.280
William Ouimet: It always goes back to research design, can you design it differently to really isolate anticipate the processing errors that you're going to have down the road.

819
01:50:15.790 --> 01:50:18.550
Christine Hatch: Maybe Another question is, would it be easier to.

820
01:50:18.550 --> 01:50:22.360
Christine Hatch: Just grab the DNS that we can pull off the drone footage.

821
01:50:22.630 --> 01:50:26.140
Christine Hatch: is not just a better data set and easier one rather than a point cloud.

822
01:50:26.980 --> 01:50:33.520
William Ouimet: Well right so so so he's he's also had using the airborne lidar so some other data set to help you define the surface.

823
01:50:34.000 --> 01:50:37.900
William Ouimet: That, then, let you exclude points so So what we didn't get into point cloud.

824
01:50:38.260 --> 01:50:45.820
William Ouimet: Class classifying but that's what all these people are doing they're like defining surfaces rooftops roads buildings.

825
01:50:46.120 --> 01:50:52.570
William Ouimet: tops of in the air, using those surfaces defined by the point five to then filter out noise right so so.

826
01:50:52.900 --> 01:51:04.690
William Ouimet: Whether it's birds, or just just just just false points whatever so there's a lot of that like internal definition of points it's fitting surfaces and then using those to exclude points to ultimately to ultimately.

827
01:51:05.800 --> 01:51:18.160
William Ouimet: classify which then goes into the point five so yeah so I mean I don't have all the answers on that one that front i'm really curious I we haven't invested in the unit, yet, but there are some groups Dartmouth, a good one, but also i'm.

828
01:51:19.360 --> 01:51:35.680
William Ouimet: The group at indiana Brian the 90s, and he has a postdoc there they they have a drone base lidar and trust Yolanda they're doing, they were doing a lot of scanning they have a whole program there of this so so um I I someday i'll get into that that level but i'm not there yet.

829
01:51:40.330 --> 01:51:49.840
William Ouimet: So a couple people here are talking about the slow connection i'm sorry about that I knew it was going to happen, I knew there'd be probably a 75% success rate here.

830
01:51:50.710 --> 01:51:56.200
William Ouimet: But this is part of this is as to remember the end that the resource is now available to you.

831
01:51:56.800 --> 01:52:11.680
William Ouimet: Whether you can finish it and accomplish what you need to accomplish right now faced in during the workshop time or whether you finished it later today or come back to it, some other day, the resources there for you Okay, and so I just hope that those Internet issues can resolve themselves.

832
01:52:12.760 --> 01:52:16.750
William Ouimet: But um you know anybody in this virtual world can can attest to.

833
01:52:17.890 --> 01:52:24.190
William Ouimet: weirdly consistent at times in the weirdly variable connection speeds and impacts because of it, so.

834
01:52:26.830 --> 01:52:32.740
William Ouimet: So any other any other questions it's getting so it's 1102, so I think I think I think we we did.

835
01:52:33.910 --> 01:52:50.530
William Ouimet: So we were supposed to have an official break in here too, so I guess we're if anybody i'll just start talking again for the next segment at 1110 so keep working keep asking questions or use it as a break, so that we can begin begin again at.

836
01:52:51.850 --> 01:52:53.440
William Ouimet: At 11 so i'm good.

837
01:53:03.850 --> 01:53:05.080
William Ouimet: comes up I like the thumbs up.

838
01:53:06.760 --> 01:53:19.300
John Brooks: Well, this is this is john brooks again, I think, looking at the Connecticut data set and kind of clicking off on the superficial geology map over the edm data.

839
01:53:19.690 --> 01:53:22.180
William Ouimet: So you so you're on the main the main web may not be.

840
01:53:22.990 --> 01:53:24.520
John Brooks: The main main Connecticut.

841
01:53:25.990 --> 01:53:27.880
John Brooks: That was sent out and and.

842
01:53:29.170 --> 01:53:37.840
John Brooks: One thing i've been puzzling with in my use God DNA or lidar data for surface or geology is that.

843
01:53:39.040 --> 01:53:49.210
John Brooks: It can be very, very difficult to delineate contacts deposits, because of you know, post glacial erosion, basically, in large part.

844
01:53:50.290 --> 01:53:55.120
John Brooks: But when i'm looking at the context here overlaid on the on the lidar data.

845
01:53:56.020 --> 01:54:14.830
John Brooks: i'm wondering if what i'm looking out for this artificial geology is the older superficial geology that hasn't been rectified using lidar data because there seemed to be areas that don't make sense now they look like they're till within this the you know, like deposits and I chatted.

846
01:54:16.150 --> 01:54:17.950
John Brooks: you're probably going to talk about this later, but.

847
01:54:20.380 --> 01:54:35.230
jrstone: yeah definitely will we'll talk about that this afternoon, but you are looking at the in the Connecticut Connecticut paternity geology that was published in 2005 before we had lidar.

848
01:54:36.790 --> 01:54:39.190
jrstone: that's why things don't look quite right.

849
01:54:40.270 --> 01:54:42.520
jrstone: And we need to map the wall over again.

850
01:54:47.680 --> 01:54:53.770
John Brooks: And in your attempts to do that have you found that the lidar had a has has.

851
01:54:54.880 --> 01:54:56.020
John Brooks: is helpful.

852
01:54:56.650 --> 01:54:57.430
jrstone: Oh yeah it's.

853
01:54:57.490 --> 01:55:01.240
jrstone: it's incredible if if you need to.

854
01:55:02.470 --> 01:55:17.860
jrstone: Wait until the tell the high resolution lidar shows up I so you have to be zoomed in fairly closely on that view or before you start to see the the really good resolution lidar.

855
01:55:20.590 --> 01:55:37.420
William Ouimet: yeah and that's something that we don't we don't change that that's because to access the data we have to make the distributor has has established pure middle viewing viewing resolutions, so you do have to wait, unfortunately, having to wait to reload.

856
01:55:40.210 --> 01:55:50.980
William Ouimet: So a couple people have asked me about the slides everything I will show and and Janet we have in in the folders there is a file called the slides.

857
01:55:51.550 --> 01:56:06.190
William Ouimet: i've put mine as a PDF so far, not as a PowerPoint i'm happy to share the PowerPoint as well, so that people in their classes can use this data if they would like to but people who are asking about the lecture material, it is, it is in there.

858
01:56:07.390 --> 01:56:23.260
William Ouimet: I just so basically it's all based on the on on the folder so I put there's there's two folders so far for what we've covered the introduction, but also the point cloud and data stuff I put the slides for everything I just went through is in folder one.

859
01:56:24.610 --> 01:56:32.500
William Ouimet: And the slides i'm about to go through will be in folder three and the slides for janet's portion will be in folder for.

860
01:56:40.390 --> 01:56:41.170
Paul Olsen: I raised my hand.

861
01:56:42.100 --> 01:56:43.060
William Ouimet: hey Bob.

862
01:56:44.320 --> 01:56:50.200
Paul Olsen: I wanted to mention that one of my experiences with overlaying the digital geological maps.

863
01:56:51.430 --> 01:56:54.430
Paul Olsen: going all the way from the like the state.

864
01:56:55.840 --> 01:57:04.000
Paul Olsen: State geological maps that you get through national map that are all supposed to be rationalized but aren't quite to each other.

865
01:57:05.320 --> 01:57:14.920
Paul Olsen: The there are two issues that are in play there there's one the original that the accuracy of the original geological map.

866
01:57:16.120 --> 01:57:28.030
Paul Olsen: And then there's the accuracy or fidelity of the digitized geological map to the original and my biggest problem is going with the fidelity of the digital.

867
01:57:29.140 --> 01:57:48.580
Paul Olsen: version to the original geological map so there's sometimes wildly off, I mean they can be off, you can see contacts beautifully in the dms and then geological maps off by you know what amounts to 2030 4050 hundred 200 meters.

868
01:57:50.710 --> 01:58:02.650
Paul Olsen: And it's so so I don't take it they're difficult to do to us that way that the geological maps Connecticut ones are good or very good.

869
01:58:03.670 --> 01:58:07.330
Paul Olsen: Some others like Pennsylvania have some real issues.

870
01:58:11.260 --> 01:58:18.430
William Ouimet: yeah and in our our web map viewer we of course don't have the one to 24 geological maps, we only have the statewide.

871
01:58:19.750 --> 01:58:30.370
William Ouimet: Well, I figured it's technically one to 25,000 right, I think the what the day we have, but we do have that the striking dip measurements that we that maddie and tear and help me help us get into the viewer.

872
01:58:31.540 --> 01:58:34.180
William Ouimet: And, of course, those are point locations that were either.

873
01:58:35.290 --> 01:58:41.170
William Ouimet: Somebody put that on a map it or maybe with a GPS, who knows right and then, then you have some of the issues that have to do with.

874
01:58:42.310 --> 01:58:48.370
William Ouimet: That come along with ultimately putting a point on the map, when you, it is a pretty precise location, because it is a measurement right.

875
01:58:49.960 --> 01:59:00.340
William Ouimet: And how the and I haven't looked closely to see how how often that strike and dip measurement, for instance, lies within what clearly is smooth glacial till as opposed to what looks like a boulder he cliffy outcrop.

876
01:59:00.640 --> 01:59:00.910
No.

877
01:59:02.110 --> 01:59:06.670
jrstone: it's definitely i've looked at that well and.

878
01:59:06.760 --> 01:59:12.070
jrstone: yeah it's definite that those outcrops are not where the outcrop is they're probably you know.

879
01:59:12.310 --> 01:59:13.060
jrstone: Within a.

880
01:59:13.090 --> 01:59:14.170
jrstone: quarter of a mile.

881
01:59:17.050 --> 01:59:21.490
jrstone: don't think that you're going to go to that spot and see necessarily an alcohol.

882
01:59:22.060 --> 01:59:23.320
William Ouimet: yeah that's good.

883
01:59:24.220 --> 01:59:37.960
Margaret Thomas: Oh, if I could chime in here for a matter of perspective, you have to consider what the digital data represents, and so, for those structural symbols all the strike in depth measurements.

884
01:59:39.070 --> 01:59:44.470
Margaret Thomas: Or the trend and plans measurements, those are from the clouds.

885
01:59:46.120 --> 01:59:48.790
Margaret Thomas: So they're not GPS coordinates.

886
01:59:48.970 --> 02:00:01.870
Margaret Thomas: it's not something they're more someone was standing on an outcrop taking a measurement and putting it into a data set so you know it's old style so it's it's digitized from the older maps.

887
02:00:04.570 --> 02:00:09.790
jrstone: it's very useful information, though, in terms of understanding what where you see the rock.

888
02:00:10.930 --> 02:00:15.580
jrstone: morphology this strike rages within the.

889
02:00:16.720 --> 02:00:31.840
jrstone: In the lidar you seal it so beautifully and then it's nice to turn on those things on and and look at it, regionally in a you know zoomed out way and see that those the direction of the strike bridges you're seeing is reflected in the data.

890
02:00:32.080 --> 02:00:32.980
Paul Olsen: It didn't know.

891
02:00:34.090 --> 02:00:41.260
jrstone: Well yeah because maybe that but you know that measurement was a you know was one little tiny fold in.

892
02:00:41.290 --> 02:00:42.010
jrstone: In well.

893
02:00:42.070 --> 02:00:45.460
Paul Olsen: The outcrop working I just did a bunch of math in.

894
02:00:46.750 --> 02:00:59.980
Paul Olsen: Massachusetts and what I learned right away, is that the quadrangle maps that were done on the fit in the 50s and early 60s, you can tell when the geologists fail percent their compass proper declination.

895
02:01:00.700 --> 02:01:08.020
Paul Olsen: because all the all of the strikes are cranked over the same to grow them out versus what you can clearly see an oil.

896
02:01:08.140 --> 02:01:08.620
yeah.

897
02:01:09.970 --> 02:01:16.420
Paul Olsen: And what are you going to do, I mean you everyone makes mistakes and in those days, it was really hard to check with I doing everything.

898
02:01:19.240 --> 02:01:20.140
William Ouimet: Okay, everyone there.

899
02:01:21.610 --> 02:01:24.910
William Ouimet: So i'm going to we're going to hopefully.

900
02:01:26.050 --> 02:01:32.920
William Ouimet: That was fun hopefully the viewers working for most of you, I should have mentioned this, to please get feedback if something.

901
02:01:33.430 --> 02:01:39.760
William Ouimet: is found a typo or something wasn't quite working for you i'm happy to receive the feedback, because I think we will use these resources moving forward.

902
02:01:40.450 --> 02:01:49.360
William Ouimet: So if you have this and just notes down and have some feedback for us that we greatly appreciate it Okay, so now we're going to transition into.

903
02:01:49.900 --> 02:01:56.620
William Ouimet: The part of the workshop where we do to two main modules before and after lunch that have to do with land surface mapping okay.

904
02:01:56.980 --> 02:02:05.770
William Ouimet: And so, both of them come with some some some lecture slides and then both of them come with an exercise that we hope you will try to perform said mapping exercise.

905
02:02:06.730 --> 02:02:09.640
William Ouimet: to convey that you've learned it a little bit and then maybe even contribute.

906
02:02:10.390 --> 02:02:18.280
William Ouimet: Some data Center to the regional to the regional effort to map these some of these features so i'm going to go ahead and turn my slides back on i'm going to.

907
02:02:19.000 --> 02:02:25.780
William Ouimet: disconnect from my monitor that didn't work last time and i'm going to share, I think I think it's good so go back to mute.

908
02:02:26.350 --> 02:02:38.980
William Ouimet: keep talking to each other in the chat if you want I won't really see anything until until I stopped lecturing and we'll have a similar period of like question answer work on exams exams exercises.

909
02:02:40.750 --> 02:02:50.680
William Ouimet: In the coming in the coming minutes this particular segment, I believe, supposed to go to 1230 for lunches that can somebody double check that on the schedule Janet.

910
02:02:53.260 --> 02:02:59.920
William Ouimet: Is it safe havens can even see its profits as well we well, we want to do lunch, and so I think we said lunch at 1230 or so.

911
02:02:59.950 --> 02:03:01.930
Andy Fallon: yeah that's right well 1230.

912
02:03:02.860 --> 02:03:19.210
William Ouimet: And so I don't know how we are in terms of we're a little behind, but I don't i'll probably go quicker through the slides so there's more time for the mapping exercise so enough talking more doing alright so just go over to the PowerPoint slide and share.

913
02:03:20.440 --> 02:03:23.620
William Ouimet: Alright, so my back in presenter mode where you can see the slides.

914
02:03:25.420 --> 02:03:40.000
William Ouimet: Okay, so clearly, I am a GMO followed issues interesting all kinds of applications of live lidar I love the discussions we're having about about mapping, I became particularly involved in this, because i'm interested in essentially studying.

915
02:03:41.050 --> 02:03:59.140
William Ouimet: Basically, the anthropocene or human impacts on landscapes and so what I realized about New England I grew up here, I was very well aware of this is that the ability of the lidar to actually reveal this this network of stone walls in historical archaeology that really speaks to.

916
02:04:00.220 --> 02:04:09.580
William Ouimet: The early anthropocene or late Holocene where we start to see if you modify the land surface in this region Okay, and so this is the appreciation of.

917
02:04:10.390 --> 02:04:18.550
William Ouimet: piercing and below the fan forest canopy and seen that configuration of stone walls and features that really reflect how people mostly.

918
02:04:19.060 --> 02:04:30.220
William Ouimet: Europeans in the post settlement period are using the landscape clearing trees for various activities Okay, and so that's that's where this this this module is really focused in on.

919
02:04:31.000 --> 02:04:36.550
William Ouimet: I am i'm a field geologists i'm very interested in all kinds of field based questions impacts on soils.

920
02:04:37.180 --> 02:04:48.790
William Ouimet: legacy sediment transport and storage and deposition in floodplains and reservoirs and I see all this lidar work as kind of the background GEO spatial analysis that's required to really understand.

921
02:04:49.960 --> 02:04:56.860
William Ouimet: That human impact Okay, so this is a broad topic so this lidar has revolutionized the field of archaeology.

922
02:04:58.210 --> 02:05:02.890
William Ouimet: very significantly and so there's been a lot of press on this there's been a lot of great examples out there of.

923
02:05:03.460 --> 02:05:12.250
William Ouimet: Basically, the cool things that lidar is revealing in the archaeological realm and some of you may have seen this before, but this is the the work that was done.

924
02:05:12.670 --> 02:05:24.010
William Ouimet: In the Central America region for mapping beneath you know beneath the jungle canopy to really to really reveal the intricacies of the Mayan city so it's not so much these.

925
02:05:24.370 --> 02:05:29.890
William Ouimet: These mega mega areas where there's lots of buildings people knew were these were but the what the lidar is revealing is like.

926
02:05:30.250 --> 02:05:40.450
William Ouimet: The dense network of smaller villages and roads and pathways that really reflect the overall Inpatient imprint of the Mayan civilization on on this particular region okay.

927
02:05:40.900 --> 02:05:49.120
William Ouimet: And so, absolutely you know this whole notion of archaeology piercing a piercing beneath the forest canopy and you know really detecting subtle changes.

928
02:05:49.540 --> 02:05:54.310
William Ouimet: In the possibility of talking very subtle changes has really transformed that that world.

929
02:05:54.670 --> 02:06:04.270
William Ouimet: And so we got on this early So the first paper that we published on this was was 2014 where we just said hey look at all the cool historical archaeological features that we can see in the lidar.

930
02:06:05.170 --> 02:06:12.400
William Ouimet: And this this came from just the first time I could get my hands on on lidar for the region, you know I you know a little bit.

931
02:06:12.850 --> 02:06:21.220
William Ouimet: You know bits and D, I think I was teaching up in amherst college when the town of amherst acquired the fort river watershed.

932
02:06:21.850 --> 02:06:24.460
William Ouimet: An Eminence brooke area for their own purposes.

933
02:06:25.090 --> 02:06:34.300
William Ouimet: got my hands on that in the hill slopes literally stone walls so i've always been looking out for this so there's lots of features that are associated with this so in the.

934
02:06:34.720 --> 02:06:40.210
William Ouimet: In the paper we end up just kind of highlighting and focusing how we're using lidar to really reveal.

935
02:06:40.750 --> 02:06:52.630
William Ouimet: This kind of archaeological historic archaeological landscape and you begin to be able to map it out and really understand the configuration of these of these polygons that are historic historic.

936
02:06:53.350 --> 02:07:08.290
William Ouimet: fields for various agricultural and pastoral activities but it's not just of course the individual stone walls it's it's also building foundations and other roads and aspects of the occupation of the land surface.

937
02:07:09.370 --> 02:07:17.680
William Ouimet: And the modification over some you know 10s to hundreds of years because of course the story that we that we know it well well published by.

