barineau_clinton: Okay, well, let me thank all of you who are here taking time out of a Wednesday morning to to meet with us on this field trip, so my name is Dr clint bear no i'm a professor of geology to Columbus State University.
barineau_clinton: In my code field trip leader let her introduce herself.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And yes, and the Antarctic Teresa also happy to be here with all of you and assistant scientists, the cancer geological survey and I.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Part of the research of the war that we're going to present today is was conducted well, I was an assistant professor at the Columbus State University in Columbus Georgia.
barineau_clinton: Oh, the.
barineau_clinton: structure of the field trip, and this will be an experiment for all of us, this is i've never done a virtual field trip, and I regret that we're not able to.
barineau_clinton: To be in vans at this very moment driving out to these various outcrops but we'll get through this we're going to do our best.
barineau_clinton: To show you as many pictures of rocks and things as we possibly can, but obviously we have a lot of information in here that will probably resemble to some degree, a presentation at a you know, in a regular session.
barineau_clinton: We would ask all of our participants, if you will keep your microphone muted when i'm talking.
barineau_clinton: Dr Ortega will be monitoring the chat and at some point we'll stop ask for questions and any questions in the chat at that point.
barineau_clinton: we'll go ahead and try to do our best to answer those but also please feel free to unmute your microphone and simply ask questions relevant points and we're happy to answer those.
barineau_clinton: So today what I wanted to start with, is simply just kind of an overview, something I can to.
barineau_clinton: To a pre field trip mixer where we provide a basic overview of what we're going to be discussing today, and so in this case, this is a nice aerial image of the chattahoochee river in downtown Columbus Georgia and we're really going to talk about.
barineau_clinton: Some research that evolved out of initially my work.
barineau_clinton: North north of this picture basically upstream we're looking downstream due south.
barineau_clinton: portions of Columbus state university's main campus are visible on the left side phoenix city is visible on the right side and what's interesting about this picture is you can actually see outcrops of bedrock and we'll discuss some of these.
barineau_clinton: Downstream and in really write about in this area, writing here, most of that bedrock disappears from the River channel and you start picking up.
barineau_clinton: flatline sedimentary rock so the coastal plain so we're really looking at.
barineau_clinton: What most of us here in the southeast know as the fall line which crosses right somewhere in this boundary and, of course, that is just a surface expression of the coastal plain unconformity which we're going to talk about in detail so.
barineau_clinton: i'll say this, this project really ended up being me falling down a rabbit hole my my background expertise is not in coastal plain geology I do most of my work in.
barineau_clinton: In the Piedmont and blue ridge of Georgia Alabama and portions of North Carolina.
barineau_clinton: And really this evolved out of some of that work that started right here in Columbus and so at some point I realized, I felt a little bit like like Alice falling down the rabbit hole.
barineau_clinton: But in this case Atlanta, not in Wonderland but in the chattahoochee river and, of course, on the way down I happened to drag my colleague our current.
barineau_clinton: Co field trip leader down this hole with me i'm not sure that we've hit bottom, yet I think there's still a lot of good work that can be done, but we're going to try to give you a sense of where we're at at this point.
barineau_clinton: So first just draw your attention to the study area, so a nice map of the southeastern us, so the extreme south.
barineau_clinton: South Eastern us we've got Columbus here in auburn for reference in Atlanta for reference and our study area really starts at Columbus in over the last several years is starting to arrange further and further West into Alabama almost a memory.
barineau_clinton: So, looking at a basic geologic map of the kind of southern most appalachians in an area that I work in again our study areas here right where the inner Piedmont meets the coastal plan and that's really where the bulk of these rocks that were that we're looking at.
barineau_clinton: Our our intersect is basically in this study area and so running right through here is because the plant unconformity or the fall line as dreams come across that boundary.
barineau_clinton: The rocks of the coastal plain in this area are largely poorly consolidated and so those streams tend to cut down into this poorly consolidated flatline coastal plain rocks, and so we get a series of rapids or waterfalls depending on where you're at on the boundary.
barineau_clinton: If we kind of look in a little more detail and zoom in that area, look at the geologic map.
barineau_clinton: Really, the basis of this project was really an attempt, for me and there's Columbus and all burn for reference.
barineau_clinton: To essentially map the boundaries between these metamorphic rocks and the coastal plain.
barineau_clinton: So, just a quick overview of the the various terrains that we work in here, and this is really not the main focus of this work, but it's what started here and so Columbus is located here at the intersection of Gucci belt with the coastal plain on lap and it would you build consist of.
barineau_clinton: rocks that are interpret to be essentially paragon to on in in origin.
barineau_clinton: They have metamorphic evidence from metamorphic at about 630 million years old or evidence for for formation in many cases of 630 some odd million years old and it turns out a nice activity and tectonics at that age are far more.
barineau_clinton: Typically associated with gondwana and paragon dawn and terrains and so that he bill is considered to be basically an extension of the Carolina terrain, which is an exotic terrain.
barineau_clinton: That was created in North America there at the end of the appalachian Raj and he's he built his separated from the pine mountain belt northwestern flank.
barineau_clinton: By the bartlett's very fall in the pine mountain bill is is currently one of the south eastern most exposures of the wrench and crust the way it's interpreted.
barineau_clinton: It has sequences in it that are interpreted as typical laurentian grenville basement along with cover sequences that are correlated with the Co GI Joe how we groups.
barineau_clinton: In the forum, London and rich i'm sorry.
barineau_clinton: Did I have a question from someone in the audience.
barineau_clinton: Okay i'm assuming that's just an unmuted microphone.
barineau_clinton: Across the toilet default.
barineau_clinton: In the open like a complex the upper like a complex is considered again portion of the western inner Piedmont, it is actually correlated with rocks on the North Western side of the Board fault zone, and so we.
barineau_clinton: People that work in this area, like myself, we interpret this as as basically ordovician back Arc rocks that actually stretch underneath the devil complex.
barineau_clinton: Which is separated from the open like a complex from the stonewall line fault, the de ville complex is basically ordovician Arc and.
barineau_clinton: Collectively rocks in the Northwest side of the Board fault zones are kind of out of the study area, along with the herbalife complex or interpret to be a backyard forming on the edge of North American plate with an organization org outboard much like the modern day sea of Japan.
barineau_clinton: And, of course, to the south of that is the goal fit when and coastal plain now in again to go back to where this project started my initial work in this.
barineau_clinton: I was really not interested in the coastal plain rocks they were, in essence, they were covering up what I really wanted to see but, of course, and creating geologic maps of this region.
barineau_clinton: One of the challenges was figuring out how to draw in that boundary, which was the coastal plain unconformity.
barineau_clinton: And and, of course, part of that challenge for anybody that works here in the southeastern us is really a lack of good exposure and so we have to do a lot of interpolating boundaries in terms of where they go.
barineau_clinton: So that boundary the coastal point unconformity your phone line we know of course stretches from Alabama all the way of the East coast separates the appalachian Piedmont from the coastal plain rocks cretaceous and younger age and it stretches all the way up into New York.