938
02:07:18.490 --> 02:07:29.620
William Ouimet: Dr thorson books is this notion of the growth of a stone wall as the till begins to be cleared and new stones emerge from the from the soil, because it's.

939
02:07:30.190 --> 02:07:41.950
William Ouimet: it's exposed to greater for a freeze thaw cycles, so these these walls really grow it's the it's the initial clearing, plus the modification of the land surface through time and the growth of those walls.

940
02:07:42.310 --> 02:07:50.080
William Ouimet: as a function of how long these farmstead you're actually being active and, in some cases 200 250 years and other cases much shorter.

941
02:07:50.500 --> 02:08:01.270
William Ouimet: So lots of cool and interesting intricate details about the arrangement of farmstead this was I would kind of chose the most irregularly looking at regular Polygon looking areas to kind of highlight.

942
02:08:01.840 --> 02:08:12.460
William Ouimet: This notion of the irregularity, of the way that people broke up and broke up the land surface delineated fields and boundaries and whether it was property boundaries or individual field boundaries or.

943
02:08:12.940 --> 02:08:20.620
William Ouimet: pens for individual livestock or even cemeteries you'll see that all reflected in this kind of network of stone walls and configuration of these.

944
02:08:20.950 --> 02:08:25.660
William Ouimet: Of these features and so lots of lots of great examples, we obviously.

945
02:08:26.050 --> 02:08:32.230
William Ouimet: have not gone in the field and confirmed everywhere we've mapped, but it is such a fundamental aspect of this landscape, particularly that glacially.

946
02:08:32.530 --> 02:08:40.360
William Ouimet: The glacial till dominated landscape of the of the western and northern Western Eastern Connecticut but also the tilt until domain of.

947
02:08:40.990 --> 02:08:45.220
William Ouimet: The northeast in general you're going to see this connection I need these linear features.

948
02:08:45.820 --> 02:08:53.950
William Ouimet: That are are well expressed, and we see, we see a good expressions of it in and poor expressions and i'll talk about those limitations in the coming.

949
02:08:54.400 --> 02:09:04.750
William Ouimet: In the coming slides but there's a whole host of other features as well that are also can allow some nuance to this this period of time and foundations are one of them.

950
02:09:05.230 --> 02:09:15.580
William Ouimet: These are a little bit more sensitive archaeologically so i'm working with the state archaeologists and some groups of archaeologists in the in the region to really understand how to best distribute this data so.

951
02:09:16.120 --> 02:09:23.110
William Ouimet: We don't necessarily want to make these foundations vulnerable to looting into people going and taking.

952
02:09:23.650 --> 02:09:29.200
William Ouimet: Our cultural artifacts from them so you'll notice that we're not systematically mapping foundations.

953
02:09:29.500 --> 02:09:37.900
William Ouimet: In our matters we're sticking to like the kind of the landscape features that allow us to really kind of reconstruct that the historical and use activity, rather than the individual.

954
02:09:38.380 --> 02:09:47.980
William Ouimet: The individual structures so but but there's and then related to that there's old roads, and you can see some of the stone walls in this this particular road very well built built up.

955
02:09:48.460 --> 02:09:58.330
William Ouimet: largely due to the repeated use and development of that road for many years, this particular area was in use in 1934, and so this probably has a history of 200 plus years of activity.

956
02:09:59.200 --> 02:10:06.610
William Ouimet: And you can see, this network of roads and walls and foundations and there's actually a cemetery at this location is as well okay.

957
02:10:07.000 --> 02:10:16.990
William Ouimet: Some other more nuanced things like corner piles, so this is where we have as as the fields are used into the 20th century, you can see here in the imagery on the lower left.

958
02:10:17.800 --> 02:10:26.170
William Ouimet: You know the the the additional activity of mechanized farming allowed for smaller and smaller stones to be to be more of a nuisance and so.

959
02:10:26.590 --> 02:10:34.810
William Ouimet: corner piles often reflect a certain period of agricultural activity that relates to the later phase prior to complete abandonment.

960
02:10:35.380 --> 02:10:40.900
William Ouimet: When you have more early 20th century farming activity on the on field that probably was a farm field.

961
02:10:41.500 --> 02:10:55.540
William Ouimet: For the previous 100 150 years so again a circular pile of stones in the corner of stonewall line field that kind of owes us to this legacy of land use, but also time because it's a very specific portion of this of this lance history.

962
02:10:56.200 --> 02:11:01.630
William Ouimet: earthen dams and mills there's lots there's lots of these there's lots of evidence and features of.

963
02:11:03.220 --> 02:11:18.220
William Ouimet: features damage damage in our waterways, I forgot to include a picture of beaver dams there's actually a beaver dam at this site that's that's damming up in the upper right but that also looks like a feature that kind of blocks and dams waterways.

964
02:11:19.990 --> 02:11:28.240
William Ouimet: But a beaver dam is characters to be more more more accurate and curved whereas these earth and earth and mill earth and damn and mill structures are very.

965
02:11:28.570 --> 02:11:39.160
William Ouimet: Very straight and then again these preceded the 20th century features which tend to be still blocking rivers today, and even the army corps structures of the 30s and 40s and 50s.

966
02:11:39.790 --> 02:11:49.660
William Ouimet: Which on the flood control structures, those are much more massive and much more easier easier to delineate so again a certain time period of a few modification related to.

967
02:11:50.440 --> 02:11:56.020
William Ouimet: Basically, engineering our waterways to generate hydro power for various various industries okay.

968
02:11:56.650 --> 02:12:04.450
William Ouimet: All well reflected sometimes tied nicely into a foundation a mill adjacent to uh to to these earth and earth and structures okay.

969
02:12:04.930 --> 02:12:13.420
William Ouimet: The other feature that we didn't actually catch in time for the 2014 paper which I will talk about at length today are where we call charcoal hearts.

970
02:12:13.960 --> 02:12:29.020
William Ouimet: same thing as people refer to as a charcoal Mounds before we call them relic charcoal Horace because it's really that it's it's the remnant of the process of making the platform and the charcoal remains and that's a little bit different than the mound of charcoal.

971
02:12:30.040 --> 02:12:41.230
William Ouimet: persisted in the landscape So these are these are circular platforms that were basically places where local callers were harvesting the local hardwood to make to make charcoal.

972
02:12:41.830 --> 02:12:50.470
William Ouimet: For a variety of industries, chief among them the iron industry and Northwest Connecticut but in other places that had ironworks other need for fuel.

973
02:12:51.040 --> 02:13:01.060
William Ouimet: They would have generated that fueled by way of the local forest and so they would have wholesale cleared cleared forest for the production of charcoal leaves a very characteristic land form.

974
02:13:01.960 --> 02:13:07.900
William Ouimet: These anthropogenic land forms and these charcoal hearth platforms that are very easy to pick out pick out in the in the lidar.

975
02:13:08.320 --> 02:13:17.110
William Ouimet: Okay, so armed with those two with all of those features really but really focusing in on those two you know the stone walls in the charcoal hearth.

976
02:13:17.710 --> 02:13:27.250
William Ouimet: platforms, you know i've been really focusing a large on this kind of historic land use initiative documented all of these historical and news features, so that we can.

977
02:13:27.880 --> 02:13:34.720
William Ouimet: know precisely what kinds of historic activity was occurring agricultural activities paschal activities or just kind of.

978
02:13:35.170 --> 02:13:41.980
William Ouimet: Deforestation for for charcoal production and there's implications for how much soil modification, you might expect.

979
02:13:42.250 --> 02:13:52.390
William Ouimet: Based on those different types of land forms soil erosion and the generation of legacy sediments so on and so forth, so so So for me the questions that I have about really querying.

980
02:13:53.050 --> 02:14:03.370
William Ouimet: This this case study of human impact in the northeast really begins with knowing the imprint of that activity which all comes from lidar and our ability to see these features.

981
02:14:04.090 --> 02:14:13.270
William Ouimet: Within within these these dmz and these these raster products Okay, and so I do see these as direct markers of historic land use practices.

982
02:14:14.110 --> 02:14:21.040
William Ouimet: sparklehorse in general, this was an industry brought over from Europe that had been going on for 500 years prior.

983
02:14:21.400 --> 02:14:33.340
William Ouimet: So we really have the the need and desire for this particular skill, which didn't exist in this landscape prior to that really imprinting itself on this landscape, particularly in areas where that fuel source.

984
02:14:33.850 --> 02:14:43.120
William Ouimet: What was needed, and so again just to kind of put some context on on this is that we all, we all, we all kind of know about this in the northeast but really studying.

985
02:14:43.660 --> 02:14:51.910
William Ouimet: This this kind of this wholesale deforestation associated with a population population growth in the post settlement period.

986
02:14:52.480 --> 02:15:01.180
William Ouimet: leading to land being cleared for cultivated purposes, but also for pastoral activities, reaching a peak land clearing somewhere in the middle of the 19th century.

987
02:15:01.450 --> 02:15:09.100
William Ouimet: it's a little bit different depending on where you look more specifically, and then you have a period of kind of abandonment and reforestation beginning.

988
02:15:09.550 --> 02:15:20.980
William Ouimet: It towards the end of the 20 of the 19th century, and certainly into the 20th century Okay, and so so we're really lidar is doing is because we can penetrate the forest canopy and.

989
02:15:21.400 --> 02:15:24.040
William Ouimet: Because the forest are still there, these areas are not have been.

990
02:15:24.550 --> 02:15:29.440
William Ouimet: significantly developed since we're really ability we're really studying this this time period of.

991
02:15:29.740 --> 02:15:39.220
William Ouimet: The forest work cleared, they were used, and now they've been they've been re i've been reestablished in the lighter is so good and penetrating that force can be in really reconstructing.

992
02:15:39.760 --> 02:15:51.940
William Ouimet: In examining that that activity Okay, the charcoal hearth one is not as well known, but you can do a similar plot, as you can for the land use the land clearing what you see here and black.

993
02:15:52.510 --> 02:16:01.930
William Ouimet: projected against the Connecticut land land land cover curve is the number of I have active iron furnaces and Northwest Connecticut and certainly right in that.

994
02:16:04.030 --> 02:16:13.270
William Ouimet: You have a peak iron industry and fitness activity associated with peak land clearing and that's probably when in Connecticut we had peak land clearing associated with.

995
02:16:13.690 --> 02:16:21.220
William Ouimet: agricultural activities and peak land clearing associated with basically a timber harvesting for charcoal production okay.

996
02:16:21.580 --> 02:16:25.300
William Ouimet: And I don't know how many people are familiar with this part of connecticut's history.

997
02:16:25.840 --> 02:16:30.790
William Ouimet: But it's a really it's a really rich and interesting one, and I think the lidar is really illuminating really nicely.

998
02:16:31.210 --> 02:16:40.630
William Ouimet: Just the that particular impact, whereas the stone wall has been an iconic land form in the northeast for quite some time, the charcoal hearth platform I would hope is becoming an.

999
02:16:41.800 --> 02:16:47.440
William Ouimet: A nice iconic platform land form that really speaks to this this particular type of land use activity.

1000
02:16:48.430 --> 02:16:56.620
William Ouimet: And that that really was revealed from lidar, this is one of these curiosities What are those features, not knowing what they are.

1001
02:16:56.890 --> 02:17:11.770
William Ouimet: And then someone and then seeing know potter give a northeast GSA poster on it, I believe in 2012 maybe 11 and they were he was beginning to find some of these features in Pennsylvania, and then putting the two two and two together and then.

1002
02:17:12.940 --> 02:17:15.970
William Ouimet: Basically, going wholesale on that for the Northeast as well.

1003
02:17:16.540 --> 02:17:27.700
William Ouimet: it's broader than norm it's probably the Northwest Connecticut it's all over the Northeast, and this is an industry that is that is widespread and growing and significance in terms of its ability to map the spatial variation.

1004
02:17:28.390 --> 02:17:37.180
William Ouimet: Okay, so what we've been doing we've been using all of these great lidar data sets and the derivative topographic variables from them slope hill shade.

1005
02:17:37.990 --> 02:17:45.040
William Ouimet: To basically map all of these features as best as we can stone walls and charcoal horse being the two that I will focus on.

1006
02:17:45.580 --> 02:17:54.100
William Ouimet: focus on today, and then we'll get a little bit of experience with in the homework so homework assignment in the the workshop the workshop assignment.

1007
02:17:54.790 --> 02:17:59.710
William Ouimet: And so, largely this is, you know as in most things, when you first begin we get an Arc.

1008
02:18:00.040 --> 02:18:09.940
William Ouimet: You know we're just digitizing we're on we're interpreting and digitizing so it's learning how to interpret and then and then connecting that with the ability to to digitize on screen and so.

1009
02:18:10.630 --> 02:18:18.700
William Ouimet: that's what you have here but it's more than that we've moved on to the development of of deep learning and automated extraction algorithms i'll show you some of those results as well.

1010
02:18:19.240 --> 02:18:29.110
William Ouimet: As as kind of beyond the scope of this workshop really but really where the science is currently about how we are actually choosing to go about extracting and mapping these particular resources.

1011
02:18:29.740 --> 02:18:36.310
William Ouimet: So just to show you the progress you know I had some students through the years have been really focused at the town level.

1012
02:18:36.670 --> 02:18:46.090
William Ouimet: And we do this, we try to complete one full town, so that we can compare the data we get for some walls with other with other geographic and demographic data for that particular town.

1013
02:18:46.660 --> 02:18:55.870
William Ouimet: there's really no it's working at the town level is arbitrary we we will we'd like to map everywhere, but it just when when you don't set a boundary it's harder to link that with other information.

1014
02:18:56.230 --> 02:19:01.390
William Ouimet: I don't have on here that all the new Hampshire data that's been mapped by to the new Hampshire.

1015
02:19:02.140 --> 02:19:08.980
William Ouimet: map or This is all the data that my as of today, you know year and a half ago, all the data that various students that I and i've had.

1016
02:19:09.640 --> 02:19:13.420
William Ouimet: kind of mapping out where those were the distribution of these these stone walls are.

1017
02:19:13.870 --> 02:19:24.970
William Ouimet: And so that the so the dream scenario would have the whole region mapped out and the ability to critically, evaluate and quantify spatial distribution in related to other other aspects, so there's lots of questions.

1018
02:19:25.570 --> 02:19:34.660
William Ouimet: We published papers on on this and some relationships to surface the geology, for instance, and the orientation of stone walls relative to the the glacial.

1019
02:19:35.710 --> 02:19:42.910
William Ouimet: The orientation of the glacial scouring you know I put reference to some of those publications in in the documentation for.

1020
02:19:43.630 --> 02:19:49.540
William Ouimet: module three or section three I encourage you to go look at those i'm happy to talk more about those with anybody who anybody who's interested.

1021
02:19:50.170 --> 02:19:59.020
William Ouimet: But just what the data looks like a little bit you know getting a little bit closer look at different towns where where we we can confidently feel that with you have been systematically map.

1022
02:19:59.470 --> 02:20:10.210
William Ouimet: And so you know, there you know what number how accurate, you know I would you know because stone walls are always preserved through time you know somewhere between 80 to 90% of the stone walls that were probably here.

1023
02:20:10.570 --> 02:20:23.890
William Ouimet: are being asked by these by these particular these methods and you can see, Nice spatial variation and and places where you have you know ash ashford and goshen astra nice for are pretty what did for Eastern Connecticut.

1024
02:20:24.310 --> 02:20:37.060
William Ouimet: relative to some of the other towns and they were historically relative some of the other towns in the region nice a nice example of this kind of in central Massachusetts to kind of on either sides of the Connecticut river Valley.

1025
02:20:38.440 --> 02:20:48.100
William Ouimet: Significant variation and the density and then the wall length and areas basically all into the ruggedness of these towns, basically, you know the the farmland.

1026
02:20:48.940 --> 02:20:59.710
William Ouimet: was selected and they were looking for smoother glacial terrain, but the drum wins rather than the more rugged wooded areas to build to clear land for a significant.

1027
02:21:00.160 --> 02:21:05.290
William Ouimet: Long term fields and other activities, so you can see a nice relationship between the historical historical documents.

1028
02:21:05.860 --> 02:21:12.340
William Ouimet: yeah here's just a plug for the North, the stonewall map or so rick talked to us early on, he loved our work that we were publishing and.

1029
02:21:12.760 --> 02:21:24.670
William Ouimet: He got ahead of us in terms of publishing the first kind of public public stonewall mapper so and he's had a lot of people and new Hampshire working with him to kind of map out the entire state of new Hampshire and so.

1030
02:21:25.270 --> 02:21:35.230
William Ouimet: it's great to see and i'll expose you to our Members who are trying to do the same thing, and hopefully someday collectively in a cloud based sense will have a very large region.

1031
02:21:35.800 --> 02:21:47.620
William Ouimet: Of the Northeast map for these particular and these particular features switching gears to the charcoal hearts, so this has been this has been a little bit different the way we're covering ground each of these kind of.

1032
02:21:48.820 --> 02:21:51.670
William Ouimet: data sets here reflect just different places that we're finding.

1033
02:21:52.180 --> 02:22:01.840
William Ouimet: Historical historical charcoal activity, not surprisingly there's a nice relationship between these cluster areas and what areas where there is historic iron industry or iron works.

1034
02:22:02.200 --> 02:22:13.780
William Ouimet: or some some some place where there was early early processing of iron ore that was required, and so you needed a high high high amount of fuel for that and charcoal became the local fuel.

1035
02:22:14.560 --> 02:22:20.050
William Ouimet: And so you so you So these are areas, we have not been systematic and not in all of New England in any way.

1036
02:22:20.590 --> 02:22:28.150
William Ouimet: But we're beginning to cover in the special distribution of this particular feature throughout the throughout the Connecticut and we've mapped over 30,000 of them.

1037
02:22:28.630 --> 02:22:40.780
William Ouimet: Today, and again, these are these are fun undergrad projects that first year students get to learn lidar they get to learn a little bit of a history, a little bit about lidar data mapping and they get to contribute to these these regional data sets.

1038
02:22:41.980 --> 02:22:49.120
William Ouimet: about these historical archaeological features and then we're building we're building these regional data sets that can be analyzed for other things to.

1039
02:22:49.780 --> 02:22:55.900
William Ouimet: Where we are doing a lot of fieldwork a lot of soil analysis and soil work has also been done on law, the Allies sites.

1040
02:22:56.410 --> 02:23:11.440
William Ouimet: I, this was the this was the first systematic area that we put we published really kind of honing in on the the iron industry in Northwest Connecticut tied into some very important in historic individual iron furnaces and you can see the blue here.

1041
02:23:12.520 --> 02:23:21.670
William Ouimet: Basically, reflecting all these individual charcoal hearts and just a nice historic air photo historic photo on the left just showing like a field completely denuded.