barineau_clinton: In this project really started here in in which we were, I had a student working on a map, along with one of my my colleagues, Dr Tom hanley.
barineau_clinton: And we were trying to create just a basic geologic map, and this was some of her work from 2010 and really the challenge started in.
barineau_clinton: In figuring out where this kosta playing on lap does that goes to, and of course for for those of us that remember our basic structural geology class the intersection of a horizontal plane, with a non horizontal plane.
barineau_clinton: is especially for point or else will be playing or flat surfaces original surfaces flatline rocks should basically follow the contours of typography and so.
barineau_clinton: We assumed that we were drawing this this coast to play nonconformity in that I would be able to find the average elevation of the coastal plain unconformity at any given point.
barineau_clinton: And then I would basically be able to follow the contour lines to some extent.
barineau_clinton: And what we realized pretty quickly is that was not the case that we were not able to simply follow the contour lines.
barineau_clinton: And that eventually led me to the realization that Oh, there must be some typography some Paleo typography on that kosta playing surface, it is not simply a pen a plane, a relatively flat surface that follows contour lines.
barineau_clinton: I want to acknowledge to people that this project would have been impossible without and I was absolutely lucky to arrive at Columbus State University in 2007 and had two colleagues, Dr Tom handling Dr bill frazier.
barineau_clinton: Who I arrest once you, you know show me the exciting geology of Columbus region, so I can make sure that I can you know take our students and show them exciting things in this area and so.
barineau_clinton: Tom was just extremely gracious to you know get in a van with me and route around and and take me up into the Piedmont look at rock so that he built in the pine mountain belt.
barineau_clinton: And so i'm grateful to him for for all that time he also gave me just a lot of his his data his field stations that eventually became very important for this project, the second person who was really critical for this was Dr bill frazier.
barineau_clinton: who unfortunately passed away back in 2019 but bill was just a wealth of information on on the coastal plain.
barineau_clinton: As I started becoming more and more interested in those coastal plain rocks he was a great sounding board and, of course, he had done a lot of the fundamental work in this region on.
barineau_clinton: You know, working in the tuscaloosa formation and utah formation and some of the things we're going to be discussing so without these two people this project would have been basically impossible.
barineau_clinton: So, in looking at just a basic simple cartoonist strata graphic column, what we have in this area Columbus are of course those.
barineau_clinton: Those appalachian Piedmont terrains Gucci belt Columbus defined mountain bill opal like a complex and de ville complex as we go to the West or East Montgomery.
barineau_clinton: And what we started realizing was at the at the base of the coastal plain, we were seeing a really clay rich, you know red, orange modeled.
barineau_clinton: Australia graphic unit that many people had interpreted as an ancient soil as a Paleo soul.
barineau_clinton: And it directly above that we were seeing the tribal units typically cable not axioms of statistical information in here in this portion in Georgia, the tuscaloosa does not have group status.
barineau_clinton: Is instead of formation and so those of you used to seeing it as tuscaloosa group you're in this portion Georgia its formation.
barineau_clinton: And what we quickly realized in really looking at those codes to plant those.
barineau_clinton: rocks was the actual kosta point i'm conformity was not at the base of these Bailey assault, but actually at the top, so is essentially within the tuscaloosa formation.
barineau_clinton: above that as another unit that will talk about briefly to utah formation and we'll talk about the significance of it in this region.
barineau_clinton: So when you do have spectacular exposures of the tuscaloosa formation, what we see is above that lower paley assault we didn't have kind of kale Nick gravelly sands.
barineau_clinton: and gradually an overall finding upward sequence throughout the entire strata graphic unit eventually getting to a just conformity between it and the overlying utah formation.
barineau_clinton: While we do not have any fossil control and the tuscaloosa here in the Columbus region, we know that if you follow the equivalent units over into Western Alabama in into.
barineau_clinton: into Eastern Georgia and the carolinas South Carolina, we know that fossil control their suggest that the tuscaloosa is in facts and a manian so it's late cretaceous in age.
barineau_clinton: Now the the actual boundary between the Detroit all units of the tuscaloosa formation and the underlying paley us all, for the most part, is really poorly exposed, and I can literally count almost on one hand, the number of places.
barineau_clinton: where you can go and put your finger on and then we're going to take you to to really spectacular outcrops of the coastal plain unconformity that are extremely rare in this region.
barineau_clinton: But this is a it's just one of them we're going to see this field trip stop number one, but it really.
barineau_clinton: It really gets across this relationship between this underlying clay rich paley assaulted Ortega is going to talk a bit about.
barineau_clinton: In the overlying to try to units is when we are able to see it, one things we notice is that we can see materials derived from underneath.
barineau_clinton: The unconformity as class in overland travel units, and so this is a basically a large boulder material that's either was originally a piece of the Paleo assault itself or, alternatively, was locally derived bedrock which then the weather in place.
barineau_clinton: We can see things in fact that the same outcrop we we have sections of it that have boulders up to a meter in size sitting in in that lower unit.
barineau_clinton: The other thing we see in this lower Paleo cell unit that really reinforces it did it probably is in fact a an ancient soil.
barineau_clinton: Is evidence for typical ketogenic features like globules and two bills that are interpreted as root structures, and so I know, Dr Ortega is going to discuss that in more detail.
barineau_clinton: It will also point out that other people who have worked in this area have interpreted these rocks as Paleo solves.
barineau_clinton: Now we based on the regional geology.
barineau_clinton: This unconfirmed will surface here is most likely associated with the MID cena manian.
barineau_clinton: You know unconformity that stretches actually across the entire coastal plain up to the foul line and can be found in the subsurface in offshore Gulf of Mexico.
barineau_clinton: As we were mapping that boundary we did occasionally run into those rare spectacular outcrops where you could put your finger on but, for the most part, this was a more typical.
barineau_clinton: map that you would create in this case, this was just showing basic stations in the elevations of those stations, and so the red.
barineau_clinton: The red dots on this image are basically showing areas where we were able to to identify a Detroit or rocks of the tuscaloosa formation so there's nice kale Nick sand and gravel.
barineau_clinton: And the blue areas are places where we had identified metamorphic rock so the underlying basement.
barineau_clinton: And what we noticed pretty quick as we started plotting elevation data on this is you could.
barineau_clinton: Go to places where you couldn't quite put your finger on unconformity but you knew it had to be somewhere between that red and blue.in the same thing and had to be between these red and blue dots and so, if we were going to trace the fall on into this location to separate the Piedmont.
barineau_clinton: From the coastal plain, then you would have to join your unconformity basically like bad and that meant that unconformity had to climb from about 127 meters above sea level.
barineau_clinton: To about 143 meters above sea level literally over this hundred to 200 meter distance and so again it reinforces that idea that there must be topography on that that coastal plain unconformity.
barineau_clinton: Through time we started gathering, a lot of data, and of course we took advantage of the existing data sets that were out there and just looking at this basic elevation.
barineau_clinton: Information and so many of these stations are from my colleague Dr handling, many of them were gathered by me and by one of my former graduate students Daniel black who did his thesis on that.
barineau_clinton: And so we started looking at these elevations and realized that we could we could actually contour that surface by doing some very basic interpolation.
barineau_clinton: about trying to identify the elevation of the coastal plain on conformity.
barineau_clinton: And so the approach we use was quite simple, we just said, if we have a set of material outcrop that happens to lie above the unconformity and clearly and metamorphic outcrop that or a Paleo assault outcrop below it.
barineau_clinton: Then simply choosing the mean elevation between those two should give us some control over where the unconformity is in that particular area as an example of this.
barineau_clinton: year we have two stations gather by my graduate students, we have in yellow and outcrop of the tuscaloosa to try to units and blue some of the seatbelt Crystal and rocks and, of course.
barineau_clinton: If we plot those on a cross section and plot their elevations.
barineau_clinton: Then we say Okay, because the plane unconformity lasted the mean elevation and, therefore, we can put an elevation on that coastal plain unconformity In essence, we are interpolating.
barineau_clinton: Where the coastal plain on conformity is between these two stations, we would place it at about 128 meters above sea level.
barineau_clinton: Now, as we started doing this we started realizing that it was some complicating factors, because we are because we're contouring a surface and we do have to place those data points.
barineau_clinton: In three dimensions right X, Y and Z, then the location of the intersection of that coastal plain unconformity became important.
barineau_clinton: This is a situation where we have both the basement outcrop at 152 meters above sea level in a tribal outcrop at 160 meters above sea level.
barineau_clinton: And we realize if you plot the mean elevation that elevation actually intersects the ground surface at three different places and that actually affects where do you put that dot that you are then going to contour.
barineau_clinton: So we started dividing our stations into kind of high control points where there was only one possible intersection.
barineau_clinton: versus low control points, and this, this is one where our confidence interval would be would be lower, and so we were actually trying to to design some form of precision limits own on how good our contour map was.
barineau_clinton: Alright, so let's see if I can get this thing to.
barineau_clinton: There we go.
barineau_clinton: So, in the end my graduate student, I was able to produce a a contour map, and this is from his thesis and what was interesting is we identified.
barineau_clinton: three large Paleo valleys in the coastal plain unconformity and as we went East away from Columbus those valleys seem to essentially disappear.
barineau_clinton: Now the next thing that became very interesting here was that these Paleo valley seemed to be roughly in the vicinity of the modern chattahoochee river.
barineau_clinton: And when I brought this up to go frazier who had worked in both the tuscaloosa formation and utah formation, one of the first things he noted was well that's really interesting because, if we look at the overlying utah formation.
barineau_clinton: There appears to be a very large estuary located in this region, this is a reconstruction that he had created you know publication, a field trip God, but back in 1987.
barineau_clinton: And he had interpreted again the the strata graphic deposits of the utah as being a history in nature, he was able to identify basically the, the head of the Delta.
barineau_clinton: versus some of the offshore potentially barrier island components and he essentially kind of just traced in what he thought okay well, maybe there's a river feeding this here and what was.
barineau_clinton: Interesting was, we know that that that river could potentially be coming from either area, which means it theoretically.
barineau_clinton: could be the same Paleo valleys, we were seeing in the older surface.
barineau_clinton: And so immediately, it became obvious that we might be looking at a persistent drainage basin, something that spanned a really delight cretaceous.
barineau_clinton: And then the question became well if that's the modern chattahoochee river, then I wonder if there is in fact a connection between the two, could we be looking at the ancestral chattahoochee.
barineau_clinton: So this is an instance where our field trip is going to take us today is really exploring some of these outcrops that have led us to these interpretations.
barineau_clinton: And, most of our data course comes from the GA side because that's more most of the work has been done, but I do have to graduate students these days who've added several hundred points.
barineau_clinton: west of the State line, all the way to basically to lassie Alabama and so, in taking all that data it looks like in the end that contouring that surface we're seeing some really clustered pronounced Paleo valleys here in the Columbus region.
barineau_clinton: Some subdued Paleo valleys is we go to the West and auburn region, and then, of course, our next task is to work there a Western philosophy, to see what happens in that area.
barineau_clinton: And and, ultimately, we are going to ask the question, is it possible that these Paleo valleys that we're seeing in this region are in fact for runners to the monitor chattahoochee river.
barineau_clinton: So our trip today will will take us to four different places and we're going to try to show you in Google earth, where some of these locations are.
barineau_clinton: But on this overview map our first station will take us here in the phoenix city Alabama then back over to Columbus.
barineau_clinton: Finally, over here in your box springs Georgia to an outcrop of the conformity in and then, finally, to the second of two spectacular.
barineau_clinton: exposures and unconformity here in phoenix city and again to the West and plastic so.
barineau_clinton: With that in mind i'm happy to take questions if anybody has them and, if not we'll go ahead and get started on the field trip So if you have a question feel free to unmute your microphone and ask it or i'll ask for Dr Ortega, if he sees anything in the chat please share it with me.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: not seeing any questions in the shop okay.
barineau_clinton: Well, if there are no questions, then, then I think what i'll do is go ahead.
barineau_clinton: And we'll try to do our best to to make this actually seem like a field trip of some sort and and so i'm going to simply take you guys on little Google earth trip from from time to time.
barineau_clinton: And so we'll start here with just a you know the the.
barineau_clinton: In this case, the.
barineau_clinton: Many, many kilometers of you above the surface of the earth, and so we have Columbus here for a reference.
barineau_clinton: or study area.
barineau_clinton: is outlined in red and our field trip stops.
barineau_clinton: Are here just west of Columbus in phoenix city second field trip stop in Columbus and third field trip stop to the east, and a fourth one in classic.
barineau_clinton: So are our first stop is is here again in phoenix city.
barineau_clinton: Just to the west of downtown.
barineau_clinton: And the outcrop itself again is is one of the most spectacular exposures of the coastal plan and conformity that i've ever seen.
barineau_clinton: A would, if any of you ever decide to visit this please keep in mind, it is on private property, it is, is apparently is in the middle of changing hands and so i'm not sure who the new owner will be, but we we've been very lucky to have access to it.
barineau_clinton: So the exposure itself is actually.
barineau_clinton: Several hundred meters of exposure in cliff like outcrops on the side of us to add just below it.
barineau_clinton: And so, if you happen to go to it will drop in and do a little Street View here, you can actually see those exposures on this little side road and so that is one of the more prominent exposures of the coastal plain unconformity.
barineau_clinton: So with that i'm going to stop sharing my screen and i'm going to turn our first stop over to Dr Ortega.
barineau_clinton: So deanna it is all yours.
Thanks Colin.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Can you see my screen.
barineau_clinton: I can excellent.