1042
02:23:22.240 --> 02:23:32.500
William Ouimet: or top down in terms of his trees cut into five cut into four four foot boards, essentially, and this is where it needs to those boards gets piled up and put into the into the.

1043
02:23:33.190 --> 02:23:38.770
William Ouimet: into the individual charcoal hearts Okay, and so the most the most systematic that we've been.

1044
02:23:39.340 --> 02:23:50.410
William Ouimet: In these Berkshire county in Connecticut, my group has maps systematically and then Columbia county was mapped by a gentleman Conrad bespoke a company that is out in Dutch in that part of.

1045
02:23:50.800 --> 02:24:00.370
William Ouimet: And that part of New York and so these are places where we can be pretty confident about our the systematic nature that we've mapped these features and then of course the interesting spatial patterns emerge.

1046
02:24:00.820 --> 02:24:07.780
William Ouimet: The dominance of the Northwest corner iron corridor but but, again, and then that continuing into the berkshires and even into Vermont.

1047
02:24:08.770 --> 02:24:18.280
William Ouimet: But then interesting pockets of this activity this denser network in other parts of the state, the area near the middlesex hartford tall county area.

1048
02:24:18.670 --> 02:24:24.970
William Ouimet: Now there's a Colchester ironworks that we're pretty sure was the main the main player, for all the activity that was.

1049
02:24:25.330 --> 02:24:30.100
William Ouimet: In that in that part of the state, when I don't haven't done enough research yet to know where.

1050
02:24:30.640 --> 02:24:36.160
William Ouimet: Where the iron was coming for the processing in Colchester was it a local bog iron or they actually.

1051
02:24:36.640 --> 02:24:40.390
William Ouimet: was their local iron ore that without that led to that to that particular industry.

1052
02:24:40.780 --> 02:24:50.290
William Ouimet: So again, all questions emerging based on this curious land form that we then start to systematically map throughout the region, and again a little differently than, then the region that is the.

1053
02:24:51.250 --> 02:24:57.730
William Ouimet: The stonewall extent so super super happy to happy to see that okay so then so then getting into the nitty gritty a little bit.

1054
02:24:58.270 --> 02:25:10.180
William Ouimet: The details of the mapping and where we are with the mapping, so what what that's the background and there's a lot more there a lot more analysis that are in some publications i'm happy to talk more about the analysis that comes from this.

1055
02:25:10.630 --> 02:25:12.190
William Ouimet: And there'll be future work coming out.

1056
02:25:12.730 --> 02:25:24.580
William Ouimet: But I do want to provide more visuals for just examples of in the lidar because what I want to gear up towards is giving you your own piece of lidar typography and just having you have when you have fun map out.

1057
02:25:25.120 --> 02:25:29.560
William Ouimet: map out some of the historical features that you see there and then and then to kind of.

1058
02:25:30.100 --> 02:25:37.330
William Ouimet: be able to understand where they are, how they're mapped and you know what what resolution their best viewed at so on and so on and so forth okay.

1059
02:25:37.840 --> 02:25:46.570
William Ouimet: So, essentially, these are the these are typically on screen and digital digitalization efforts, where you're you know you're always coupling it with other information, like the air photo.

1060
02:25:47.110 --> 02:25:58.630
William Ouimet: But you have some lidar derivative slope hill shade, and then you basically on screen digitalization the image on the lower left just shows you like the the vertices and the starting and ending points.

1061
02:25:58.930 --> 02:26:13.600
William Ouimet: of individual lines, so you know you do want to zoom in to a reasonable extent less than 123 thousand usually to have a good view of the landscape, to be able to actually visualize and put a line on the map okay.

1062
02:26:14.650 --> 02:26:21.760
William Ouimet: And I should say to that we often talk about these deficits as lidar derived data, we do not go and field check all of them.

1063
02:26:22.300 --> 02:26:33.820
William Ouimet: So they're not perfect representations of space, but but we've you know we're beginning to query and and analyze the quality of that data from and how various from from individual user individual user.

1064
02:26:34.630 --> 02:26:44.950
William Ouimet: there's always limitations again if you can take nothing from my previous part of a lecture is take that notion of lidar quality ultimately gives rise and and temporal.

1065
02:26:45.640 --> 02:26:55.870
William Ouimet: timestamp to ultimately give rise to reasons that features may or may not be there, or may or may not be visible right, so we always have point spacing vegetation time have a spring issue that ultimately.

1066
02:26:56.590 --> 02:27:11.710
William Ouimet: gives us the point cloud, which gives us the DM and the hill shade that we use to do this mapping, we also have just changed through times this examples and Lebanon shows pretty nicely some walls that were in the aerial imagery and 34 but then were removed to make larger farm fields.

1067
02:27:13.150 --> 02:27:16.030
William Ouimet: later on in the 20th century, so sometimes the walls that removed.

1068
02:27:17.560 --> 02:27:23.680
William Ouimet: Because of evolving agricultural practices so so like we always talk about our ladder based.

1069
02:27:24.280 --> 02:27:29.440
William Ouimet: stone wall maps and charts there a minimum we do the best that we can we try to map only the features that are pretty clear.

1070
02:27:29.920 --> 02:27:36.130
William Ouimet: And so we tried not not to map features if they're not clear, so so we so there's a there's a.

1071
02:27:36.490 --> 02:27:45.190
William Ouimet: We may, under map and there's a lower limit to what we can actually capture and then there's the idea that the future maybe obscured by more recent activity, and this is a good example so.

1072
02:27:45.490 --> 02:27:53.890
William Ouimet: So and suburban areas and more developed areas are and another good example part of them, the lidar point cloud exercise if you zoomed into the hartford one.

1073
02:27:54.340 --> 02:28:03.610
William Ouimet: You can see what it looks like in a suburban area and, like there's so much modification to the land surface sidewalks roads how's the houses that those tend to tend to.

1074
02:28:04.150 --> 02:28:10.240
William Ouimet: tend to dominate the lidar signature and you can't see features that may that may be there as well, such as such as a stone wall so.

1075
02:28:10.810 --> 02:28:25.510
William Ouimet: So so dense conifer forest types or areas in heavy urban, suburban areas are always going to be harder harder to map because it's going to be harder to differentiate the future from other from other aspects okay.

1076
02:28:26.290 --> 02:28:33.130
William Ouimet: Just some field map, so we So there are a clear distinction, so when you go out and field, and I know that Thor.

1077
02:28:34.360 --> 02:28:37.480
William Ouimet: Robert thorson is working on a paper of stone wall classification.

1078
02:28:38.170 --> 02:28:48.940
William Ouimet: That really allows us to differentiate these more subtle kind of stone stone bands or low walls to what you might call double or broad walls in the lower images and so then there's a spectrum of.

1079
02:28:49.480 --> 02:28:57.220
William Ouimet: Quality and classification and these walls How does that relate to lidar right and we certainly We certainly know that we're doing a really good job of.

1080
02:28:57.730 --> 02:29:03.760
William Ouimet: delineating in deciduous forests these really broad very clear single double and broad walls that stand out.

1081
02:29:04.180 --> 02:29:15.220
William Ouimet: Above above the above the forest canopy they may be somewhere between 40 centimeters and a meter and a half wide somewhere between me height, and you know mid chest height okay.

1082
02:29:15.790 --> 02:29:21.400
William Ouimet: Those are going to be pretty easy easily viewable, particularly in the in the latter derivatives, but you do have these sunless.

1083
02:29:21.910 --> 02:29:34.990
William Ouimet: More low walls which may which may have been used for not as long time, but that do still have expressions but they're harder to see right so there's always a Gray area and what what what's well expressed in the light versus what is not.

1084
02:29:35.440 --> 02:29:40.240
William Ouimet: And again when I say well expressed, I really mean it at the, this is the meter to five meter.

1085
02:29:42.550 --> 02:29:48.730
William Ouimet: pixel size right really find scale differentiation in that in that in that kind of lower lower resolution area.

1086
02:29:49.000 --> 02:29:54.880
William Ouimet: So a higher resolution that sense okay so so that that that's pretty clear that becomes apparent when you spend a lot of time.

1087
02:29:55.180 --> 02:30:02.800
William Ouimet: walking some of these forest where you know, there are these stone walls and the lidar but you may see more in the field, because there's more because the cell walls as well.

1088
02:30:03.220 --> 02:30:14.980
William Ouimet: Because the land was used for that activity and you end up seeing the clear walls and the subtle smaller smaller walls and this one, this is just an example of how this plays out in terms of mapping exercise.

1089
02:30:16.000 --> 02:30:23.170
William Ouimet: here's This is my house area and kind of mansfield where you have the slope APP and the hill shade in the upper and the upper panels and then.

1090
02:30:23.920 --> 02:30:27.640
William Ouimet: US kind of delineating some of these clear and more subtle features.

1091
02:30:28.060 --> 02:30:35.470
William Ouimet: With two different polygons just are two different colors the red being the clear walls in the blue being the subtler and subtler feature so sometimes you might want to.

1092
02:30:35.770 --> 02:30:39.430
William Ouimet: denote how clear are certain you are in your ability to map these.

1093
02:30:40.060 --> 02:30:46.360
William Ouimet: These individual features, so this is this, so this is what, so this is kind of what we're hoping that you'll do and the exercise.

1094
02:30:46.750 --> 02:30:52.780
William Ouimet: As matt the stone walls, in addition to mapping the charcoal hearts and you'll have some experience looking at it some lidar derivatives.

1095
02:30:53.380 --> 02:31:00.640
William Ouimet: In that context So where are we going with this so i've got two students working on lidar mapping of stone walls in general.

1096
02:31:01.120 --> 02:31:08.320
William Ouimet: And we're kind of doing two things one is we're like having a whole bunch of users map the same the same image, so that almost like this, like.

1097
02:31:08.800 --> 02:31:15.880
William Ouimet: cognitive experiment of different users different expertise levels how often do we recognize the same feature, and what percentage of the walls.

1098
02:31:16.480 --> 02:31:21.190
William Ouimet: Are we are we all mapping and how does that relate to kind of feel verified stone walls.

1099
02:31:21.610 --> 02:31:28.630
William Ouimet: And then we have G one do you want to work with with deep learning taking the same area and applying different deep learning algorithms.

1100
02:31:28.870 --> 02:31:35.530
William Ouimet: That are based off different combinations of the of the raster hill shape of the roster data sets the hill shades and the slope maps.

1101
02:31:36.190 --> 02:31:44.650
William Ouimet: To kind of kind of play that off so that so this This is like ongoing work where hope we're working this up towards publication, but again, it really addresses two things.

1102
02:31:45.370 --> 02:31:51.760
William Ouimet: You know that had to do with the overall practice of mapping stone walls and then and then how that plays out.

1103
02:31:52.360 --> 02:31:55.420
William Ouimet: And you'll notice when I when I compare like the field verified to the.

1104
02:31:55.930 --> 02:32:01.420
William Ouimet: To the one in the middle, like we you know we combine all for users, we pretty much get everything right.

1105
02:32:01.720 --> 02:32:11.620
William Ouimet: But some of those users over map and the map features that aren't really stovall so there's a sweet spot in there, that really reflects kind of the average user versus the knowledgeable user versus that the novice.

1106
02:32:11.890 --> 02:32:20.380
William Ouimet: But I should emphasize like I got all the time I I let undergrads very, very basic introduction and they're mapping stone walls within 20 minutes.

1107
02:32:21.160 --> 02:32:29.470
William Ouimet: And they're putting lines and it's pretty clear to them, particularly in the forest and terrain worth deciduous it's harder, of course, where you get intersection of.

1108
02:32:29.980 --> 02:32:38.560
William Ouimet: Active fields and urban areas and roads in general, so this is this is something I always just kind of reflects the kind of the state of the art in terms of where we are with this particular feature.

1109
02:32:40.330 --> 02:32:46.090
William Ouimet: This is the same thing applied over a towns, this is like a wives, the blue is our hand digitized for Cornwall.

1110
02:32:46.570 --> 02:32:52.240
William Ouimet: And then two different attempts at the map so G one is literally were discussing and processing this data right now.

1111
02:32:52.600 --> 02:32:59.380
William Ouimet: But, at first glance, you should be impressed I hope of just how good at these algorithms are picking out these walls and these features.

1112
02:32:59.890 --> 02:33:07.690
William Ouimet: In the in the lighter and the tends to be a lot of false positives right where the model thinks that there's some walls that I that that either are there.

1113
02:33:08.260 --> 02:33:17.800
William Ouimet: That we didn't we didn't actually map with our approach or are actually not not not not there, so so stay tuned for that, but it does reflect kind of the latest.

1114
02:33:18.670 --> 02:33:27.310
William Ouimet: latest work that we're doing to really analyze and produce these these maps of historic features okay and and the poster about the the user.

1115
02:33:28.210 --> 02:33:38.380
William Ouimet: The post we so we have a session that GSA a Thor is leading it i'm kind of co chair, but it's basically it's about the stone walls in the region and there's a bunch of this work being presented.

1116
02:33:38.830 --> 02:33:47.770
William Ouimet: In that session it's Monday morning, I believe, and then God will present some more deep learning john will present some of the user stuff and then i'll present.

1117
02:33:48.070 --> 02:33:59.530
William Ouimet: And Thor will present some of the stonewall classification and some of the field studies that we're doing to calibrate between between the two, so if you're more interested in seeing more with the group is doing.

1118
02:33:59.980 --> 02:34:04.960
William Ouimet: Please, please, please tune in Monday morning for the next part of GSA.

1119
02:34:05.710 --> 02:34:13.960
William Ouimet: Next week Okay, and then just moving on to charcoal horse which other feature that people have less experience with usually, when they we've made we begin this process.

1120
02:34:14.740 --> 02:34:24.640
William Ouimet: This is just again a summary slide that shows that progression from from 19th century feature to 20th century morphology to how its seen in the lidar to.

1121
02:34:25.120 --> 02:34:32.440
William Ouimet: In the point cloud how its seen in the hill shade that's derived and hill shade and slope maps that are derived from the DM which are derived from.

1122
02:34:32.890 --> 02:34:43.810
William Ouimet: From the point cloud Okay, and so these are really and again there's a note here that that can't see right now, but you know when you go in the field and look at these the average diameter is somewhere between nine.

1123
02:34:44.230 --> 02:34:50.650
William Ouimet: To 15 meters sometimes they're larger sometimes they're a little smaller, but it really puts that in that sweet spot for a feature is big enough.

1124
02:34:51.100 --> 02:34:55.930
William Ouimet: To clearly be seen in the wider but maybe with with with low quality lidar might not be as good see.

1125
02:34:56.740 --> 02:35:03.280
William Ouimet: largely because it's a it's a more single isolated feature rather the along along broad wall okay oh.

1126
02:35:04.240 --> 02:35:11.560
William Ouimet: Okay um so just just some some images of how this plays out with the lidar data, so you know the stone walls are really good.

1127
02:35:12.070 --> 02:35:20.890
William Ouimet: The hill shades in many ways preferred for stonewall mapping is slow map, it is if you're used to looking at slope Apps can can accentuate what you see in the hill shades.

1128
02:35:21.550 --> 02:35:26.830
William Ouimet: In many ways, it's more true representation of the more of the morphology that's actually expressed in the liner.

1129
02:35:27.610 --> 02:35:38.500
William Ouimet: But the charcoal hearts, in general, the platforms are much better expressed in slope maps then actually heal shade So here we advocate kind of switching over to thinking about slope maps, as opposed to heal shades.

1130
02:35:39.520 --> 02:35:44.590
William Ouimet: For mapping and individuals charcoal horse because it just it's a feature that that's accentuated better.

1131
02:35:45.160 --> 02:35:52.270
William Ouimet: When you can see that deviation is flat platform, from whatever background topography is adjacent to it, and again this is well expressed.

1132
02:35:53.110 --> 02:35:59.320
William Ouimet: Here there's really nice and intricate differences between the two, we have we have we have what we call.

1133
02:35:59.710 --> 02:36:06.010
William Ouimet: charcoal hearts on kind of steeper terrain vs vs flat terrain and they tend to be a circular ditches on flatter trust.

1134
02:36:06.790 --> 02:36:14.020
William Ouimet: versus kind of platforms cut out of a clear hill slope, in the case of be on a slope so there's Nice.

1135
02:36:14.620 --> 02:36:24.880
William Ouimet: enter your kind of differences, the ditch around them relates to the callers digging up the soil around it to cover the charcoal while they're harvesting it and actually.

1136
02:36:25.600 --> 02:36:31.150
William Ouimet: Burning it so it's actually you need they need some of that soil and then it gets accentuated by.

1137
02:36:31.570 --> 02:36:39.460
William Ouimet: The degradation of the of the Platform after after its abandoned so again so to Nice examples of the different morphology that kind of reflect.

1138
02:36:39.850 --> 02:36:48.880
William Ouimet: The terrain, that the charcoal hearth is is built is built in so again just did just a lot more visuals not don't need to linger.

1139
02:36:49.360 --> 02:36:57.130
William Ouimet: This particular area we've done a significant amount of fieldwork kind of critically evaluating the soils that are that are expressed in these different types.

1140
02:36:57.460 --> 02:37:07.270
William Ouimet: of individual charcoal heart sometimes their stone walls, too, so the terrain is not entirely given over to one type of land use activity so you'll see a combination of charcoal activity.

1141
02:37:07.810 --> 02:37:14.710
William Ouimet: In areas that are at also have stone walls and activity of historic agriculture, agriculture, in addition to that process.

1142
02:37:15.940 --> 02:37:25.660
William Ouimet: And again they're they're often very well expressed on steep slopes and they're easy to differentiate from neighboring topography, when they are on on in steeper terrain.

1143
02:37:26.200 --> 02:37:33.880
William Ouimet: And, and they were also you can begin to see some of the trails and roads and there's a really nice kind of cultural story here of like.

1144
02:37:34.270 --> 02:37:42.730
William Ouimet: Sometimes you know you're hiking the appalachian trail, and you go right over a charcoal hearth and that that's because the charcoal and the appalachian trail was put on an old.

1145
02:37:43.120 --> 02:37:51.310
William Ouimet: trail that had that was put there for by the call years when when this activity was it was it was occurring, and so you can sometimes even seen reconstruct.

1146
02:37:52.870 --> 02:38:00.370
William Ouimet: The paths and the modes of transport in the charcoal from these these kind of temporary earth instructors all the way down to where they're headed.

1147
02:38:01.060 --> 02:38:03.460
William Ouimet: just another example of some of these features, whether they're.

1148
02:38:04.000 --> 02:38:11.320
William Ouimet: Pretty dense pretty kind of dominate most of the typography here and then contrast that to some examples in eastern Connecticut.

1149
02:38:11.680 --> 02:38:20.920
William Ouimet: Where they're kind of more isolated and they're not as regularly spaced and it's kind of more randomly randomly spaced throughout throughout the landscape so so understanding that behavior.

1150
02:38:21.940 --> 02:38:32.710
William Ouimet: dense dense charcoal terrain versus more isolated charcoal terrain, there are nuances to this and we're going to expose you in the exercise to it to a dense nutrient dense area.

1151
02:38:33.220 --> 02:38:38.980
William Ouimet: Interesting differences around the region, you know, sometimes i'm really steep terrain that look more like a teardrop shape.

1152
02:38:39.790 --> 02:38:46.420
William Ouimet: As opposed to a circular sometimes they're concentrate at the base of a slope, so you can imagine, clearing the trees on the slope.

1153
02:38:47.170 --> 02:38:55.060
William Ouimet: Getting the wind down to the base of the slope and then processing processing the charcoal kind of right right right near that you know that the edge of that.

1154
02:38:55.840 --> 02:39:06.460
William Ouimet: So it's just nice examples of that variation and then and then also kind of speaking more broadly we haven't done as much mapping in Vermont but we're we're beginning to end, so in Vermont.

1155
02:39:07.180 --> 02:39:14.950
William Ouimet: there's some indication that a lot of these a lot bigger and so you know, one of the important aspects here is that there were cultural differences between.

1156
02:39:15.610 --> 02:39:26.020
William Ouimet: This process and there's different expertise is across the region, and so there is some indication that that the the style and the size kind of owes to expertise and also.

1157
02:39:26.950 --> 02:39:34.900
William Ouimet: Because it's it's harder to make the bigger charcoal balance because it's more dangerous right, so it takes more expertise and practice to do them so maybe there's there's a nuance of cultural.

1158
02:39:35.260 --> 02:39:42.610
William Ouimet: and historical artifact of that process kind of preserve, even in the side when you go up to Vermont will also gets interesting is that.

1159
02:39:43.570 --> 02:39:53.080
William Ouimet: You know vermont's known for for all, for all its line in stone kills as well, so I should have clarified this when i'm when i'm talking about are essentially earthen kills.

1160
02:39:53.440 --> 02:40:01.720
William Ouimet: That are temporary features on hill slopes that are only used for a couple times right the contrast is to process and make charcoal and kill.

1161
02:40:02.230 --> 02:40:15.040
William Ouimet: and have more control because it's a stone and or in brick structure and so sometimes this process of charcoal and was absolutely occurring say in Vermont but it wasn't me occurring through a process of of.

1162
02:40:15.700 --> 02:40:20.800
William Ouimet: Temporary earth and kills it was processing through stone and brick brick kiln so so.

1163
02:40:21.730 --> 02:40:38.650
William Ouimet: People Victor Ronaldo Orlando worked on this in the 90s really I slit in nicely beautiful examples of these he didn't have lidar and so now we can add lidar and his approach, and so, so the image on the left is this in the middle of a forest two miles away from any road.

1164
02:40:39.700 --> 02:40:48.070
William Ouimet: and beautiful stack of what must be permanent stone brick kilns that were that were there at the time for processing widespread amounts of.

1165
02:40:48.490 --> 02:40:55.930
William Ouimet: Forest hardwood into charcoal to be processed locally locally at the site and then ultimately brought to where it where it was needed it was needed next.

1166
02:40:56.320 --> 02:41:08.080
William Ouimet: And so, those are those are well, those are will express as well we're also doing we're also doing some automated extraction with charcoal horse some papers and some master's thesis and work that's being done.

1167
02:41:09.100 --> 02:41:16.210
William Ouimet: In that regard, using remote sensing techniques that have to do with object object identification, you can imagine, these are so.

1168
02:41:16.720 --> 02:41:22.630
William Ouimet: individually and circular and they're so deep they said they deviate so clearly from neighboring typography.

1169
02:41:23.200 --> 02:41:38.770
William Ouimet: That extraction algorithms are usually pretty good at picking them out, particularly when you're on steeper and steeper terrain okay so um that that's you know I could keep going on, but I actually didn't take the whole time, which is good, so what I want to do now is transition.

1170
02:41:39.790 --> 02:41:48.280
William Ouimet: For the first to the first mapping exercise okay so based on what we had what i've given you as an overview you're going to go into.

1171
02:41:48.760 --> 02:41:53.380
William Ouimet: The homework three for homework folder sorry I keep saying homework because i'm teaching these classes right now.

1172
02:41:54.100 --> 02:42:03.910
William Ouimet: But the Google drive folder number three which has which pertains to the first mapping exercise, which is mapping historical features Okay, and so you are given this as your base map.

1173
02:42:04.630 --> 02:42:16.330
William Ouimet: In your gut in your goal over some period of time, maybe is to is to produce a map of these features, now the one nuance to this is that.

1174
02:42:17.860 --> 02:42:24.610
William Ouimet: We recognized early on Janet and I did that, for these not being exercises we can't have you map directly in our.

1175
02:42:25.630 --> 02:42:31.420
William Ouimet: And so we are where we were doing for both exercises, we are giving you the base map.

1176
02:42:32.140 --> 02:42:37.360
William Ouimet: or number of base maps, because we give you a slow down for you to the hill shade, we give you an error photo we give you the typography OK.

1177
02:42:38.110 --> 02:42:56.140
William Ouimet: And then, and then we we advocate bringing those into bringing those into somebody like illustrator or PowerPoint and then just be getting this just begin to annotate with with points in lines that reflect different colors and reflect different features.

1178
02:42:57.340 --> 02:43:05.110
William Ouimet: And again, the learning objective here is more to kind of begin the process of of interpreting that, based on what you've learned interpreting.

1179
02:43:05.500 --> 02:43:11.650
William Ouimet: The land form and then and then putting an object on the map that delineates a boundary in the case of.

1180
02:43:12.160 --> 02:43:20.110
William Ouimet: or a deposit in the case of superficial mapping or a line or a Polygon or a feature in the case of historic historic mapping.

1181
02:43:20.560 --> 02:43:28.630
William Ouimet: Okay, so that that's that's the objective and and maybe it's it's hopefully it's pretty straight straightforward and clear, but it is.

1182
02:43:28.960 --> 02:43:35.590
William Ouimet: Your opportunity to kind of discover for yourself where these features are in this particular this particular image, and so I do give you.

1183
02:43:36.520 --> 02:43:45.520
William Ouimet: The hill hill street map and the slope map because, as I just mentioned there's different strengths and weaknesses to those two data sets for mapping historical historical features.

1184
02:43:46.030 --> 02:43:59.980
William Ouimet: Okay, so i'm just gonna i'm going to stop sharing for a second and i'm just going to go back out to the web meeting here Okay, so in the folder okay so just just a little bit of note about this.

1185
02:44:01.090 --> 02:44:04.540
William Ouimet: If you'll notice that if you go to the exercise instructions.

1186
02:44:05.620 --> 02:44:12.640
William Ouimet: What we what we hope, people are doing at this point in the workshop is that there are they are aware of the Web map viewers.

1187
02:44:13.330 --> 02:44:16.240
William Ouimet: you've seen the one for the lidar but this, we also have one for the state.

1188
02:44:16.810 --> 02:44:32.350
William Ouimet: We actually draw boxes around the focus areas for both mapping exercise, and so you can see those very well expressed, hopefully in in the main web web map or so let me put another link to it right here so that it's that that we're i'm referring to the same thing to everybody.

1189
02:44:33.790 --> 02:44:36.250
William Ouimet: So explain in the chat to everybody.

1190
02:44:37.480 --> 02:44:42.190
William Ouimet: Close I don't need that reminder i'm just gonna, this is the, this is the main web map i'm referring to.

1191
02:44:43.150 --> 02:44:52.060
William Ouimet: If you haven't done so already you can you can see we've delineated some focus areas for both the historic feature mapping and also the official mapping exercise.

1192
02:44:52.660 --> 02:44:59.290
William Ouimet: So you do not you it's possible to just do the mapping with bait the base maps we provide we hope.

1193
02:44:59.830 --> 02:45:09.850
William Ouimet: That you also use the Web map zoom in you can you can zoom in more you can pan around you can get a little bit more perspective, you can get a different zoom scale than we provide so we really do hope that.

1194
02:45:10.330 --> 02:45:17.140
William Ouimet: Both of these exercises are done in companion, with the Web APP So you can see, the other resources available to you in the Web map.

1195
02:45:17.920 --> 02:45:28.930
William Ouimet: But, ultimately, the goal is to map outside of the Web map and that's because it's not easy to make and save lines and polygons in the web, the Web map viewer now.

1196
02:45:30.250 --> 02:45:42.760
William Ouimet: And i'm perfectly aware that some of you are capable of doing this kind of editing directly in Arc and so, if you if you could go to Arc right now, you could go do that but it's probably going to take too long to get set up with that so so here's the goal.

1197
02:45:43.780 --> 02:45:46.660
William Ouimet: I actually have there's actually two goals for this this homework assignment.

1198
02:45:47.740 --> 02:45:49.270
William Ouimet: I keep saying homework, I apologize.

1199
02:45:50.680 --> 02:45:59.170
William Ouimet: I we want everyone to spend 2020 minutes or so trying to annotate that image with different land forms that reflect historic land use OK.

1200
02:46:00.250 --> 02:46:10.060
William Ouimet: And then, but what I also do is you'll notice that the end of that I give you links to the public domain Community matters.

1201
02:46:10.750 --> 02:46:19.210
William Ouimet: That for both the charcoal hearts and the stone walls Okay, so what I want you to leave this exercise with is is two things one.

1202
02:46:19.840 --> 02:46:36.640
William Ouimet: Experience trying to do some of this mapping what it looks like because solidifying your understanding of what these features look like in lidar and putting some points in lines confidently on on on a map and then to recognizing that once you are aware of how these features look.

1203
02:46:37.810 --> 02:46:46.180
William Ouimet: To the degree that you want to you have the ability, now, to contribute to this new these regional datasets I mean anybody can go on and anytime today, tomorrow will.

1204
02:46:47.170 --> 02:46:55.810
William Ouimet: contribute data to these public mapper so ideally if there's enough time I would love for you to do the mapping exercise or attempted or started.

1205
02:46:56.080 --> 02:47:03.790
William Ouimet: And also spend a little bit of time trying to go to the online mapper and like add add one add one data point to the to the Community.

1206
02:47:04.360 --> 02:47:09.520
William Ouimet: And then know that that this point forward, you can always go and do and do more of that community based based mapping.

1207
02:47:10.090 --> 02:47:15.070
William Ouimet: Because it's really both that i'm trying to emphasize in this in this particular in this particular segment.

1208
02:47:15.670 --> 02:47:25.960
William Ouimet: Okay, so it's 12 I think we said we were break for lunch around 1230 but, given the delay why don't we just push that to the 12 and 1240 or so so for the next 40 minutes.

1209
02:47:26.800 --> 02:47:37.570
William Ouimet: let's do the same, that we just did a little bit of question and discussion to those who want but transitioning to to the formal mapping exercise.

1210
02:47:38.650 --> 02:47:46.150
William Ouimet: I didn't put this down I would love it if i'm going to go put a folder up online I would love it if you feel comfortable just popping up your map.

1211
02:47:47.050 --> 02:47:58.540
William Ouimet: To the Community to so I can see some see some examples of completed maps from from from the people in the audience it we will you will use the data largely to just track, you know where people are.

1212
02:47:59.170 --> 02:48:05.110
William Ouimet: With this kind of an introduction, there is an answer key and we can show that answer key later.

1213
02:48:05.740 --> 02:48:15.820
William Ouimet: it's in the folder you can go look, if you want to look early on, you can try not to for for the learning objective but but go ahead and try this out.

1214
02:48:16.630 --> 02:48:24.100
William Ouimet: And again, we sorry we're sorry that we can't make the onscreen digitization work within the GIs interface it's part of the virtual environment.

1215
02:48:24.580 --> 02:48:31.900
William Ouimet: But I think you you you if you work in illustrator or in PowerPoint you can immediately say what you do and not lose track of anything.

1216
02:48:32.680 --> 02:48:40.690
William Ouimet: So that's what I would encourage you to do and I, and I think for this exercise, I give you at least three prompts for features to map.

1217
02:48:41.320 --> 02:48:48.100
William Ouimet: But there's there's two optional prompts if you are sorry to optional prompts if you if you choose to do so okay so again.

1218
02:48:49.030 --> 02:48:55.120
William Ouimet: there's a companion document and exercise, you can look through it, it basically I gave you I just gave you the summary.

1219
02:48:56.020 --> 02:49:01.660
William Ouimet: But again, so we're going to stop assuming there's no broader questions just about details on that.

1220
02:49:02.230 --> 02:49:06.280
William Ouimet: will give rise to this kind of work period where people can kind of come and go, as they please.

1221
02:49:06.910 --> 02:49:17.770
William Ouimet: And I would love it I would love it if if people can accomplish those two objectives over the course of the next half hour to 40 minutes so again, you leave with a experience of doing both okay that's my overall.

1222
02:49:20.800 --> 02:49:23.710
William Ouimet: That that's why my overall goal okay.

1223
02:49:25.030 --> 02:49:33.580
William Ouimet: Alright, so we'll stop there, and hopefully everything's a self explanatory in terms of the folder and the files and in terms of where to go next alright.

1224
02:49:34.600 --> 02:49:35.350
William Ouimet: Thanks everyone.

1225
02:49:41.200 --> 02:49:37.000
William Ouimet: i'm gonna mute myself, I had to take a quick phone call related stuff at home.

1226
02:49:37.001 --> 02:49:42.030
William Ouimet: so beautiful covert example the truck won't start my wife can pick up my son at school, so.

1227
02:49:44.310 --> 02:49:48.690
William Ouimet: i'm here okay so um let's um.

1228
02:49:50.580 --> 02:49:56.490
William Ouimet: let's enter this exercise period so again same as last time, those who are curious when asked questions go ahead right away.

1229
02:49:57.240 --> 02:50:08.970
William Ouimet: dig into the exercise a little bit ask questions again, hopefully, everything is self explanatory and you find what you need to do to do the exercise, and I look forward to getting your feedback about how it's going.

1230
02:50:26.370 --> 02:50:28.140
William Ouimet: Good we're all busy I like it.

1231
02:50:32.040 --> 02:50:32.580
William Ouimet: hey Janet.

1232
02:50:36.450 --> 02:50:36.930
jrstone: Yes.

1233
02:50:38.340 --> 02:50:38.940
i'm done.

1234
02:50:41.910 --> 02:50:43.410
William Ouimet: I plowed through all those slides.

1235
02:50:43.680 --> 02:50:50.430
jrstone: So that was good um, are there any of the charcoal horse in this exercise area.

1236
02:50:50.610 --> 02:50:54.900
jrstone: Absolutely oh i've never seen one of those before I want to find one.

1237
02:50:55.380 --> 02:50:57.900
William Ouimet: Well, I go to the slope map the slopes much more.

1238
02:50:58.170 --> 02:51:03.360
William Ouimet: Okay, much more clear in terms of again small circular anomalies.

1239
02:51:04.440 --> 02:51:07.410
William Ouimet: And in relation to background slope typography.

1240
02:51:12.390 --> 02:51:13.230
Woody Thompson: well.

1241
02:51:13.590 --> 02:51:16.770
Woody Thompson: Yes, I got a question for you, but to trickle horse.

1242
02:51:17.040 --> 02:51:17.970
William Ouimet: hey what are you doing.

1243
02:51:18.420 --> 02:51:28.380
Woody Thompson: Good six years ago I worked with Janet and other people on the official state map of Connecticut and I was compiling and mapping in the.

1244
02:51:28.890 --> 02:51:40.020
Woody Thompson: housatonic valley region, including the northwestern part of the state where there are lots of trickle horse yeah and, of course, there was no lidar back then, so I was using a.

1245
02:51:40.470 --> 02:52:05.220
Woody Thompson: black and white leaf off air photos and in the hardwood for us round Sharon and cat in that area, I saw some of these hearts I didn't know what they were at that time they were simply black dots on the air photos but what was also curious about them was that around each heart site.

1246
02:52:06.240 --> 02:52:15.540
Woody Thompson: There was a radiating spider web of what look like trails where they may have brought would end to be earned.

1247
02:52:16.680 --> 02:52:35.430
Woody Thompson: and eventually someone told me what these hearts were, but I still don't know what these radio features might be and I don't see him on the lidar they may be very shallow not much relief, but I was just wondering if you'd see any of those on one or another kind of imagery.

1248
02:52:36.630 --> 02:52:47.580
William Ouimet: So um I think that there's there there's two ways looking at this, the lidar is absolutely revealing the most common morphology right.

1249
02:52:48.510 --> 02:52:53.520
William Ouimet: Which and I kind of described the two types, but there are interesting feet, there are interested aspects to some.

1250
02:52:54.090 --> 02:53:02.460
William Ouimet: You know, there are some that are actually the mound is still there, because they never they never burned charcoal says a couple of places where that that that it actually is still a mound.

1251
02:53:03.090 --> 02:53:15.390
William Ouimet: And then there's also the ones that have been reconstructed and some of the State parks and state areas, they often have trails around them, they often have ditches around them, they often they can have actual.

1252
02:53:16.410 --> 02:53:20.160
William Ouimet: occupation sites small foundations were collars are actually living.

1253
02:53:20.640 --> 02:53:28.170
William Ouimet: While they're doing that, while they're doing that probation sometimes they're building it sometimes it's semi permanent sometimes or small farms, the small small um.

1254
02:53:28.620 --> 02:53:39.600
William Ouimet: You know, somewhat small gardens so there's a lot of interesting aspects to the the, the more the morphology right adjacent to them, I would love to find the exact example you're referring to.

1255
02:53:40.950 --> 02:53:41.250
William Ouimet: You know.

1256
02:53:41.790 --> 02:53:42.840
William Ouimet: That can imagine.

1257
02:53:43.620 --> 02:53:50.010
William Ouimet: I would imagine, is it a perfectly circular rating and thing or just in general trails emanating.

1258
02:53:51.540 --> 02:53:58.260
William Ouimet: You know I absolutely see trails coming and going and migrating through this what I call lent charcoal terrain.

1259
02:53:59.940 --> 02:54:00.150
Woody Thompson: A.

1260
02:54:01.710 --> 02:54:22.650
Woody Thompson: Straight linear features, ranging from the burning sites and i'll go back through my field maps and notes and and see if I can pinpoint where some of them were then we can look at the awesome photography the old era photos whatever to see if we might make them show up.

1261
02:54:22.740 --> 02:54:36.960
William Ouimet: That would be awesome I would love to see this variations I love I love you know where this product is taking me again it's a perfect expression, and what we mean this workshop some of that wasn't even on my radar and that was all over my radar what we can see in lidar.

1262
02:54:37.410 --> 02:54:39.960
Woody Thompson: that's this is really sorry, who was there was a talk on.