Okay.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so can you hear me.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Yes, yep so as Dr just show us and in the tour of the Google earth tour like we have a here, therefore, a stop, so we are going to be visiting today virtually, unfortunately.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: But promise that Sunday we're going to be happy to take you to look directly to this marks and so here, just as a reference, we have over.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And they more than chattahoochee river that serve as a borderline between Alabama and Georgia so we're going to go to that the efforts to stop and phoenix city so here the same map and the location is just.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: East of Alabama and right along the chattahoochee river and on this map on the left, we can see a close up of the same.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: view that we just saw using Google earth, so this top one is allowed that intersection of the highway 280 coming from over, and the pierce road and as we nicely saw and the Google earth we can.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: park here, or like Dr if the conditions and it's not so Marty, we can drive through this same area and park over here.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And that can give us access to as Dr Burton also point out, already a spectacular his Porsche cliff like exposures and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: These costs are playing unconformity and he also mentioned it during his presentation that is very rare to find.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: out groups of these costs are playing unconformity most of them are either in the surface or very limited.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: edition, or like very thin thicknesses so so having these exposure here that you can really work in detail along these coastal plain and trace it for several meters.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: laterally and also being able to look at the details above and below these rocks is really amazing so let's look at that is top one again kind of like it the same.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: way that a doctor right not showing the Google earth so just for reference if you see my mouse over here, so we park and we either walk or drive.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And we get to these approximate live you look at the reference for the scale 75 meters of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Perfectly flat like exposures so some of these areas, as you see, for example here towards the West are very much colder by vegetation, so this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is it's a little harder to to get access to, but if you see my mouse here in the middle and over this area is to use like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: around like a 10 meters take succession of the tuscaloosa formation so we're going to take a look of Just to give you an.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: idea of the nature of this portion over this area, but we are going to concentrate or spend more time here towards the east, where the cost of land conformity is exposed before going into the subsurface so.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Again we're gonna take a look of days and I just put together these photo site, so you get to see how that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is photography or how the rocks look like and only that area from west to east so.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: we're not going to spend too much time here, but I want to show you at least, that it is roxy a john get a strata.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: In the area is mostly characterized by common or typical tuscaloosa sandstone so conglomerates and so on clay stones and we're going to take a look at some of some of them.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And and and the common reddish color that is part of the surface of of these rocks that you notice and all over all over the place.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So we make sure so and it's not the graphic section so PC one and PC to for phoenix city one phoenix city to on this area.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And here, so one of the details on these again we're not going to spend too much time on this, but I want to just show you.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: briefly why we what we described in this area so mpc one mpc to do not this understanding of exceptions we see common sense dawns on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Here, and over this area, and so on conglomerates and problematic sandstorms.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: and comma within these sessions of rocks are cross bed in this symbol over here we're gonna take a look over the East side of so on our class lots of these cross cross bearing very, very common and it's very important to help us to interpret a positional environment.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Of these tuscaloosa, at least on this in this region, and we also see on these areas clay stones, we see here on on the graphic sections again we're gonna take a look at the rocks directly on the east side of the region, I just want to present these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sort of graphic sections here to show you or to give you an idea where we see in the younger strata above the cost of living unconformity within that tuscaloosa formation.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so if we move on now from this area of the phoenix city.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: one and two, so the graphic sections that we moved out here today, towards the east, where we measure another district graphic section and we.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: started this rocks in more detail laterally.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So where we can see that post or blame unconformity.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So let's look at get a close up of that area, so here is how spectacular rocks and have to say that something that I miss being in in Georgia area is this vibrant and beautiful colors and yellows and reds and oranges, that we don't get to see over here in Kansas.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Great colors and so on, so it's amazing the exposures and great for get all these interpretations and the describing this roxanne informed him so we get to see very sharp contacts i'm going to show you in a second, but we also get to see some as lumping.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like we see over here so just more than.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Last landslide a processing in the area Okay, so what we see here, as I said, we described as like the graphic section.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And you see it on the left so we're gonna take a look of in detail, where we're describing here from these two top.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, first of all, we have sown sharp contacts that help us to define like in the big picture, where they are rocks and where we're seeing here so first we have this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: chart contact here towards the top of this portion of that divides the mother soil and I love your quarter Mary we see what he had in place in this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Section and where we are interested in discussing for today's a field trip the tuscaloosa formation, they open crustaceans of cinnamon.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So they all they're sharp contact is willing that tuscaloosa formation and this actually very important sharp it optional contact that is going to be.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Help us to define the cost of playing unconformity So what we see in this area, where the elite ology is and their need.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The first two meters of exposure we see this place don't relish it changes the color more reddish orange grade at times placed on with song components of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sandy and silty a time, so you can really feel it in certain areas or there's our brain Marshall fine fine fine grain, so a typical placed on the plate of Georgia and also something that we are serving the the model in.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: These these region we don't find any for sale content at least agnostic looking at the microscope are looking at the rocks in any of these rocks and that also help us to interpret number one, but also to roll out some of these ideas of all.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The positional environment that we're going to talk about in a second so Okay, so we have this model reddish orange we're going to in the next slide look at some of the details of these where we see in close up looking at hand samples, and both of these chopper ocean or contact, we have.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sandstone side conglomerate sticks and stones and again different colors mostly white tank or entrepreneurs, as I described from the john get a start up very common cross bearing not is the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The symbols on the study graphic sections, and we also see this on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: implication or so in alignment of the grains and the conglomerates notice here, I tried to we tried to recreate it on the industry specific section of this conglomerate thick layer so one of them following just the Cross fading successions and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And then the other next day, which are contact and the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Fraternity on top.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So we get applause.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: get a closer look of these areas, we see the chart nature of the shark contact of this area notice here just moving the mouse.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And they and they need the model right place stone and above that very clean moderately sorted sandstone and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: You can even get to see some of the economic and i'm going to show better examples of these girls were in here just to show why we have Dr Burry know point out also doing he's overview or during his talk like right above that sharp contact again here.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is what the graphic section we get to see blast hoops one class of centimeter to in certain areas meter a scale.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: class of these word it seems the same composition of the unit below and in certain areas, even whether.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: basement you also notice over here, so one of these class that aren't just referring to some of them are anglers one of them around that so that at least has given us on ideas of not emotion of a transport or reworking an emotion that transfer over this area, so the cluster designs.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And here, another example of these the shower contact right underneath the finger for scale and another example of these rounded.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Around there soon angular grains.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And another angle over here and a wedding these sandstone.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: unit right above the sharp contact important for the interpretation that is coming next, and he had another example of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: rounded in this case.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: placed on class weeding the sandstone and here we also see some.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Cross burning sensation sandstone within are associated with this class that event seems to be forming lenses this a photo was taken like approximately less than one meter above the chart emotional content.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so that's in terms of where we see right above the surface, that we are racing on these areas.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so what we see underneath so and only within these model.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Read placed on we see several fishers as as also Dr Brian pointed out earlier, with the associated with better genesis we see is on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: route like traces that are truncated again right against that sharp contacts were not this we can trace on of them.