1263
02:54:40.140 --> 02:54:50.520
Woody Thompson: This subject at northeast GSA a couple years ago what had been one of your students I don't know what was the young lady give a really good talk or poster session on the horse.

1264
02:54:50.820 --> 02:55:00.570
William Ouimet: yeah that was that it's probably Kate Johnson, who was my my PhD student and she she was a historical archaeologists to so she had a lot of interest in historical site a science, so I would say to me that.

1265
02:55:01.920 --> 02:55:08.580
William Ouimet: You know the question of the impact on forest and vegetative like there, there are plenty of papers that do talk about.

1266
02:55:09.360 --> 02:55:19.530
William Ouimet: decreased moisture because these are these are layered charcoal deposits, so the inability to drain water well so high higher higher soil moisture content and then too much charcoal to allow.

1267
02:55:20.580 --> 02:55:26.100
William Ouimet: Sustained vegetative growth so that, so there is interesting hints to suggest that there is an impact on the local.

1268
02:55:26.520 --> 02:55:32.550
William Ouimet: vegetation it but it's not widespread and it's not like you walk up to every one of these, and you see no trees, or no shrubs.

1269
02:55:33.120 --> 02:55:40.350
William Ouimet: Sometimes, sometimes there's no differentiation in the forest sometimes there is so I would also be if there's clear examples of them.

1270
02:55:40.830 --> 02:55:53.190
William Ouimet: have them impacting the forest enough that you can see it in the imagery i'd love to see that as well, and maybe we can reconstruct where that where that is based on on your old field your field notes that would be great yeah.

1271
02:55:53.250 --> 02:55:55.650
Woody Thompson: Okay, good thanks yep.

1272
02:55:57.480 --> 02:56:02.730
William Ouimet: So Alan asked is the base map, do you reference, unfortunately, it is, it is not it's an export from Arc.

1273
02:56:05.070 --> 02:56:16.290
William Ouimet: But the the, the best way to kind of combine it with geographic information is just it's just because zoom in on that same focus area in the arc map and that that gives you some notion of.

1274
02:56:17.040 --> 02:56:23.700
William Ouimet: Space relative to other areas where you, we are you thinking of just bringing it into our because our you asked.

1275
02:56:30.600 --> 02:56:33.960
Alan Benimoff: yeah yeah yes, I was thinking about that.

1276
02:56:34.800 --> 02:56:44.430
William Ouimet: That would have been a good thing if I made like a geo PDF or something like that you could have opened it in in software and open it in directly in Arc I should have thought of that.

1277
02:56:44.820 --> 02:56:47.370
Alan Benimoff: Okay it's fine, but thank you anyway.

1278
02:57:06.630 --> 02:57:09.660
William Ouimet: We still got 46 people, this is good, I haven't lost anyone yet.

1279
02:57:13.680 --> 02:57:20.010
William Ouimet: jenna I don't know if you've got those emails but a couple people have been coming and going because they had classes or other things that they.

1280
02:57:20.250 --> 02:57:25.320
William Ouimet: yeah you know I think Susanna o'connell had to get a coven shot today.

1281
02:57:26.550 --> 02:57:28.920
William Ouimet: So she was like oh that's good take precedent over this, but yet.

1282
02:57:31.560 --> 02:57:33.270
jrstone: So yeah my second one on.

1283
02:57:33.930 --> 02:57:35.130
jrstone: On Friday, so.

1284
02:57:35.490 --> 02:57:37.200
William Ouimet: that's great that's great.

1285
02:57:41.670 --> 02:57:51.030
William Ouimet: And then Paulson says that you'd love to do the assignment but he's got some other stuff to do so, I knew that was gonna happen to is however much and how many of you can actually do the exercise, it would be great.

1286
02:57:52.620 --> 02:57:53.850
William Ouimet: I we.

1287
02:57:55.410 --> 02:57:58.470
William Ouimet: it's a matter of time and focus and vironment.

1288
02:57:58.980 --> 02:58:01.290
Paul Olsen: My GSA presentation yeah.

1289
02:58:01.380 --> 02:58:02.100
William Ouimet: No it's understanding.

1290
02:58:04.770 --> 02:58:05.460
Margaret Thomas: Well, to.

1291
02:58:06.120 --> 02:58:07.380
Paul Olsen: Trust finite time.

1292
02:58:07.950 --> 02:58:08.760
William Ouimet: Sorry doors.

1293
02:58:09.660 --> 02:58:09.840
Now.

1294
02:58:12.600 --> 02:58:13.320
William Ouimet: What about you go.

1295
02:58:13.800 --> 02:58:15.450
Margaret Thomas: Now I just had a quick question.

1296
02:58:16.530 --> 02:58:31.830
Margaret Thomas: To the algorithms get tripped up by differentiating between stone walls and fences because there's a lot of linear features that I would tag as a stone wall, but then, when you toggle on the imagery you realize it's a fence line.

1297
02:58:33.030 --> 02:58:46.350
William Ouimet: Right, so a lot of what my group is been doing or slowly exploring is like the nuances of the mapping process and all the things that can go wrong, even when you're digitizing by hand right you too close to an active field.

1298
02:58:47.550 --> 02:58:56.250
William Ouimet: Like sometimes I just had the edge of a field transitioning to to forest will appear as a linear feature where there's no wall at all.

1299
02:58:57.660 --> 02:59:08.790
William Ouimet: So you know I think the answer is that the algorithms are going to be good at delineating linear features that are equivalent to the type of linear features that are.

1300
02:59:09.240 --> 02:59:19.170
William Ouimet: Are in the training module so what you'll notice about deep learning is that's all about how you train it right, so you give it like imagine just giving it 1000 different examples of what a wall looks like.

1301
02:59:19.920 --> 02:59:32.190
William Ouimet: right and it will it'll it'll basically returns a map which gives you the likelihood of pixels in that unknown matching what is what it's been trained to believe is a stone wall okay.

1302
02:59:33.150 --> 02:59:41.130
William Ouimet: And so, so if if enough of your training is perfect and maybe maybe there's ways around the more nuanced.

1303
02:59:41.580 --> 02:59:53.310
William Ouimet: linear linear features, but the long and short of it is these approaches will always have false positives and but but they're surprisingly good at mapping, the ones that we think are there.

1304
02:59:54.540 --> 03:00:02.730
William Ouimet: And and and and then you know with a remote sensing an exercise like that it's often comes in the post processing and, ultimately, what you're trying to get out of.

1305
03:00:03.390 --> 03:00:13.350
William Ouimet: Of the analysis right if the goal is to get 80% of what's there then man that's a really quick way to do it, but if your goal is to be 99% accurate you're never going to get to that point right.

1306
03:00:14.370 --> 03:00:20.310
William Ouimet: So there is a trade off in that in that and and and you'll you'll see that all over the machine and deep learning.

1307
03:00:21.630 --> 03:00:29.370
William Ouimet: A landscape is it just like how well you training it and then where do you want to apply it right, so I think with with john and I are like starting to think about.

1308
03:00:30.030 --> 03:00:35.790
William Ouimet: Like yeah we want to start mapping wholesale areas with a deep learning algorithm but we're not going to map we're going to exclude.

1309
03:00:36.240 --> 03:00:44.490
William Ouimet: anything near near buildings and roads and impervious surfaces and we're going to we're going to exclude conifer for us we're going to focus it on deciduous forests types.

1310
03:00:45.060 --> 03:00:53.670
William Ouimet: And maybe will it will even exclude the boundaries of modern farmland right which could also delineate other other linear features as well, so.

1311
03:00:53.970 --> 03:01:02.460
William Ouimet: So maybe the model will be really good at mapping in widespread deciduous forests but but never really be that good at mapping in.

1312
03:01:02.910 --> 03:01:09.150
William Ouimet: The more complicated areas to map, but those are those areas are hard to map with your I just as they are hard to map with.

1313
03:01:09.810 --> 03:01:15.090
William Ouimet: With a model, the example i'm giving everyone for the exercise is definitely in the middle of a forest.

1314
03:01:15.780 --> 03:01:31.770
William Ouimet: No, no real impact of any other any other human modification, although there is some what I what I would call kind of the the rocky bump bedrock the bedrock terrain, which is bumpier and therefore it's harder to delineate features, where the typography is more variable so.

1315
03:01:35.490 --> 03:01:38.040
William Ouimet: yeah you don't you know how it is maddie like.

1316
03:01:39.090 --> 03:01:46.260
William Ouimet: These machine algorithms are gonna be great but they're never gonna be perfect so you're always gonna have to wait way how much you want to rely on them.

1317
03:01:47.820 --> 03:02:04.410
William Ouimet: Like it's all over the earth sciences, in this day did or earth earth and earth data in informatics is it's the discipline that's being called is that taking advantage of machines to do a lot of work for you, but not not you know not 100% of it so.

1318
03:02:05.880 --> 03:02:14.550
Margaret Thomas: yeah it's hard to characterize everything that you can see from your own experience you're you're trying to build the experience of the algorithm.

1319
03:02:15.720 --> 03:02:19.110
Margaret Thomas: To make as many matches as possible but.

1320
03:02:20.730 --> 03:02:25.800
William Ouimet: So can I get a thumbs up for anyone who has successfully put a stone wall or a taco hard on their map.

1321
03:02:30.420 --> 03:02:33.090
William Ouimet: Good some thumbs good I like it, I like it.

1322
03:02:34.170 --> 03:02:37.980
William Ouimet: I didn't I think that's so cool I can just I can count the thumbs as they go up that's good.

1323
03:02:38.580 --> 03:02:47.850
Nick Hastings: It will I did that, for a little while, and then I went over to a place where I know there are because there's a color exhibit in rockland preserve in northern Madison near the Durham border.

1324
03:02:48.210 --> 03:02:56.970
Nick Hastings: Nice and just compared the what i'm used to looking at it in in some of the layers versus the slope and boy did they pop out.

1325
03:02:57.030 --> 03:03:00.420
William Ouimet: yep yeah the Madison area is interesting, I think I.

1326
03:03:02.370 --> 03:03:08.070
William Ouimet: I, we have not met that are you should go ahead and map it on the on the public mapper and get them up there it'd be really good to get those up there.

1327
03:03:08.550 --> 03:03:09.780
Nick Hastings: yeah they actually have.

1328
03:03:11.730 --> 03:03:13.470
Nick Hastings: They actually have like a reconstructed.

1329
03:03:15.510 --> 03:03:25.200
Nick Hastings: charcoal you know mound, but you can add around the forested area that we're all the hiking trails are, and I can see at least you know 10 or 12.

1330
03:03:25.620 --> 03:03:34.050
William Ouimet: that's great that's great and when and where there's some there's usually more and then, when you begin to kind of equitable your eyes to the process that sounds great.

1331
03:03:35.100 --> 03:03:44.550
William Ouimet: that's super cool I love that there's that I hear about these things happening in the state and it's there's really a lot going on on the charcoal industry as well known.

1332
03:03:44.910 --> 03:03:48.690
William Ouimet: it's a great lectures there's great field work good good to feel the exhibits.

1333
03:03:49.230 --> 03:04:01.440
William Ouimet: Somehow I just want to connect all this lidar work that we're doing to that, sooner rather than later, we haven't published we're getting the public's but it's not necessarily connected in that public Community sense cool thanks so much Nick.

1334
03:04:05.430 --> 03:04:10.380
William Ouimet: So, Alexander says i'm trying to download images from PDF files.

1335
03:04:13.530 --> 03:04:15.990
William Ouimet: john brooks said click open.

1336
03:04:17.910 --> 03:04:19.980
William Ouimet: yeah baby where to go john.

1337
03:04:23.250 --> 03:04:26.640
William Ouimet: that's great What did you map in john what Program.

1338
03:04:35.490 --> 03:04:37.920
John Brooks: I just put things in PowerPoint cool.

1339
03:04:40.500 --> 03:04:43.980
William Ouimet: So Alex are you still having problems downloading anything Alex that true.

1340
03:04:49.440 --> 03:04:50.010
Alexander Zdzinski: Yes.

1341
03:04:51.300 --> 03:05:04.170
Alexander Zdzinski: And the thing that I try to do what I have the PDF open book won't save a the graphic files right don't see it, maybe i'm not familiar enough with the interface of the PDF.

1342
03:05:06.060 --> 03:05:06.360
Alexander Zdzinski: But.

1343
03:05:07.470 --> 03:05:13.590
William Ouimet: I mean, I think the way to do it is bring it bring it bring the PDF do you have the PDF on a PowerPoint slide.

1344
03:05:14.820 --> 03:05:28.140
Alexander Zdzinski: Oh, all I haven't saved to my hard drive as a folder but it when I tried with the PowerPoint up.

1345
03:05:30.330 --> 03:05:33.630
Alexander Zdzinski: looked like graphic images, but i'm not sure how.

1346
03:05:37.260 --> 03:05:41.400
William Ouimet: I mean, I think I understand you correctly, I think the goal is.

1347
03:05:44.040 --> 03:05:58.980
William Ouimet: We if you have a blank PowerPoint slide open, you know you can you can go to your folder show where the file is in the fall in this drag that file with the PDF into the on the PowerPoint slide and it should copy in.

1348
03:05:59.310 --> 03:06:00.660
Alexander Zdzinski: Okay i'll try that.

1349
03:06:01.080 --> 03:06:04.470
William Ouimet: And then, once it's there the idea would just be the annotate above it when.

1350
03:06:05.550 --> 03:06:05.880
William Ouimet: With.

1351
03:06:07.110 --> 03:06:09.270
William Ouimet: Images like lines lines and dots.

1352
03:06:11.310 --> 03:06:14.340
William Ouimet: As anyone so so Nick are you on the public mapper right now.

1353
03:06:17.310 --> 03:06:19.200
Nick Hastings: No, I was just actually looking at the.

1354
03:06:21.360 --> 03:06:27.720
Nick Hastings: I was looking at the the short course main web APP that you put up and just zeroed in on where I knew it was good.

1355
03:06:27.780 --> 03:06:28.440
William Ouimet: That sounds great.

1356
03:06:35.250 --> 03:06:39.930
William Ouimet: hey Paul your hand is still raised, I know that you have you would love to ask questions but.

1357
03:06:43.530 --> 03:06:45.270
William Ouimet: I think that's from like two hours ago.

1358
03:06:50.250 --> 03:06:52.950
Paul Olsen: was my hand raised just a crap.

1359
03:06:57.420 --> 03:06:57.960
William Ouimet: If you go.

1360
03:06:59.310 --> 03:07:06.480
William Ouimet: There you go well, I knew it was from earlier it's been up there, the whole time but like when you raise your hand you're on the top of the list everything seems like.

1361
03:07:08.190 --> 03:07:11.010
Paul Olsen: that's because I was a second person online.

1362
03:07:11.430 --> 03:07:11.730
yeah.

1363
03:07:13.410 --> 03:07:14.460
William Ouimet: Oh well, that's cool.

1364
03:07:18.990 --> 03:07:22.920
Paul Olsen: i've been I have a project with the Pennsylvania state survey.

1365
03:07:23.910 --> 03:07:24.330
Nice.

1366
03:07:25.350 --> 03:07:34.170
Paul Olsen: A mapping to get his bird basin, it was the triassic basin, which is always been basically unknown territory for me.

1367
03:07:36.150 --> 03:07:45.090
Paul Olsen: i've ignored it almost my whole life you've not been all over the rest of the triassic basins, and the reason is because nothing fit into any.

1368
03:07:46.620 --> 03:08:04.440
Paul Olsen: Anything I mean I know anything you found was just kind of a floater had no strategic thing and nothing except you might you might know if you're in the gettysburg shale or the new Oxford formation or diabetes, this is not useful, so I.

1369
03:08:05.520 --> 03:08:07.620
Paul Olsen: But I took a look at y&r.

1370
03:08:08.850 --> 03:08:13.920
Paul Olsen: Oh, my God the strategic three was louder.

1371
03:08:15.150 --> 03:08:15.870
Paul Olsen: than the diet.

1372
03:08:17.730 --> 03:08:33.600
Paul Olsen: You could see it so clearly that literally in 30 seconds I knew where I was trying to graphically and virtually the holidays, and so I asked the strip is the apartment building a natural resources, you know, can we have a project here.

1373
03:08:35.700 --> 03:08:37.140
Paul Olsen: Use the lidar to do.

1374
03:08:38.310 --> 03:08:56.070
Paul Olsen: A straw man hypothesis, and then we go out and we test the hypothesis, by taking a couple of strategic Paleo next Annapolis and comparing it to the Newark basin section, which we know in great detail because it's been poured in its entirety.

1375
03:08:58.020 --> 03:09:01.080
Paul Olsen: And that test the correlation you know, only a few spots.

1376
03:09:04.290 --> 03:09:04.680
Paul Olsen: and

1377
03:09:06.390 --> 03:09:13.890
Paul Olsen: it's a test going to start in the spring, very shortly actually and i'm all vaccinated.

1378
03:09:17.250 --> 03:09:18.630
Paul Olsen: So i'm ready to go.

1379
03:09:18.930 --> 03:09:22.680
Paul Olsen: Nice hopefully not, in fact, many people in my travels of that.

1380
03:09:24.450 --> 03:09:26.160
The science behind that is.

1381
03:09:28.650 --> 03:09:30.120
Paul Olsen: That still unknown so.

1382
03:09:34.800 --> 03:09:36.030
William Ouimet: Alex you good now.

1383
03:09:37.350 --> 03:09:37.800
Alexander Zdzinski: Sorry.

1384
03:09:38.310 --> 03:09:39.360
William Ouimet: Are you good Alex.

1385
03:09:39.900 --> 03:09:54.480
Alexander Zdzinski: No i'm not getting anywhere with the the I mean that stress, I tried plenty on the slide it doesn't i'd, be it doesn't seem to accept it as a like a graphic mm hmm.

1386
03:09:56.040 --> 03:10:02.910
Alexander Zdzinski: I it may just be I don't know enough about PowerPoint or I don't know enough about how to handle pdfs.

1387
03:10:04.080 --> 03:10:04.260
Alexander Zdzinski: You.

1388
03:10:04.950 --> 03:10:07.860
William Ouimet: want me to try to and upload it as a.

1389
03:10:10.170 --> 03:10:11.460
William Ouimet: As an image file instead.

1390
03:10:11.940 --> 03:10:20.130
John Brooks: yeah well I couldn't I couldn't drag the PDF and apart quiet, I did a screen on prod pad, and so I think it does have to be some type of cake bake.

1391
03:10:20.460 --> 03:10:21.390
William Ouimet: Okay, so i'll give you.

1392
03:10:21.510 --> 03:10:23.430
William Ouimet: That hold on i'll put.

1393
03:10:26.250 --> 03:10:26.790
William Ouimet: i'll put.

1394
03:10:28.440 --> 03:10:30.570
William Ouimet: i'll put non PDF images up right now.