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Here, and over these areas, so what I want to point out here is that this surface, there is a structure so a truncated roots structures that we are defining here.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Not only is visible on the surface of the Rock you actually go when you break the rock and in areas where is very preserve.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This is a cloud based on, we can actually go around the rock and see these structures branching into so so that at least help us with interpretation that they look like roots more than.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: ban fractures water going, we also see within these, I have another, I have another email over across off on another yeah game, here we have the sharp contact and the overland sandstone and the class on top, and not is these again these fractures that seems to truncate against.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The surface, along with this, a structures we also identified levelers or these reddish I don't reach like a conclusion type hard to get a good picture of them.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: that's where we are, but I have it from other the other stops and also as leaking size as they can size is a common feature that we identify with in.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Modern unforeseeable and soils as the wider as they shrink and when they are driving they are losing the water and then, when they get water, so this changes in.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Within these structures, make the form this is leaking size or surfaces that you move along so displays are very, very common and these flitting this read the question so so that's a again important for for the interpretations of these these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so why we see above so as I promise here is a beautiful picture of the sedimentary structures that we observe within the assessment so This again is a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Cross bedding is common throughout the day the unit, the sandstone units, so he had noticed on the picture we get to see us on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Dominant direction of the cross bearing towards the East, as you can praise son of the interview follow the mouse but they're also saw on that going the other direction, towards the West, and you get to see.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Going in both directions and also how they coarser grain.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like in this case, this this rocks and stones in this area and common and the tuscaloosa are mostly composed of course and so on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Heavy minerals, and so in Moscow bite, but mainly course courses, that is, the mandatory are the main grains here, so you get to see a larger in this case, this is a motherly to pull this or that grains but not is how they follow the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Corresponding like how the grains they will our screens follow the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Cross button along the side and also went over this area, so this is a nice example of that when we are describing the area viable directional of cross bedding again is important for the interpretation and it's also.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Consistent with what a previous work also an area for the tuscaloosa permission.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so with the data that I just present briefly and looking at here at these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Beautiful sharp contact it ocean our local we have sown localized erosion along this area for up to a meter and and we're going to talk about these in the other location in the other steps as well.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: We have a week, we can make someone interpretations for for the for the area so for this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sharp contact a that we can follow, and here I just put the dash lines to the left to kind of like they contact goes there but because there's lumping.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The modern as long been is hard to trace over, but we can raise this child contract towards the West and passing these as lumping towards the East.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: For at least three meters in for at least a meters in the area, so that again makes it one of the most spectacular sharper ocean or contact that we.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: place our fingers on the box so based on the data that we described from this area for for the lower for these lower read placed on we interpreted as our residual value so built on these a basement rocks the appalachian pittman crystal inbox.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So if we go approximately 500 meters north is and hear the map for reference again so we go outside of this map over this area approximately 500 meters and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Approximately 20 meters below this elevation we find a song weather basement rocks that likely be the department rock for these families who we have here in this area so that's the interpretation and based on the pedal genesis genesis.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And they are the features that we identify fear the modeling route like structures, the levels this lake and size and the truncation along the surface.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And so it's why we interpret us as as a policy for the unit below right and they're needing this chart contact So what we have for the above so above the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Child emotional contact, we have the sun stones on problematic sandstorms with this Bible cross Baron.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: and say interpreted by us and by previous work as a flow via in origin is specifically a greater deposits coming into this this area tuscaloosa over the Georgia in the eastern part of Alabama is.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: interpreted as tosca as a fluid in our region as we continue moving West towards the western part of Alabama and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Texas area that tuscaloosa becomes marine and you get to see more of the Marine foreseeable Center is common in this shallow water.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: shallow water and marine environments, as I said before, within this tuscaloosa formation, we don't really see any fossils and that doesn't rule out a marine origin.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: But we don't really we don't find any and forcing all that cool indicate, but again towards the north Carolina and to the Texas.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: You get to see forces that not only help you with a positional number one interpretation, but also with Asia control Dr rain also point out earlier So here we have again this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: flavio environment, on top of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sharp emotional contact and these data, is where we use to place the cost of Labor conformity along along this this area is exciting event to say that we have the an alcohol with these characteristics and the weekend place these important surface.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: For several several meters, so what we can see is the these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: palio so have enough time.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: To form, this is a very thick to set succession, so what we're thinking is that they doing these for doing this conforming to the surface of a lot of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Time of exposure for these before prior the position of the of the flow via units of the tuscaloosa for these policies or to develop.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: In humid conditions, we know that the plan your latitude of these areas of North America during the cretaceous was a human law latitude conditions, so we have enough.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Time and exposure to deposit the party so and then time for this flavio's to go with an inside along these postal service and creating a door Sean and rewarding and remember I point out these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Large.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: class of different sizes centimeter to meter time, so we have time to adult along this exposure and to develop these fake fathers or succession, and then the reverse later systems coming into an adult in alarm, this was the plane unconformity.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And I think that that's where this is step one.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: When I open up for a questions or discussions or you may have.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Just for reference a feel guy the doctor or a nurse and that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I believe, yesterday you can go and look at some of the details of this stuff impatient 15 and 17.
barineau_clinton: Okay well we'll open it up to questions feel free to ask them in the chat I would mention neglected to mention earlier kind of the structure of this our idea.
barineau_clinton: is again to to do this in three one hour blocks and so and leaving questions and then time for questions in the middle.
barineau_clinton: At the top of the hour, we will take just a short 15 minute break give people a chance to stretch your legs go use the restroom grab a snack whatever it is that we need to do.
barineau_clinton: And reconvene we'll make sure we announce when those brakes are taking place, but the right hand we have we have time for questions, either for myself or for Dr Ortega and we're happy to.
barineau_clinton: To either verbally tell you or try to show you with some of the the photos that we have so so feel free to type in a question in the chat or unmute your microphone and ask.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I see that mark, I have a question so.
mark carter: yeah this is more quarter with the usgs i've got actually a couple of questions, but I don't want to dominate time for last one, and then.
mark carter: What other people asking nobody jumps in i'll just kind of continue on Firstly, you see no evidence for structural defamation along your contact down there in Georgia, I assume you don't see any any faults they come from the basement and they cut the cretaceous units.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: hi I think i'm going, I can answer a little bit, and then you can jump in.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So no we don't see any folder formation or anything of these a notion that we are looking at more positional related than a structural so we don't, at least in a scale of the our corrupt and in the region, we don't see it I don't know even the more larger scale, have you seen any.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: False in the area, clean, but I have not seen any.
barineau_clinton: yeah mark so yeah we you know that is one of the things that I was actually first concerned about when we started working in this area, is it possible that will see.
barineau_clinton: faulting and and no, there is certainly evidence South Columbus and some of the younger strata for really deep basement fault, so you can actually see some tilting in the coastal playing some of the few places where.
barineau_clinton: where you have good outcrop of it, you know just several degrees and I know people have you know mapped in seismic some some some deep seated faults that may be kind of tilting the coastal plain, but in this particular area, you can find places where you can find kind of modern slumping.
barineau_clinton: And so.
barineau_clinton: You have evidence for that in locations, but i've never seen anything in mapping this that would suggest a really abrupt you know change in the elevation of the unconformity based on some sort of shallow penetrating ball so but yeah it's a it's a valid concern and a great question.
yeah.
barineau_clinton: Any other questions.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I see other questions in the shot.
barineau_clinton: Okay alright so let's see me.
barineau_clinton: See.
barineau_clinton: Nice case to be made for raising the base of tough tuscaloosa to unconformity, including the Paleo saw with the basement rocks Have we considered making that change so yeah absolutely um one of the things that.
barineau_clinton: And again, I want to be careful, because we have mapped this unconformity you know again in in western Georgia, all the way into Central Alabama in in those areas, it certainly has a Paleo assault the base now once you get into Western Alabama.
barineau_clinton: You know I not worked in those areas along the coast of playing on conformity and I don't know if that Paleo is always present and I My suspicion is there may be people in this room that know the answer to that question.
barineau_clinton: And so i'd be.
barineau_clinton: i'd be hesitant to certainly make the argument that you know across the entire.
barineau_clinton: length of tuscaloosa that the microphone is actually in the tuscaloosa and not at the base of it, but certainly in this area, it lies within the tuscaloosa formation.
barineau_clinton: We have certainly noted that, in my graduate student Daniel blacks and his thesis and of course we're certainly noting it here in this field trip guidebook and a doctorate taken and I are actually working on a journal article.
barineau_clinton: Using this information, along with some other information that we have other other kind of the latest greatest stuff that it's not quite ready for prime time here.
barineau_clinton: In that we will be essentially proposing to Duncan formulas in the tuscaloosa the owner, do you want to add anything to that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I just want to add that we look in here and unconformity that have a lot of emotion and relieve along the way, so, especially the borrower ocean reworking has worked along the way, is higher, to find.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like the soil, the police officer at all times, and so do you do you're going to see that this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: service is going to be taking a lot of the unit so where to place it sometimes it may be, just like where you seen it like, in this case, where we have a very amazing exposure.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: You have a good control and preservation of where you can place but in areas where you don't see the soil, they probably saw on areas, that is.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Soft surface or most limit or more limited exposure they think that then is like a I will I will call it like a sewn of these unconformity because we have to consider it that emotion that goes along.
barineau_clinton: Alright, so our next question in the chat and, by the way, if I if we did not answer your question, please let us know hey you didn't quite answer my question and we'll be happy to do that.
barineau_clinton: Our next question the chat was is nice retraces convincingly cut off of the unconformity have you found evidence of animal bye bye probation such as earthworm burrows or crayfish burrows so deanna i'm going to defer to you on this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I wish I wish i've been I look at this rocks and trying to find any evidence like as me and more recent rocks in Providence Canyon area and i'm more like a tertiary and liquidations.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Not later crustaceans there and and we found really good as a pilot to ration within this this works with incense that so so here, no, we don't we have not sown of this route, the structures, like, as I said, the cut through the rocks is seem to be some activation that maybe I need.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Your help to to identify them to roll out that if they saw roots are actually could be borrowed.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: reservation is structures so so yeah that's it's more work to do to do here to to really identify this despite innovation, but as a list of work that we've done here, I did not find any motivation.
Any of.
barineau_clinton: Our next question is, does the Paleo soul ever great downward into sampled as metamorphic rocks and so i'll i'll say this.
barineau_clinton: they're they're not alone not allow locations where you get enough depth and we know and i'm going to share this at our next stop We know from.
barineau_clinton: very limited coring that's been done, and again it wasn't for geological purposes it, for it was for foundation work here on sees us main campus.
barineau_clinton: We know in some places that we're looking literally at you know 1010 or more meters of this really thick clay units, these are really thick soils.
barineau_clinton: And you know very thick you know so horizons, which are quite consistent with what we know about the soils they're essentially ox assault or in the in the older term.
barineau_clinton: You know lateral rights and accessible as the the weather zones in those kind of tropical high rainfall extreme chemical weathering souls can be quite thick and we're seeing that here.
barineau_clinton: don't can't think of an outcrop or actually had like actually go from the soil directly into the basement, but we will see in some of the some of the reports from.
barineau_clinton: Congressional campus that that you can basically infer that what I had seen in places are regions where the paley assault still preserved relic fully Asians, you can actually see in places.
barineau_clinton: Some of the original you know metamorphic fabric in these in these Hollywood soils alignment of Mike is basically banding that is consistent with regional with regional affiliation trends.
barineau_clinton: But yeah.
barineau_clinton: You know, at some point I hope and outcrop will reveal itself.
barineau_clinton: where you can actually see that transition, but today it is it's not so.
barineau_clinton: next question we have was can you talk a little bit more about the slick in line fractures and the Paleo assault.
barineau_clinton: That are here, you found manganese coatings on them, have you measured them switching fractures for any trends so i'm gonna.
barineau_clinton: i'm gonna let Dr take a talk about this and then i'll be glad to chime in and give you my two cents, I will add, we are at the break and so anybody that wants to take a break, by all means go right ahead.
barineau_clinton: we'll reconvene and basically in 15 minutes and so that's 1215 Eastern time 1115 central time and get sort of our next stop but i'm i'm happy to stay here through the break and answer questions and i'll defer to Dr Ortega own on this other one.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So yes, like we not only in this stop or the in their or their desktops as well, we found these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: is leaking side fractures, and this is referring the question for the we have not measure, then we just saw turban described in, and they are not they don't have.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: any specific trained, or like a pattern that you can follow it, I don't think that they are associated with any structural or any full control.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I think they are randomly arrange like you, you find that a very small like again the nature of the of the preservation of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: soils or this place down here, makes it harder to see any structure, so we just a break in the rocks and looking along the sides are displaced once we get to see these like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A surfaces that look like a movement along, just like you'll see now in a in a fall displacement, but again they are randomly a line, there is no any.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like movement associated is more of like when again, as I mentioned in my presentation is more when they this this clays lose the water.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And they get the dry and then they get water it again, but it's kind of displacement normal of getting right on with different times so so that's a common thing that we see in the in the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Formation of soils in place stones in the modern, but also in the in the fossil record so is that is that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: An indication that we need to use, along with all the other observations to interpret this as a party so that alone cannot be used that so that that's answering that bar and I seen the question, or do you want to add to that clean.
barineau_clinton: I was just gonna say.
barineau_clinton: More.
barineau_clinton: You know what as a structural geologists when I hear slick inside second lines you know my initial thought was Oh, are we talking about full thing.
barineau_clinton: And in so deanna in our conversations you know educated me a good bit about soils in in the fact that these kind of expansion wedding and dry expansion contraction cycles and soils produce basically these very similar features.
barineau_clinton: I was expecting to build a go to now crop and kind of see them on fractured surface like you would, if you were working you know in Crispin rocks.
barineau_clinton: And one of the things that really surprised me is in in order to see, most of them you actually have to kind of break the break a piece of the Rock off and then slowly peel it apart on the fractures to actually see them.
barineau_clinton: And at that point i'm backing up more familiar with okay Well, this is what these looking lines look like look inside look like in in the soils.
barineau_clinton: At that point, I started, you know thinking about them, you know how.
barineau_clinton: How might you go about trying to treat them like you would in a classic structural analysis.
barineau_clinton: and, obviously, in this case it's almost like taking oriented samples, I will say that you know in in looking at them, you do have to peel apart, a lot of the paley soul to actually finally find one.
barineau_clinton: And i've never had any outcrop seen you know what I would consider to be any rhyme or reason to them, you know kind of mirroring what what deanna said.
mark carter: Okay yeah that's that's that's what I want to hear I guess in Virginia North Carolina where we're working in the seismic zones, we see similar we see these manganese code it slick and surfaces in.
mark carter: In the satellites and one of the things that we're trying to resolve here are these.
mark carter: Are these.
mark carter: Soil processes or are these something that could be related to to some of our are Holocene pliocene pleistocene earthquakes.
mark carter: And we do see in places that they are random so yeah shrinks well is probably the the the process that's going on right here, but what we do see.
mark carter: Particularly say now in this part in North Carolina area that part of that rupture zone appear to have.
mark carter: I don't want to say reactivated or utilize some of those manganese coated slick in land surfaces, to come up to the surface and, of course, in in the central Virginia seismic zones, we found similar.
mark carter: faults utilizing these manganese scenes.
mark carter: With flicking lines.
mark carter: That actually offset into form some of the some of the the structure in sample.
mark carter: So I just wanted to wanting to get that clarified.