1395
03:10:32.460 --> 03:10:41.640
Tyler P: If you have Microsoft edge as a Internet browser you can open it in the PDF in Microsoft edge and it has a little drop feature, you can use.

1396
03:10:42.750 --> 03:10:43.290
Okay.

1397
03:10:44.820 --> 03:10:47.610
Alexander Zdzinski: I may try either another more.

1398
03:10:48.780 --> 03:10:50.730
William Ouimet: Dan and have you found any chocolate hearts.

1399
03:10:51.540 --> 03:10:52.320
Maybe.

1400
03:10:53.340 --> 03:11:00.720
jrstone: i'm not trying to draw them because i'm in the in the online viewer but I there's like on the North side of us.

1401
03:11:00.900 --> 03:11:02.070
William Ouimet: So so for the.

1402
03:11:02.100 --> 03:11:08.790
William Ouimet: For the online viewers, you want to be zoomed in enough that you know 123 hundred maybe in the lower left you that far.

1403
03:11:08.910 --> 03:11:10.050
William Ouimet: yeah yeah.

1404
03:11:12.180 --> 03:11:20.820
William Ouimet: So in the in the black box focus area for the homework, as well as how about go to the box to the north, the high density charcoal heart area.

1405
03:11:22.380 --> 03:11:23.370
William Ouimet: If you really want to see them.

1406
03:11:25.590 --> 03:11:36.330
William Ouimet: And then yeah so basically on on the the whole when the whole Eastern fourth of the image has a bunch of the assignment and also the.

1407
03:11:37.050 --> 03:11:51.690
William Ouimet: The Western kind of West South Western portion on the on the hill there, so what I find so interesting Janet about like your eyes versus mine is that, like you probably How often do you you you work do you zoom into that scale.

1408
03:11:51.750 --> 03:11:52.800
jrstone: This is like this, all the.

1409
03:11:52.800 --> 03:11:58.650
jrstone: Time all the time, but I tend to not see the human made.

1410
03:11:58.650 --> 03:12:00.630
jrstone: features, I mean I just screen them.

1411
03:12:03.570 --> 03:12:05.460
jrstone: i've never looked for these before.

1412
03:12:05.970 --> 03:12:08.010
jrstone: I can see so stone walls yeah.

1413
03:12:08.100 --> 03:12:14.700
jrstone: I mean those, of course, but i've never looked for these other things I would probably think they were boulders or something.

1414
03:12:14.730 --> 03:12:15.660
William Ouimet: yeah right right.

1415
03:12:18.510 --> 03:12:19.140
Well that's good.

1416
03:12:23.310 --> 03:12:25.170
William Ouimet: Well, you can always check the homework key if you want.

1417
03:12:25.890 --> 03:12:27.000
jrstone: I haven't tried to.

1418
03:12:27.150 --> 03:12:31.290
jrstone: go into the folder because i'm afraid i'll get lost with my screens but.

1419
03:12:39.240 --> 03:12:40.950
William Ouimet: Alright, so i'm going to put the to.

1420
03:12:42.780 --> 03:12:44.280
William Ouimet: hold on i'm going to try to put the both.

1421
03:12:45.540 --> 03:12:46.530
William Ouimet: The Non.

1422
03:12:53.850 --> 03:12:55.620
William Ouimet: Alex i'm putting them up right now.

1423
03:12:56.730 --> 03:12:57.270
Alexander Zdzinski: Okay.

1424
03:13:20.430 --> 03:13:30.600
William Ouimet: Alright, so I just so there should be a file of the right now, that is, the historic feature mapping hills hill shape map based PNG, which is an image file.

1425
03:13:31.230 --> 03:13:36.210
William Ouimet: Okay, and i'll do the same for the slope map, because you want probably want the slope map for that as well.

1426
03:13:38.940 --> 03:13:41.640
William Ouimet: see if that will will go in okay.

1427
03:13:46.710 --> 03:13:47.340
William Ouimet: success.

1428
03:13:48.390 --> 03:13:50.430
Alexander Zdzinski: i'm trying to find the files.

1429
03:13:52.980 --> 03:13:54.030
Alexander Zdzinski: Are they under that.

1430
03:13:57.870 --> 03:13:59.100
William Ouimet: So they're in folder.

1431
03:14:00.150 --> 03:14:02.820
William Ouimet: Short course folder three historic land use features.

1432
03:14:03.180 --> 03:14:12.690
William Ouimet: OK, and then they are the names all look familiar so there's historic feature mapping hill shade map face, both as a PDF and a PNG.

1433
03:14:13.530 --> 03:14:21.360
Alexander Zdzinski: Okay i'm not seeing any anything that says PNG all lives near pdfs.

1434
03:14:22.200 --> 03:14:23.220
William Ouimet: Just refresh the.

1435
03:14:23.220 --> 03:14:30.210
Alexander Zdzinski: screen, I see something has a has an icon not familiar with, let me try that.

1436
03:14:33.480 --> 03:14:35.700
Alexander Zdzinski: Okay, see.

1437
03:14:36.630 --> 03:14:42.420
William Ouimet: it's funny I I always do pdfs directly into my PowerPoint and maybe some of the new my computer so.

1438
03:14:42.630 --> 03:14:47.460
jrstone: I think older versions of PowerPoint didn't let you use pdfs.

1439
03:14:48.030 --> 03:14:50.070
William Ouimet: yeah it's an adobe vs Microsoft.

1440
03:14:50.940 --> 03:14:51.660
yeah.

1441
03:14:54.330 --> 03:14:55.020
See.

1442
03:14:56.850 --> 03:15:01.560
Alexander Zdzinski: Okay, I can save a PDF on God trying.

1443
03:15:06.630 --> 03:15:08.640
Alexander Zdzinski: i'll see if I can get into the.

1444
03:15:12.240 --> 03:15:17.430
William Ouimet: thumbs up or thumbs down has who has it has anybody looked at the public webmasters yet.

1445
03:15:27.540 --> 03:15:28.170
William Ouimet: We got one.

1446
03:15:48.960 --> 03:15:53.010
William Ouimet: Alright, so big picture here Janet it's 1230.

1447
03:15:54.690 --> 03:16:04.950
William Ouimet: We had originally said 1230 from lunch I just I just pushed it back to 1240 or so so pretty soon you wanted to tell everyone come back for 115.

1448
03:16:06.210 --> 03:16:07.350
jrstone: Your that's fine with me.

1449
03:16:07.560 --> 03:16:12.000
William Ouimet: And that extends so that we had that little that little FLEX time at the end of the day.

1450
03:16:14.040 --> 03:16:29.790
William Ouimet: that's supposed to be in the 230 to three 315 window, so I think 15 minutes whoa whoa I think we were booked until for as far as GSA is concerned, I didn't schedule so for so we could say 138 people want a little more extra time or we should we, how do you feel about that.

1451
03:16:30.570 --> 03:16:32.370
jrstone: Whatever you think i'm i'm.

1452
03:16:33.450 --> 03:16:34.740
William Ouimet: Well let's just say one let's.

1453
03:16:34.830 --> 03:16:40.530
William Ouimet: Just do 115 so that we can maybe get back to keep it close to three 315 or so.

1454
03:16:42.540 --> 03:16:49.590
William Ouimet: i'm not sure how the energy level will be if you know you know whether it was will linger later because people a lot of questions or not so we'll see so.

1455
03:16:50.970 --> 03:16:52.320
William Ouimet: Those of you who are listening.

1456
03:16:54.900 --> 03:16:56.400
William Ouimet: So I think what we'll do is.

1457
03:16:58.560 --> 03:17:00.270
William Ouimet: The next module will begin at 115.

1458
03:17:01.440 --> 03:17:03.570
William Ouimet: I would love for people to finish up.

1459
03:17:04.950 --> 03:17:18.450
William Ouimet: Trying what they're currently trying and then maybe get at least a couple people trying those those public matters, but I understand that everyone's got busy schedules when they want to break early for lunch that's fine by us to.

1460
03:17:19.950 --> 03:17:26.370
William Ouimet: But the idea would be to be back on maybe you leave your resume open I assume you can come in and out as you want to.

1461
03:17:27.150 --> 03:17:36.630
William Ouimet: But if you stay in then you'll know where things stand as a group, otherwise just log back in and make sure you're here by 115 we will, we will not begin the next module to 115.

1462
03:17:37.440 --> 03:17:47.580
William Ouimet: I will certainly stay on the whole time probably my lunch was muted, but if anyone does want to stay on ask questions or get feedback on the mapping.

1463
03:17:48.450 --> 03:17:56.490
William Ouimet: And what i'll do Janet when we start at 115 i'll just show the answer key to put a cap on that first part and then we'll and then we'll switch right over to you.

1464
03:17:57.390 --> 03:18:00.840
jrstone: Okay okay so um.

1465
03:18:02.460 --> 03:18:03.000
jrstone: Do you want.

1466
03:18:04.200 --> 03:18:08.790
jrstone: I have to share my screen right what when we come back on it 115 yep.

1467
03:18:08.910 --> 03:18:13.020
William Ouimet: You should be you should be able to open your PowerPoint I can help you.

1468
03:18:13.350 --> 03:18:18.750
jrstone: Well, my powerpoints already open, but I, I will just need to click that share screen button right.

1469
03:18:18.810 --> 03:18:32.910
William Ouimet: yep yeah and you'll notice there's a share screen and then one of the options under share screen is the actual Microsoft software icon you want to you can literally share the program and so not actually see like yeah that's The easiest way to do it.

1470
03:18:34.170 --> 03:18:35.970
William Ouimet: And once you do that it shares.

1471
03:18:36.060 --> 03:18:37.110
jrstone: I mean, I share that.

1472
03:18:37.140 --> 03:18:38.280
jrstone: Can you see my screen.

1473
03:18:40.020 --> 03:18:41.550
William Ouimet: Right, I have you started sharing it.

1474
03:18:42.120 --> 03:18:45.750
jrstone: Well, I clicked it, so I can see what we're showing up, but no I.

1475
03:18:46.740 --> 03:18:48.750
William Ouimet: Jen it's not a Co host that's not that's not right.

1476
03:18:53.370 --> 03:18:59.520
jrstone: I click share screen and I can pick my PowerPoint do you want me to do that or no.

1477
03:18:59.550 --> 03:19:01.410
William Ouimet: that's good I do that it seems simple let you.

1478
03:19:03.030 --> 03:19:05.550
jrstone: And then I can click share yep.

1479
03:19:05.970 --> 03:19:06.540
William Ouimet: You got it.

1480
03:19:07.290 --> 03:19:11.430
jrstone: Okay, so, but then I i'm using two screens so.

1481
03:19:11.730 --> 03:19:17.610
William Ouimet: now try the presenter mode is just see what then we'll know which screen is active.

1482
03:19:18.840 --> 03:19:20.040
William Ouimet: It just start the slideshow.

1483
03:19:23.070 --> 03:19:28.440
William Ouimet: That you're good yeah that's so you know you see a bunch of people, and then you see your slides right.

1484
03:19:29.820 --> 03:19:33.150
jrstone: I have, I have the presenter mode and one screen and.

1485
03:19:34.560 --> 03:19:43.170
jrstone: A of what people are supposed to see, on the other, I need to switch, I think, be Can you see my, what do you see do you see.

1486
03:19:43.740 --> 03:19:44.430
William Ouimet: where we are.

1487
03:19:44.850 --> 03:19:46.170
jrstone: right side cut off.

1488
03:19:47.280 --> 03:19:47.460
jrstone: or.

1489
03:19:47.790 --> 03:19:52.500
William Ouimet: Or do you see the full well, technically speaking, I do see like that there is a little bit of shrinkage.

1490
03:19:53.610 --> 03:19:55.560
William Ouimet: I like the usgs symbols cut up.

1491
03:19:55.920 --> 03:19:56.700
jrstone: So that that.

1492
03:19:57.150 --> 03:20:04.170
William Ouimet: Well that's presenter mode so that that shows that, I mean you could present an either, but to get full screen, you probably wanted don't want to do that.

1493
03:20:05.400 --> 03:20:12.330
jrstone: Now, but what are you seeing now you are you, you say you're seeing my right hand screen, which has got a problem with it because it cuts things off.

1494
03:20:12.450 --> 03:20:17.040
William Ouimet: No i'm now seeing the presenter mode, which has the main slide and the next slide.

1495
03:20:17.520 --> 03:20:19.470
jrstone: Okay, so I can't do that then.

1496
03:20:19.740 --> 03:20:27.720
William Ouimet: yeah yeah so you either so one idea is, are you on a computer than just a secondary monitor that can just be unplugged from your laptop.

1497
03:20:28.080 --> 03:20:39.420
William Ouimet: yep well I just do what I did is I just unplugged it for when I was giving the presentation and so I only had one screen and so that said and I that also was good, because then I was looking at the camera when.

1498
03:20:39.660 --> 03:20:44.400
jrstone: I was presenting yeah well so that's why I was hoping that I could keep the.

1499
03:20:46.530 --> 03:20:58.110
jrstone: Have the the viewer mode showing up on my my computer that has a camera but it's it's not switching I guess when I when I change it.

1500
03:20:58.440 --> 03:21:04.980
William Ouimet: yeah i'm trying to think what's the best way to do that now it's even more shrunk it's weird like I can't see any of the usgs symbol right now.

1501
03:21:07.410 --> 03:21:16.710
Paul Olsen: And if I can jump in it's off do you often have you have two monitors, you have your computer screen, monitor and then you have a separate monitor.

1502
03:21:16.800 --> 03:21:17.610
Paul Olsen: So right yes.

1503
03:21:18.120 --> 03:21:23.430
Paul Olsen: Okay, so you have to go down, where it says to them to the video symbol and look at.

1504
03:21:25.830 --> 03:21:32.040
Paul Olsen: might have to check see it says select cat if you if you go to the carrot it'll say select a camera.

1505
03:21:34.800 --> 03:21:37.650
Paul Olsen: If you have a separate you have a separate camera than one on your computer.

1506
03:21:38.160 --> 03:21:39.510
jrstone: No it's on the computer.

1507
03:21:42.720 --> 03:22:04.230
Paul Olsen: So you can't wait a little happen is, if you I found I didn't figure out a way to have presenter view show up off my main computer what usually happens is the presenter view or show my main computer screen and then the projected image like what will show up on the on my monitor.

1508
03:22:06.150 --> 03:22:12.540
Paul Olsen: which for me is fine, because I have a separate camera on top of my monitor, but you don't you want to look at your screen right.

1509
03:22:13.230 --> 03:22:19.770
jrstone: Well, I just want to show the slide so that's not partly cut off because my my separate monitor is.

1510
03:22:19.770 --> 03:22:24.510
jrstone: Not for some reason it's not it's cutting off part of the slide see I see.

1511
03:22:25.110 --> 03:22:27.150
Paul Olsen: I see, so I see that.

1512
03:22:31.080 --> 03:22:32.340
that's really interesting.

1513
03:22:34.110 --> 03:22:37.890
Paul Olsen: In PowerPoint you can see the whole screen, the whole slide.

1514
03:22:38.610 --> 03:22:43.290
jrstone: I see the whole slide in the presenter view where i've got the next slide showing up to.

1515
03:22:44.790 --> 03:22:47.520
jrstone: But, so I thought that if I.

1516
03:22:49.500 --> 03:22:51.990
jrstone: Was showing the putting the.

1517
03:22:55.200 --> 03:22:59.550
jrstone: The the what the view of what the viewers supposed to see on my.

1518
03:23:00.900 --> 03:23:07.080
jrstone: Computer slide, which also has a computer window, which has the the camera also that.

1519
03:23:07.410 --> 03:23:12.180
Paul Olsen: It would work, but you have in your view, a picture of the little box of yourself.

1520
03:23:15.000 --> 03:23:16.050
Paul Olsen: In other words, yes.

1521
03:23:16.350 --> 03:23:21.600
Paul Olsen: Okay, so, if you look to your left to that image you'll see a little double white line.

1522
03:23:26.580 --> 03:23:42.150
Paul Olsen: You have that I find that if I move that it changes the size of the screen that's that takes the taken up by your presentation and if you have the same thing, since you're sharing a screen that might change the aspect ratio.

1523
03:23:43.980 --> 03:23:45.600
Paul Olsen: So go general mode.

1524
03:23:48.390 --> 03:23:50.040
William Ouimet: So Janet yeah.

1525
03:23:53.250 --> 03:23:55.620
jrstone: Do you what are you seeing now well.

1526
03:23:55.650 --> 03:23:59.010
William Ouimet: Now we see that the the main slide and the next slide next to it.

1527
03:23:59.940 --> 03:24:02.250
jrstone: Okay, so it's my my monitor.

1528
03:24:03.360 --> 03:24:09.930
jrstone: that's plugged into the computer is only show no matter whether I switch it for myself or not.

1529
03:24:10.170 --> 03:24:12.510
jrstone: it's just showing showing the.

1530
03:24:15.240 --> 03:24:18.690
William Ouimet: Agenda up top it says display settings can you just switch the screens quickly.

1531
03:24:18.690 --> 03:24:21.930
jrstone: that's what i've done several times now, so now i'm switching and again.

1532
03:24:22.560 --> 03:24:23.430
William Ouimet: Have a duplicate.

1533
03:24:24.750 --> 03:24:26.250
William Ouimet: Have you tried duplicate or you just switching.

1534
03:24:26.610 --> 03:24:28.320
jrstone: Now I didn't know what you will admit.

1535
03:24:28.650 --> 03:24:30.810
William Ouimet: I mean that puts the same thing on each screen.

1536
03:24:31.590 --> 03:24:34.020
William Ouimet: Okay, just try that for just try that for a second.

1537
03:24:34.680 --> 03:24:35.100
jrstone: Okay.

1538
03:24:35.940 --> 03:24:37.530
William Ouimet: Well, that that's perfect.

1539
03:24:37.740 --> 03:24:38.070
jrstone: yeah.

1540
03:24:38.370 --> 03:24:41.130
jrstone: that's good you're not seeing the little pictures of me too.

1541
03:24:41.430 --> 03:24:47.580
William Ouimet: Yes, no, no, no, no, I I see the full screen the full slide no cropping and I see you, which is great.

1542
03:24:48.060 --> 03:24:50.250
William Ouimet: Okay we're good we're good we got it.

1543
03:24:50.550 --> 03:24:51.210
jrstone: Okay, so.

1544
03:24:52.380 --> 03:24:54.000
William Ouimet: yep awesome awesome.

1545
03:24:54.060 --> 03:24:55.560
jrstone: said I don't have the.

1546
03:24:57.420 --> 03:24:57.750
William Ouimet: Oh, you.

1547
03:24:57.930 --> 03:25:05.220
jrstone: Have that little menu, where you can where the tools are to change the slides and zoom in and stuff i'm not seeing that.