TOM HANLEY: Can I make a comment.
barineau_clinton: Of course you can tell.
TOM HANLEY: i've seen a second lines.
TOM HANLEY: On surfaces in construction sites.
TOM HANLEY: Cutting through the satellite and the surface, that second line might be Oh, maybe at most of square foot in in surface area.
TOM HANLEY: Those services are steeply dipping and the slick and lines dip have a down dip direction.
TOM HANLEY: So there's nothing there's nothing lateral about them and I always got them confused or related to related patches of Mike is in.
TOM HANLEY: And some of the more by acacias.
TOM HANLEY: Somewhere my cases rocks anyway that's my that's my observation.
barineau_clinton: And I just want to point out, Tom.
barineau_clinton: Tom handling daughter hailey you just spoke, he did a lot of fundamental work, especially in the Piedmont terrains.
barineau_clinton: In this area, and again a lot of this a lot of what we've done is really based on his decades of work in this area and i'm grateful.
barineau_clinton: for his willingness to the cart me around and show me the local geology here when I first got here so.
barineau_clinton: But I do want to mirror what he said in that when I when when i've seen these things, for the most part you're lucky if they cover you know six square inches of a surface they typically are not very extensive and so.
barineau_clinton: And i'm not sure mark that that sounds like maybe what you're looking at or something a little more extensive in terms of surface area on this look and sides.
mark carter: yeah I think there's maybe a little bit a bit larger than that again as, as you just mentioned, there we've seen them in construction zones to we've actually seen.
mark carter: flicking lines that are horizontal that show some type of.
mark carter: in and out, rather than just.
mark carter: You know, a normal or a thrust movement and of course with the with the.
mark carter: With the structure in the.
mark carter: Satellite ones and actually get cinematics off of these things that we're seeing normal false we're seeing thrust balls we're seeing strike slips in the whole whole range things but that still doesn't necessarily mean that they couldn't be a product of frank's well.
mark carter: yeah it's just something that we're dealing with up here and trying to get a larger data set.
mark carter: To make some rhyme or reason as to Okay, are these things, some type of neo tectonic eater or or these things just simply a product.
mark carter: Soil formation.
mark carter: And the jury's still out on.
mark carter: That one more question for you, I know y'all probably need to take a break to so you don't need to answer it right now, but some at some point time your class compositions.
mark carter: In your grapples in tuscaloosa above the Paleo song, what are you looking at mostly are you looking at vain courts are you looking at local metamorphic.
mark carter: The see any weird stuff.
mark carter: That you really can't pinpoint where it may come from.
mark carter: And do you see any Armor leg balls to do some of the clay class show armoring.
barineau_clinton: yeah that's a great question i'm going to defer to deanna and then i'll follow up okay.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, within the tuscaloosa most of the gravel esports that's not surprising, we also the the gravel size, we also get to see sort of a local.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: metamorphic like you get to see some sights on grenade, but they are broken up loud as it's not the most common one is those are the first ones that were around.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, but, of course, is the mostly within these gravel size, we also have, as you point out the clay balls and some of these clay I don't REACH.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This this place Bo also sometimes have these rooms surrounding them.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: With made of iron rage, like some mentor up very, very, very, very hard so so that's a harder to erode away so, so I think that is also very common in within these tuscaloosa and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Talking about the winning the palio soul, if we find class, yes, we have sown isolated grains, of course, and we also have sown.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Just like and in a modern soil, you see, so one of the parent rock presence or we get to see some core side fragments and so on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Not in this stop one here is mostly for site where i'm seeing, but you get to see, oh no there, yes, on Nice weather very whether I was reading this one, but but that's that's about it, most of the ground ucs gravel size is course.
barineau_clinton: So yeah i'll add to that, mark you know, a bill frazier who worked in these rocks you know, told me on multiple occasions and he showed me God showed me photos that we used during Daniels thesis work.
barineau_clinton: You know of court sites that he felt in a really consistent will being derived from the hollis core site up in the in the pine mountain built to north of us.
barineau_clinton: A lot of.
barineau_clinton: Class interpreters really highly weather basement, and this is something the question deana deana and I also had a conversation about this is some of these.
barineau_clinton: Some of these boat, you know pebbled boulder size class into the trial units that are clearly derived from the underlying basement and the question that of course we had was Okay, are these.
barineau_clinton: Basically, the you know Paleo assault class that we're we're broken off the Paleo soul as clays and then you know just not move very far like the picture that we showed you.
barineau_clinton: But then there's there's literally boulder size like over a meter in size class sitting right on top of the unconformity that, of course.
barineau_clinton: You have in many cases, someone angular shapes and you know, the question is could those have been derived as basement and then whether it in place, because of course they were all being deposited in the same basic environment.
barineau_clinton: And so they originally they were locally dropped bedrock that, then you know was basically turned turned into soils.
barineau_clinton: So yeah the The other thing that we do find in there and you're going to see this at this next outcrop you can kind of get an idea of where this stuff came from.
barineau_clinton: As I mentioned we're these really read higher hard completions that I think a lot of soul scientists would refer to as pies of list, but there are derived from from some of these underlying soils where they have the consistency of something called a.
barineau_clinton: Plant fighter a pitcher plant fight and i've.
barineau_clinton: i've had to learn a lot about soils as i've been working all this stuff and i'm not you know even remotely.
barineau_clinton: Competent as a soul scientist, but I think a lot of the stuff i've been seeing in the literature on soils is really consistent with what we're seeing here, so you do occasionally see.
barineau_clinton: Things you know pies lists that were that were really derived from the underlying soil as as a soil and again and it lends to the idea that we're not looking at a modern so we're looking at a cretaceous soil.
barineau_clinton: And then the last part is the the tuscaloosa is really a kale and rich deposit it has a lot of kale one.
barineau_clinton: And I think the overwhelming majority of that, if not all of it was deposited as basically felt bar so these were essentially.
barineau_clinton: You know our co succeeds, and our Cosa grapples when they were deposited in the fellas bars are essentially weathering in place to produce this really kale and rich matrix.
mark carter: yeah that's that's what y'all are seeing down there it's just what we're seeing from basically South Carolina on up into Virginia.
barineau_clinton: Okay same.