1548
03:25:05.970 --> 03:25:08.580
William Ouimet: Right, so you want to be able to zoom in.

1549
03:25:09.000 --> 03:25:10.500
jrstone: I would like to be able to zoom in.

1550
03:25:12.630 --> 03:25:13.830
jrstone: But I don't know.

1551
03:25:14.970 --> 03:25:17.310
jrstone: Maybe it's not it's just not gonna.

1552
03:25:18.660 --> 03:25:24.210
William Ouimet: What happens if you while you're presenting if you if you touch the slide does the zoom in option become an option.

1553
03:25:26.370 --> 03:25:27.750
William Ouimet: Right click it or touch it.

1554
03:25:30.090 --> 03:25:31.080
jrstone: Can you see my.

1555
03:25:32.130 --> 03:25:33.630
William Ouimet: cursor yep I can, Sir, Sir, sir.

1556
03:25:37.410 --> 03:25:40.980
jrstone: See all slides pointer options.

1557
03:25:44.550 --> 03:25:45.690
William Ouimet: What a screen option.

1558
03:25:47.700 --> 03:25:50.880
jrstone: Black screen white screen or cho taskbar.

1559
03:25:52.980 --> 03:25:58.800
William Ouimet: If you got to move your mouse to the lower left is that does the zoom options become no.

1560
03:26:00.180 --> 03:26:00.720
William Ouimet: No.

1561
03:26:02.730 --> 03:26:03.660
William Ouimet: interesting.

1562
03:26:05.520 --> 03:26:10.380
William Ouimet: zoom in button there, but I don't think that does what we want to do right because you want to be more dynamic.

1563
03:26:12.030 --> 03:26:15.090
jrstone: Oh, maybe I.

1564
03:26:15.210 --> 03:26:15.930
William Ouimet: Oh baby.

1565
03:26:18.150 --> 03:26:19.980
jrstone: I think that works, how do I get out now.

1566
03:26:22.230 --> 03:26:24.180
jrstone: Oh, it just you just click it it goes back.

1567
03:26:24.210 --> 03:26:29.280
William Ouimet: out that's great so you right click when you want to zoom hit the zoom in gives you a box.

1568
03:26:29.670 --> 03:26:30.390
William Ouimet: pop in.

1569
03:26:30.930 --> 03:26:32.430
William Ouimet: Good that's good right yep.

1570
03:26:32.460 --> 03:26:34.170
jrstone: that's good all right.

1571
03:26:35.280 --> 03:26:39.090
jrstone: Okay, so I know I need to and share right right.

1572
03:26:39.150 --> 03:26:42.030
William Ouimet: And is that, as far as soon as you want to go or did you want to.

1573
03:26:42.030 --> 03:26:44.160
jrstone: sell yeah no that's fine that's all I could do.

1574
03:26:44.160 --> 03:26:45.420
jrstone: Before so okay.

1575
03:26:47.070 --> 03:26:47.700
jrstone: um.

1576
03:26:49.200 --> 03:26:50.910
jrstone: New share pause here.

1577
03:26:51.600 --> 03:26:54.810
William Ouimet: yeah stop sharing if you bring your put your cursor to the top.

1578
03:26:56.550 --> 03:26:57.420
William Ouimet: It should just say.

1579
03:26:58.170 --> 03:27:00.990
jrstone: I see new share and resume share.

1580
03:27:04.380 --> 03:27:08.010
William Ouimet: yeah now you stop you stop the present visitation.

1581
03:27:13.800 --> 03:27:17.460
William Ouimet: Just click on that green that that the green or red the top and there should be.

1582
03:27:18.660 --> 03:27:19.680
William Ouimet: an option on the left.

1583
03:27:25.890 --> 03:27:28.200
jrstone: Stop share okay there it is alright.

1584
03:27:28.380 --> 03:27:28.620
So.

1585
03:27:30.390 --> 03:27:31.890
William Ouimet: Okay, everyone it's a.

1586
03:27:34.950 --> 03:27:35.640
William Ouimet: Like I said.

1587
03:27:37.230 --> 03:27:39.750
William Ouimet: I think the plan is the plan is we're going to resume at.

1588
03:27:41.760 --> 03:27:52.110
William Ouimet: Okay, just by just by a show of a thumbs up how many have you managed to start a map and put dots or lines on it thumbs up or down.

1589
03:28:00.930 --> 03:28:12.630
William Ouimet: I actually put a folder within the store if anyone wants to upload their map there quick screenshot that the more than happy to i'd love to kind of keep keep track of it or even posted in the in the chat either way it's fine by me.

1590
03:28:14.340 --> 03:28:23.370
William Ouimet: As anybody managed to open the public Community mapper and put a line or a.on the map that that is a stone wall or a charcoal hearth.

1591
03:28:26.970 --> 03:28:27.690
William Ouimet: No thumbs.

1592
03:28:29.130 --> 03:28:30.090
William Ouimet: All right, that's okay.

1593
03:28:33.420 --> 03:28:34.770
William Ouimet: You promised me, you will right.

1594
03:28:38.190 --> 03:28:41.220
William Ouimet: Okay, so at this point it's 1240.

1595
03:28:42.240 --> 03:28:49.260
William Ouimet: It we're technically in lunch break if anyone wants to I will eat I will stay on he all.

1596
03:28:50.910 --> 03:29:08.130
William Ouimet: He did my food, but if there's any questions or other things, if you want to talk about feel free to stay on otherwise log off and log back on and beyond by 115 for Janet Janet will begin her slides soon after 115 Okay, have a good lunch everybody.

1597
03:58:40.890 --> 03:29:09.000
William Ouimet: Oh you're muted.

1598
03:29:09.001 --> 03:29:12.660
William Ouimet: Everybody hear me so.

1599
03:29:14.820 --> 03:29:17.700
William Ouimet: Okay we're back post lunch.

1600
03:29:18.840 --> 03:29:20.100
William Ouimet: We have one.

1601
03:29:21.240 --> 03:29:26.580
William Ouimet: main section of the workshop to go and that's the transition to superficial mapping.

1602
03:29:27.690 --> 03:29:41.430
William Ouimet: And Janet will lead on those on those lecture slides in one bit, but just to put a nice conclusion on the previous portion in the last mapping exercise i'm just going to go ahead and share briefly.

1603
03:29:42.840 --> 03:29:43.740
William Ouimet: Share screen.

1604
03:29:50.250 --> 03:29:58.560
William Ouimet: Okay, so so we left off just thinking about this was the example terrain, which is all all completely forced it today forgot to mention that.

1605
03:29:59.100 --> 03:30:08.010
William Ouimet: But it has some nice expression of historic land use features, this was the hill shade, and this was the slope map and do a do a combination of both and looking closely.

1606
03:30:08.400 --> 03:30:17.880
William Ouimet: You might have produced a map that looks something like this, where the red lines are stone walls, the blue are charcoal charcoal hearts and then I actually went ahead and I added the.

1607
03:30:18.300 --> 03:30:25.170
William Ouimet: Building foundations, or some kind of structures and then the the the old road and some indication of trail.

1608
03:30:25.920 --> 03:30:35.190
William Ouimet: The trail that's running on the North Eastern portion of this map is the appalachian trail actually it goes right through this portion this portion of typography.

1609
03:30:35.970 --> 03:30:51.840
William Ouimet: So again, the the images I show, I was able to see from some of you were really illustrative that you can kind of see that I just pop back and forth between the two maps, you can see, when it comes to the charcoal Horace the blue dots that they're almost always nice anomalies.

1610
03:30:53.460 --> 03:31:05.520
William Ouimet: In the slope value, and of course the stone wall, so the the linear features, mostly down in the the valleys where it's was was used for that particular type of a store managers activity so.

1611
03:31:06.090 --> 03:31:12.810
William Ouimet: There was some time to ask questions, but we can, if there's a lingering aspects to this story mapping, please do let me know and we can.

1612
03:31:13.260 --> 03:31:25.230
William Ouimet: And when we wrap up if there's any lingering questions, please go ahead and ask them, the last thing i'll just say that I mentioned, is that if you do get around to trying the cloud based webmasters.

1613
03:31:26.340 --> 03:31:29.910
William Ouimet: By now you're a little bit more familiar with the interfaces of some of these web Apps.

1614
03:31:30.570 --> 03:31:41.190
William Ouimet: The idea is to go in, they have similar layers as the other ones, but these actually let you map individual features on your own, and then the minute you do that you put your name down your email address.

1615
03:31:41.640 --> 03:31:47.700
William Ouimet: And it gets part of the cloud and it saved in the server and it allows you to contribute directly to the.

1616
03:31:48.690 --> 03:32:02.280
William Ouimet: To to the process of collecting these features, there are a set of instructions within the folder folder three that speak to how to use these if you are interested, but, from this point forward, please consider yourself.

1617
03:32:03.900 --> 03:32:06.330
William Ouimet: Trained or at least aware of these these.

1618
03:32:07.530 --> 03:32:11.430
William Ouimet: These resources, and I would really look forward to anyone, contributing to the degree that they want.

1619
03:32:12.600 --> 03:32:21.720
William Ouimet: Okay, so i'll just go ahead and end there i'll stop share Janet and assuming we're all good to go will start next section.

1620
03:32:24.360 --> 03:32:28.800
jrstone: Okay i'm going to attempt to share my screen with you.

1621
03:32:31.500 --> 03:32:33.090
let's see I can't even there.

1622
03:32:36.120 --> 03:32:38.700
William Ouimet: Are the duplicate after it shares, I think, is the key.

1623
03:32:40.620 --> 03:32:40.980
Oh.

1624
03:32:42.180 --> 03:32:45.030
jrstone: OK OK i'm having click share screen yet.

1625
03:32:49.140 --> 03:32:51.630
jrstone: Oh, I see there's two.

1626
03:32:53.970 --> 03:32:55.680
jrstone: can pick two different screens here.

1627
03:32:57.810 --> 03:32:58.830
William Ouimet: All right, we're getting close.

1628
03:33:00.930 --> 03:33:02.160
jrstone: Can you see anything yet.

1629
03:33:02.400 --> 03:33:07.380
William Ouimet: I see this day click on presenter mode I do see I do see PowerPoint.

1630
03:33:09.330 --> 03:33:09.900
jrstone: I.

1631
03:33:14.760 --> 03:33:16.020
jrstone: Use presenter mode.

1632
03:33:16.320 --> 03:33:18.030
William Ouimet: Sorry it's just start the slideshow.

1633
03:33:18.600 --> 03:33:19.140
jrstone: Oh okay.

1634
03:33:24.720 --> 03:33:25.590
jrstone: Okay.

1635
03:33:27.390 --> 03:33:29.160
jrstone: Are you seeing the whole slide or.

1636
03:33:29.520 --> 03:33:32.880
William Ouimet: No, it did you click from beginning to end, and you started officially.

1637
03:33:33.510 --> 03:33:34.350
jrstone: I did click.

1638
03:33:35.580 --> 03:33:37.350
jrstone: I did click from beginning yes.

1639
03:33:37.920 --> 03:33:43.320
William Ouimet: And we're still seeing the I still see the the whole program just try it again, maybe.

1640
03:33:48.330 --> 03:33:48.960
that's weird.

1641
03:33:51.450 --> 03:33:55.080
William Ouimet: How about the button in the bottom that's next to the slider the zoom slider.

1642
03:33:57.660 --> 03:34:00.480
William Ouimet: and lower right that but right there's also goes to presenter mode.

1643
03:34:01.320 --> 03:34:01.770
jrstone: You know.

1644
03:34:03.090 --> 03:34:03.660
jrstone: I.

1645
03:34:04.770 --> 03:34:08.970
jrstone: I have that on again, so I see two different screens.

1646
03:34:10.260 --> 03:34:12.330
jrstone: Maybe if I switch the screens.

1647
03:34:12.660 --> 03:34:15.630
William Ouimet: or go up to the top and the zoo that duplicate option again.

1648
03:34:17.460 --> 03:34:18.180
jrstone: Where was that.

1649
03:34:18.990 --> 03:34:19.650
William Ouimet: In the op.

1650
03:34:20.760 --> 03:34:22.950
William Ouimet: When you had the display settings.

1651
03:34:24.240 --> 03:34:25.350
William Ouimet: On the top of the screen.

1652
03:34:34.980 --> 03:34:35.250
William Ouimet: Maybe.

1653
03:34:39.150 --> 03:34:39.540
William Ouimet: From.

1654
03:34:43.020 --> 03:34:50.250
William Ouimet: But outside outside of just go to the top just put your cursor to the top of the screen and see if you see options for the sharing.

1655
03:34:51.630 --> 03:34:51.990
jrstone: yeah.

1656
03:34:53.880 --> 03:34:55.170
William Ouimet: We just had this a second ago.

1657
03:34:55.200 --> 03:34:56.100
What I know.

1658
03:34:59.700 --> 03:35:02.580
William Ouimet: Maybe something's not working as you should be.

1659
03:35:03.840 --> 03:35:06.030
William Ouimet: jumping to the actual slideshow.

1660
03:35:07.800 --> 03:35:11.790
jrstone: Well, I am on my screen i'm on i'm on the slideshow.

1661
03:35:12.420 --> 03:35:18.540
William Ouimet: So cancel close close the one that the one that shows yeah see there's like to open or something like that.

1662
03:35:21.120 --> 03:35:22.950
jrstone: Interesting sharing his stopped.

1663
03:35:25.260 --> 03:35:26.010
jrstone: Okay.

1664
03:35:26.700 --> 03:35:27.690
William Ouimet: We just had this.

1665
03:35:28.170 --> 03:35:29.100
William Ouimet: Okay, those of you.

1666
03:35:30.150 --> 03:35:31.140
William Ouimet: Just work through this.

1667
03:35:31.470 --> 03:35:39.480
jrstone: I know when I tried to keep it open up through the whole thing, but my my whole screen system change, so I don't know what happened.

1668
03:35:40.530 --> 03:35:42.720
jrstone: I mean I wasn't getting first I wasn't getting, though.

1669
03:35:44.520 --> 03:35:47.820
jrstone: The zoom tools and then.

1670
03:35:48.390 --> 03:35:51.870
William Ouimet: Okay let's try again maybe second time's a charm.

1671
03:35:57.270 --> 03:36:05.730
jrstone: Okay i'm seeing two screens with two different views are you seeing any well probably not sharing anymore.

1672
03:36:07.080 --> 03:36:08.190
William Ouimet: I see you.

1673
03:36:11.280 --> 03:36:15.000
jrstone: Okay, so so now, I do not see any um.

1674
03:36:17.160 --> 03:36:18.750
jrstone: I don't see any zoom tools.

1675
03:36:19.920 --> 03:36:21.510
jrstone: So I can't share my screen.

1676
03:36:25.860 --> 03:36:26.160
William Ouimet: Okay.

1677
03:36:26.190 --> 03:36:28.830
jrstone: here's the here okay share screen.

1678
03:36:30.150 --> 03:36:32.310
William Ouimet: And just share that program that I.

1679
03:36:32.670 --> 03:36:35.700
William Ouimet: tried to traveling PowerPoint not click the screen.

1680
03:36:37.320 --> 03:36:39.180
William Ouimet: Right now try to start the presentation again.

1681
03:36:42.600 --> 03:36:43.260
William Ouimet: Oh, there we go.

1682
03:36:43.350 --> 03:36:46.020
jrstone: we're good, are you seeing the whole slide.

1683
03:36:46.260 --> 03:36:49.500
William Ouimet: We are, and we are ready okay.

1684
03:36:50.430 --> 03:36:51.390
jrstone: sorry about that.

1685
03:36:53.970 --> 03:36:54.360
jrstone: Okay.

1686
03:37:01.320 --> 03:37:02.370
jrstone: Okay, so.

1687
03:37:02.400 --> 03:37:03.210
Basically.

1688
03:37:04.470 --> 03:37:08.040
jrstone: i'm for official mapping in.

1689
03:37:09.330 --> 03:37:26.520
jrstone: Connecticut and in Massachusetts, we have to published quick ternary geologic maps are sufficient geologic maps the one from Connecticut was published back in 2005 and it's um it's what you see when you.

1690
03:37:27.540 --> 03:37:33.630
jrstone: Go on, to these online viewers it's what's in the viewer that we've been talking about this morning, so.

1691
03:37:35.130 --> 03:37:43.920
jrstone: This this map has been out for a while and it was of course the mapping was done before we had any lidar and.

1692
03:37:45.510 --> 03:38:07.350
jrstone: The base map to which is the units are mapped is is the 24,000 scale 10 foot contour interval interval telegraphic maps, even though the map this published paper map is you know at 120 5000 scale the mapping was done and and digitized at 24,000 scale.

1693
03:38:08.700 --> 03:38:10.110
jrstone: In Massachusetts.

1694
03:38:12.840 --> 03:38:22.050
jrstone: And we've recently published in 2019 so official materials, a map of Massachusetts Massachusetts, this is not.

1695
03:38:23.940 --> 03:38:32.400
jrstone: It doesn't contain the word ternary geologic units yet those are we're still working on, but the materials.

1696
03:38:33.780 --> 03:38:45.750
jrstone: map is available online, either as a GIs database or as pdfs of each quad 199 quadrangles at.

1697
03:38:49.230 --> 03:38:57.180
jrstone: The 24,000 scale So these are we consider pretty good superficial geologic maps for the seats of of.

1698
03:38:59.460 --> 03:39:13.170
jrstone: Connecticut Massachusetts in they're available online at the addresses you see on the slides so we're going to start with an example area in Massachusetts, this is the Mount toby quadrangle.

1699
03:39:15.000 --> 03:39:15.660
jrstone: and

1700
03:39:17.280 --> 03:39:31.980
jrstone: Then this is showing the entire quadrangle, and these are the kinds of units that are mapped in Massachusetts we have areas of let's actually i'm going to zoom into a closer smaller area.

1701
03:39:33.240 --> 03:39:35.340
jrstone: These are the units that have been mapped.

1702
03:39:37.230 --> 03:39:41.460
jrstone: Again, using the 10 full contour interval what you see as a base map here.

1703
03:39:42.480 --> 03:39:43.860
jrstone: Not not lidar.

1704
03:39:45.090 --> 03:40:05.280
jrstone: So we're we're in Massachusetts we map the bedrock air better outcrop areas that includes both actual outcrop in the solid red and areas of of closely spaced out crops or shallow bedrock that can be seen in the typography in in the red colors there and.

1705
03:40:06.210 --> 03:40:19.470
jrstone: also affected areas predominantly dumped drawn lines, and of course the thin till areas which are shown over the entire area even underneath the glacier melt water deposits.

1706
03:40:23.160 --> 03:40:41.280
jrstone: So the glacial meltwater deposits in Massachusetts are at the moment are simply shown, is whether they're coarse grained units in the orange or fine grain units in the blue that is sands and grapples versus silt in clays and and the the.

1707
03:40:42.420 --> 03:40:58.380
jrstone: GIs layers are in layers like that, so that the post glacial deposits, the younger deposits are actually sitting on top of the equation meltwater deposits, so we have early post glacial units like sand or sand dunes and alluvial fans.

1708
03:40:59.850 --> 03:41:06.390
jrstone: And then the modern post glacial units floodplains and swamps and, of course, artificial phil.

1709
03:41:10.350 --> 03:41:14.370
jrstone: So this geology, as I said, was has been mapped on the.

1710
03:41:15.390 --> 03:41:19.860
jrstone: 10 foot continental topographic maps and we now have.

1711
03:41:21.030 --> 03:41:23.040
jrstone: lidar which is.

1712
03:41:24.750 --> 03:41:28.950
jrstone: Give showing us a whole new view of what's what's actually out there.

1713
03:41:30.270 --> 03:41:40.020
jrstone: And the the DM allows us to see the altitude, as can be seen on this graph now, but in much greater detail.

1714
03:41:41.160 --> 03:41:47.280
jrstone: So i'm going to go through the unit's map units that we have mapped.

1715
03:41:49.920 --> 03:41:58.110
jrstone: Talking about how how you can see what what the aspects of the units are that help you help you mount them so bedrock.

1716
03:41:58.830 --> 03:42:15.330
jrstone: outcrop areas are generally, but not always found in at higher altitudes within within any particular area there characterized by steep slopes and irregular typography and commonly linear ridges.

1717
03:42:16.590 --> 03:42:20.370
jrstone: And a lot of times, as you can see right right here in the.

1718
03:42:21.690 --> 03:42:28.380
jrstone: mount toby area and Massachusetts you can see, the structure of the bedrock in.

1719
03:42:29.430 --> 03:42:33.750
jrstone: In the lidar much, much more than you can in the total graphic now.

1720
03:42:35.970 --> 03:42:46.080
jrstone: So in this particular place area we're in a place where we have the eastern border fault of the mesozoic base and cutting right through the area there.

1721
03:42:46.650 --> 03:43:00.600
jrstone: And so over here we have plenty of self at fictious metamorphic rocks and over here we have the mountain toby conglomerate and the other sedimentary units.

1722
03:43:02.250 --> 03:43:03.660
jrstone: Of the of the base and.

1723
03:43:06.720 --> 03:43:27.480
jrstone: that's much more much clearer in the in the lidar the difference between the morphology you're seeing in the metamorphic rocks versus in the sedimentary rocks if we zoom in a little bit here on the Mount toby area, we can see the dip slopes, and the layering in.

1724
03:43:28.530 --> 03:43:30.330
jrstone: The amount tell me conglomerate.

1725
03:43:31.350 --> 03:43:45.450
jrstone: But we can also see, I think, if you look closely a difference in texture and the unit that's running through they are just like that, and that is the deerfield the salt deerfield basalt unit that's in that.

1726
03:43:47.730 --> 03:43:49.650
jrstone: That section there so.

1727
03:43:51.270 --> 03:44:07.170
jrstone: I think that's truly remarkable what how much more more, you can see in the in about the structure and the and the characteristic of the bedroom but i'm not going to dwell on that because i'm talking about mostly about superficial mapping here.

1728
03:44:09.420 --> 03:44:11.850
jrstone: So will will continue to one with.

1729
03:44:13.140 --> 03:44:15.210
jrstone: Some epic tale deposits.

1730
03:44:17.490 --> 03:44:25.800
jrstone: On these deposits occur typically in drumline land forms and on the Northwest sides of of bedrock hills.

1731
03:44:26.370 --> 03:44:48.390
jrstone: Their cat is characterized by smooth topography, with a general generally within North Northwest to South South south east trend, and in some places like here the drone ones are form the the highest hills in the area and they sit on on top of lower line bedrock So you can see, in.

1732
03:44:49.710 --> 03:44:51.690
jrstone: pointing to the screen with you can see that.

1733
03:44:52.890 --> 03:44:57.420
jrstone: You can see the red unit in there, showing the.

1734
03:44:59.880 --> 03:45:11.250
jrstone: The shallow bedrock so here with the the DM turned on, you can see that the higher the higher hills here are the drone ones they stand up above the underlying bedroom.

1735
03:45:13.620 --> 03:45:16.800
jrstone: So in this area of East brookfield.

1736
03:45:18.390 --> 03:45:24.630
jrstone: Massachusetts this what you see on this screen is the map extent of.

1737
03:45:26.280 --> 03:45:33.840
jrstone: bedrock in the red line pattern and drawn lines or victorville in the green polygons.

1738
03:45:34.890 --> 03:45:41.790
jrstone: This is what the person who map this quadrangle considered to be safe in terms of mapping drone ones.

1739
03:45:43.140 --> 03:45:46.860
jrstone: But focus is where we bring the lidar in two areas.

1740
03:45:50.400 --> 03:45:52.530
jrstone: Areas Can you see my cursor.

1741
03:45:55.320 --> 03:45:56.730
Paul Olsen: Yes, yes.

1742
03:45:57.540 --> 03:46:07.080
jrstone: i'm in areas like here and here and over here on which were not mapped as the till or drone ones.

1743
03:46:07.140 --> 03:46:09.060
jrstone: That you're where they mapped as.

1744
03:46:09.150 --> 03:46:27.720
jrstone: As bedrock hills, but in the topography, it just wasn't clear enough to say that this for sure this is thick till, but when we bring in the lidar, we can see that there's a lot more thick tail in there in here than what what was previously mapped.

1745
03:46:30.150 --> 03:46:36.210
jrstone: So this is the new extent of mapping till after using the lidar.

1746
03:46:40.380 --> 03:46:50.040
jrstone: Okay, so we're moving a little bit farther South here in this is an East furred Connecticut where this is the Rogers bedrock mouth, that is shown in colors.

1747
03:46:51.270 --> 03:47:01.470
jrstone: And the strike and dip symbols which are part of that Rogers bedrock map and so you see that their bed the bedrock here is a strong Northwest striking trend.

1748
03:47:02.850 --> 03:47:04.260
jrstone: And it is clearly over.

1749
03:47:04.260 --> 03:47:05.850
jrstone: printed by.

1750
03:47:07.080 --> 03:47:18.960
jrstone: North did I say Northwest sorry the Northeast trend and it's over printed by drama typography which is trending on Northwest southeast so let's zoom into a.

1751
03:47:20.070 --> 03:47:21.420
jrstone: Smaller area.

1752
03:47:22.590 --> 03:47:28.380
jrstone: And we see the strong strike ridges and beautiful.

1753
03:47:29.550 --> 03:47:36.780
jrstone: Cross cutting fractures several sets of cross cutting fractures cutting through those northeast striking.

1754
03:47:38.100 --> 03:47:46.410
jrstone: strike ridges and we see the drum the smooth topography of the Germans standing above so.

1755
03:47:47.490 --> 03:47:53.670
jrstone: In Connecticut we have not mapped the shallow bedrock areas it's a job that's needs to be done.

1756
03:47:54.690 --> 03:47:58.620
jrstone: And I think it can be very well done using lidar.

1757
03:47:59.640 --> 03:48:02.250
jrstone: i've gone ahead and done in this small area.

1758
03:48:03.900 --> 03:48:14.070
jrstone: And so, if we take that out of the picture we have what we have left is is the thicker thicker till areas, this first unit, you see.

1759
03:48:14.550 --> 03:48:25.980
jrstone: showing up here is what was mapped as thick tail and notice that now that i've drawn the bedrock areas from the lidar in here those two are are.

1760
03:48:26.550 --> 03:48:38.610
jrstone: contradicting each other's each other and that, in this case, we need to have less thick till then, then what was previously mount when we looked at the lidar so this new unit is.

1761
03:48:41.100 --> 03:48:43.110
jrstone: Is the thick till.

1762
03:48:44.670 --> 03:48:50.580
jrstone: That I would map now using just the lot using the lidar information.

1763
03:48:52.950 --> 03:48:56.400
jrstone: And then there's some glacial meltwater deposits in there also shown in.

1764
03:48:56.400 --> 03:48:57.570
William Ouimet: That purple.

1765
03:48:58.500 --> 03:48:59.430
jrstone: colored unit.

1766
03:49:01.230 --> 03:49:02.700
jrstone: So let's move on to.

1767
03:49:04.080 --> 03:49:06.660
jrstone: Talking about the glacial meltwater deposits.

1768
03:49:08.460 --> 03:49:09.090
jrstone: and

1769
03:49:10.590 --> 03:49:16.080
jrstone: This is a delta be with a beautiful top set for us at contact of glacial lake hitchcock.

1770
03:49:17.400 --> 03:49:25.620
jrstone: They shall melt water deposits are characterized by flat top to gently sloping surfaces, which are locally interrupted by depressions that.

1771
03:49:26.700 --> 03:49:41.550
jrstone: are caused by melting of buried ice blocks meltwater deposits on typically occur at specific altitudes within within any one area as there because there are levels were controlled by particular temporary.

1772
03:49:42.930 --> 03:49:54.780
jrstone: glacial lakes or fluid different fluidly old base level, so they occur, so the altitude of the deposit is important, and when you're trying to mount them, this is the.

1773
03:49:56.670 --> 03:50:16.500
jrstone: lat long plane delta is we're back in the Mount toby quadrangle and Massachusetts have long plane delta classic land form that was built in into delta was built into glacial lake hitchcock which was at an altitude of 90 meters out in front of the delta here, and then in the out.

1774
03:50:17.610 --> 03:50:29.280
jrstone: In front of the Delta, we have like bottom services which are labeled as lb here and that those are are basically at about 30 meters and altitude hundred keep melted.

1775
03:50:31.380 --> 03:50:53.460
jrstone: To the next slide is a a photo from the long plane delta shown beautifully the tops it for set context, this is sit gravelly top set beds overlying sandy for set beds and the top set for set contact, of course, marks the level of the glacial lake into which the delta was built.

1776
03:50:57.030 --> 03:50:58.050
jrstone: And then.

1777
03:50:59.100 --> 03:51:08.070
jrstone: out in front in an exposure and exposures, we would, if we dug into the lake bottom, we would see the bar silt in clays.

1778
03:51:13.680 --> 03:51:30.120
jrstone: So basically again, I think you know we have mapped the glacial meltwater deposits in Connecticut and Massachusetts very well at 24,000 scale using 10 for content for content contour inch from.

1779
03:51:31.230 --> 03:51:36.930
jrstone: TELCO maps spot and regional deposition of models, but when we bring when we.

1780
03:51:39.180 --> 03:51:52.740
jrstone: Have have gotten a lidar what we've found is that there are many places where not only do the context, need to be moved slightly and their location.

1781
03:51:53.790 --> 03:52:12.030
jrstone: more accurately depicted, but there are also many places where there are small deposits up in the uplands especially which were the meltwater deposits of sand and gravel has not been mapped at all and we'll zoom into one area here up in the northern part of the templeton quadrangle.

1782
03:52:13.320 --> 03:52:17.280
jrstone: So this is a topographic map and what units were map there.

1783
03:52:18.960 --> 03:52:19.800
jrstone: previously.

1784
03:52:21.060 --> 03:52:22.950
jrstone: And we're focus on the.

1785
03:52:24.480 --> 03:52:28.140
jrstone: This area, right here, as we bring the lidar and.

1786
03:52:29.400 --> 03:52:33.510
jrstone: And notice it wow isn't that an ester I see there.

1787
03:52:35.190 --> 03:52:40.350
jrstone: And it's just popping right out which, whereas in the typography you couldn't see it at all.

1788
03:52:42.210 --> 03:52:42.870
jrstone: And so.

1789
03:52:44.010 --> 03:52:59.130
jrstone: The yellow line to delineates an area that I would see as a small, I stand upon deposits that deposit, this is a North sloping Valley, with a small stream going to the millers river here.

1790
03:53:00.510 --> 03:53:01.020
jrstone: and

1791
03:53:03.450 --> 03:53:17.610
jrstone: Santa gravel was deposited in that valley here's the unit shown as the ice margin retreated northward from the drainage divide and small little poundings developed.

1792
03:53:18.600 --> 03:53:30.360
jrstone: spilling across the drainage divided first and then have that a 965 foot spillway and then across the side of the valley into slightly lower levels.

1793
03:53:32.460 --> 03:53:36.840
jrstone: So the Oscar there's is what kind of makes your I.

1794
03:53:38.700 --> 03:53:40.230
jrstone: jump to this being.

1795
03:53:41.580 --> 03:53:45.120
jrstone: A glacier meltwater deposit that had not previously been mount.

1796
03:53:46.230 --> 03:54:00.810
jrstone: And this is kind of interesting because, if we go a little farther so we were just down here looking if we go farther north, we can see it actually continues for several miles, more to the north standing above the glacial.

1797
03:54:02.250 --> 03:54:08.730
jrstone: This is glacial lake denison deposits here in the lighter yellow color that are.

1798
03:54:09.930 --> 03:54:15.930
jrstone: are below their services are below the esper which stands above so the esper is older and associated with.

1799
03:54:17.010 --> 03:54:17.340
The.

1800
03:54:18.420 --> 03:54:24.240
jrstone: The part of it, we saw the southern part of it in that purple color deposit to the self.

1801
03:54:26.460 --> 03:54:38.310
jrstone: And again there that's just showing it more highlight with the color so this asked if we didn't want to spend the time to go farther North from here, but I, you can also trace this.

1802
03:54:39.510 --> 03:54:49.350
jrstone: This asked her up over the upland till upland and back down into another valley for six six and a half or so miles to the north.

1803
03:54:50.370 --> 03:54:59.490
jrstone: And it it it, I presume continue may continue in new Hampshire but I don't have like our figure out there, so.

1804
03:55:00.780 --> 03:55:13.200
jrstone: It may well be there, so that's kind of cool it's reminiscent of the hundred mile long asperger's that have been found in maine and we didn't know, we had them in Massachusetts.

1805
03:55:15.030 --> 03:55:21.120
jrstone: So we were moving down here here down to to Connecticut again, this is the Essex quadrangle.

1806
03:55:22.350 --> 03:55:24.390
jrstone: Where there is a.

1807
03:55:25.620 --> 03:55:34.080
jrstone: An area where I found an unmapped glacial meltwater deposit in this small tributary Valley.

1808
03:55:36.090 --> 03:55:46.380
jrstone: comes the lidar and you can see that there's something that appears asked her like, although it may be eroded by post glacial erosion on on northeast side there but.

1809
03:55:48.300 --> 03:55:51.060
jrstone: This will the tm and.

1810
03:55:53.880 --> 03:55:56.310
jrstone: Please zoom in a little bit, you can see the.

1811
03:55:57.330 --> 03:56:00.750
jrstone: kettle looking typography there and and.

1812
03:56:00.930 --> 03:56:02.070
jrstone: asked her Ridge.

1813
03:56:03.600 --> 03:56:18.000
jrstone: There and farther north, the same valley so as a result of of using the lidar i've mapped the home other unit in here slightly older than the deposits down in the valley.

1814
03:56:19.860 --> 03:56:23.550
jrstone: To the north northeast of this valley and.

1815
03:56:26.490 --> 03:56:30.990
jrstone: Okay that's that area here's another example in the deep river quadrangle.

1816
03:56:33.570 --> 03:56:40.140
jrstone: Units you're seeing now, or what is on the published map in the in this area here.

1817
03:56:41.460 --> 03:56:44.640
jrstone: there's nothing now for a glacial meltwater deposit.

1818
03:56:48.150 --> 03:56:54.450
jrstone: And here's the lidar and we want to be looking in here and in here.

1819
03:56:59.070 --> 03:57:07.530
jrstone: First, I have some bedrock in here i've mapped all in this view, everything that I think I can say is probably shallow bedrock.

1820
03:57:08.970 --> 03:57:10.140
jrstone: zoom in a little bit.

1821
03:57:11.550 --> 03:57:12.960
jrstone: There you see this.

1822
03:57:14.490 --> 03:57:20.220
jrstone: looks like maybe a cuddled body of sand gravel there and Esther like feature.

1823
03:57:23.760 --> 03:57:30.120
jrstone: So I have mapped another small I stand pond deposit with a feeder escort.

1824
03:57:31.530 --> 03:57:32.640
jrstone: And here's a view.

1825
03:57:33.900 --> 03:57:47.310
jrstone: I went on a hike in in the coc upon state forest and found that that Ridge, which we saw on the lidar, and indeed it is there's till here in the.

1826
03:57:47.880 --> 03:58:01.680
jrstone: Lower part of the of the photo, but this is a sanding sand and gravel rich nika didn't have time to dig any holes but there's a go for hole where you can see some cobbles coming up so.

1827
03:58:02.970 --> 03:58:17.520
jrstone: Okay, so there are places nearly everywhere, when I look scrolls on these viewers through Connecticut Massachusetts I can find small areas of meltwater deposits that needs to be mapped.

1828
03:58:19.470 --> 03:58:22.980
jrstone: So we'll move on to post glacial deposits.

1829
03:58:25.320 --> 03:58:34.320
jrstone: The these are generally characterized by flatlining surfaces and in low lying areas along rivers and streams and in upland basins.

1830
03:58:34.800 --> 03:58:48.810
jrstone: And that original scarf that marks the edge of the floodplain is very distinct on lidar images and it's not not distinct on tend to it content will come to rentable topographic maps.

1831
03:58:51.000 --> 03:58:56.070
jrstone: So this is an example in along the scan tick river.

1832
03:58:59.340 --> 03:58:59.820
jrstone: In.

1833
03:59:01.230 --> 03:59:03.570
jrstone: I think this is East Windsor Connecticut.

1834
03:59:05.520 --> 03:59:07.680
jrstone: These are the units as mapped.

1835
03:59:09.720 --> 03:59:11.280
jrstone: On the published map.

1836
03:59:12.840 --> 03:59:15.570
jrstone: So we have some stream terraces in the orange and.

1837
03:59:16.980 --> 03:59:29.370
jrstone: lake bottom glacial lake hitchcock like bottom sediments in the Green and there's a beautiful little Jerome one in the middle there and then the floodplain oblivion and yellow so here's the lidar.

1838
03:59:31.740 --> 03:59:36.000
jrstone: pale shade and then put some color on it.

1839
03:59:37.770 --> 03:59:43.200
jrstone: And you can see that the that scarf of the floodplain is very, very visible.

1840
03:59:45.360 --> 03:59:50.310
jrstone: And could easily be delineated using this lidar here's the mapped.

1841
03:59:52.260 --> 03:59:59.550
jrstone: luteal unit, and you can see that in many places like here and.

1842
04:00:00.660 --> 04:00:06.000
jrstone: Here, and here pretty much everywhere that line needs to be.