mark carter: same sediment ology more or less I think there's a bit more detail and layers are units from South Carolina South and they're all from North Carolina North into Virginia, but you know they're on vacation.
mark carter: or Great This is great, I appreciate y'all appreciate y'all running this trip.
barineau_clinton: Go ahead deanna.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: No, I just want to like, as is based on what is the previous work, this is, this is what is expected in these Georgia carolinas area like these more.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: flavio nation of the tuscaloosa and becoming more marine as we move West towards the Texas area, so, so I think that this is great to hear that, in the carolinas and they are seeing the same you're seeing the same similar data Center mythology as we're seeing here in Georgia and.
mark carter: we've got the Marine units up here as well, but.
mark carter: bazell rotation is obviously that that will be your sheet flows and regardless of where you're at whether you're in the Potomac whether you're in the Cape fear obviously when you're.
mark carter: In tuscaloosa down there, there are similar.
mark carter: sentiment ology similar structure similar everything.
barineau_clinton: yeah i'll note in in some of the research that that we've been doing those.
barineau_clinton: You know those that flew Neil surface those flew planes.
barineau_clinton: There mapped in the subsurface all the way out into the Gulf of Mexico, so these were really extensive coastal plain environments back in the midst and manian.
barineau_clinton: With just you know extensive fluidly little pauses being derived from the from the appalachians and clearly, it was a really widespread environment.
barineau_clinton: Well, I think.
barineau_clinton: I think we're back at the magic hour again.
barineau_clinton: So the on are you ready to get started again.
barineau_clinton: Yes, okay.
barineau_clinton: All right, okay Okay, well then i'm gonna.
barineau_clinton: i'm going to share my screen.
barineau_clinton: With everybody.
barineau_clinton: And so, hopefully.
barineau_clinton: Hopefully you guys can see Google earth again.
barineau_clinton: If not, let me know.
barineau_clinton: Yes, but yep yep So here we are we're.
barineau_clinton: again looking down on stop one and so we'll.
barineau_clinton: we'll jump back out again kind of zoom out to the whole region.
barineau_clinton: So we can see our study area, one more time and put everything into the reference.
barineau_clinton: And so there's are.
barineau_clinton: There are, like all over there in the chattahoochee river Columbus and Patrice excuse me and phoenix city on the West side of the State line and so now we're going to we're going to go over here to stop to.
barineau_clinton: Stop to is actually one of the first places where I actually saw this basic relationship and again grateful to bill frazier and Tom hanley for showing me some of these things.
barineau_clinton: But stop to is really a more typical group of exposures, in that they are they're not continuous you can actually put your your.
barineau_clinton: finger on the unconformity unless you're willing to go out there with a backhoe or do some really serious trenching.
barineau_clinton: into the hillside and so we're going to divide stop to actually into three different parts and so stop to a stop to be and stop to see.
barineau_clinton: Are all within walking distance and we would have if we have been here, we will take a little walk up the Hill and while people stop at burger king and use the bathroom and get get a whopper if you want it.
barineau_clinton: But so we'll zoom in here at stopped to way i'll note the this is right near the Columbus airport Columbus state university's main campus is just south of these locations, and this is the parking lot of one of the big malls here in Columbus so.
barineau_clinton: So we'll zoom in this is a alternate us 27 or Manchester expressway is it's not here in Columbus we're looking at Lindsay creek that runs.
barineau_clinton: Parallel to the highway and then runs underneath that and runs right through our main campus here there's some great exposures of basement on Lindsay creek from highway.
barineau_clinton: If you were to drop in here and then i'm going to look around you would see right over here behind these trees, of course, a lot of bank armoring.
barineau_clinton: from some of the local quarries but there's actually a really good exposure of the phoenix a nice here that Tom hanley worked on for so many years, and so we're going to jump back into.
barineau_clinton: Our presentation here, and so, so this is stopped to again consisting of three basic stops.
barineau_clinton: And so i'm gonna jump in here if you were if you were standing in Lindsay creek or very close to it, as I was in and look it up stream, then you can see a good outcrop of the of the phoenix see nice here.
barineau_clinton: Obvious obvious minimal fabric to it lots of areas where the structure has been disrupted by some heterogeneous strain lots of great photos good ice occasional folds in these in these systems.
barineau_clinton: You know, good good, fresh impolite in many places or kind of metadata rights in terms of composition to metal assault compositions Tom halen could could could speak for a speak to those details.
barineau_clinton: But we didn't want to it, even though it's not the focus of this trip, but we did want to give you some insights of okay.
barineau_clinton: How can we actually locate nonconformity when we're moving from disparate outcrop disparate outcrop again good close up images of the of the phoenix a nice and then little.
barineau_clinton: Micro graph showing dominant by tight Horn brand and politically his compositions in some of these metamorphic rocks.
barineau_clinton: And so, again, the idea is simply to point out that if you're steaming that list location, you have clear evidence that you are in the Piedmont.
barineau_clinton: If you were to simply walk up the hill right and that's what we're going to do here to learn we're just going to cross Manchester go up university avenue.
barineau_clinton: So literally just a few meters away, we have good exposures here on the edge of university avenue Columbus state university's main campus is just across the.
barineau_clinton: Road here, I take students on field trips, when we were able to do such things and we simply walk walk down the Hill and take a look at this and so we want to focus in on on this, the second stop but, again, you can find just from walking running up the hill.
barineau_clinton: And it's not much look at right and so it's mostly a pen stroke over hill there's a little parking lot back here.
barineau_clinton: That it's actually there because of the geology as we'll see here in a minute and it's really these little outcrops right here on the hillside that right literally behind the bus stop that will take a look at.
barineau_clinton: So let's see let's go back to their so, so this is what happens when you go out there with a rock hammer and you disturb the hillside and i'm sure upset the city of Columbus by making the hillside look messy but.
barineau_clinton: But but that's what it did it came out here and cleared away some of the stuff to see this outcrop that during the summer has a little bit less pond strolling.
barineau_clinton: And this is basically what we're looking at is this kind of reddish orange modeled material and i'll show you guys some close ups of this.
barineau_clinton: But it's it's it, you know, at first glance, it doesn't quite look like a metamorphic rock and as we zoom in a little closer, we can see.
barineau_clinton: That it doesn't have characteristics of metamorphic rocks, and so one of the things i'll draw your attention to intention here.
barineau_clinton: Is the presence of these elliptical to kind of spiritual structures of varying colors you notice, many of them have what appears to be a realm around them and i'll show you other other class that look like this.
barineau_clinton: The very, very hard, if you probably want to have amount you literally can't crush it in your hand, you have to break it up with a hammer.
barineau_clinton: If we zoom in really close and look at some of those one of the things will notice are these these vague elliptical rounded structures very, very harder I enrich.
barineau_clinton: And we do see evidence for some some courts amidst all the claims and overwhelmingly this is really placed on with these various structures and courts grains in it.
barineau_clinton: I want to point out the the course when you're looking at that is not a fracture across that surface right that's actually.
barineau_clinton: It broke across that coarse grain so we're looking at the surface of that course grains very irregular surface.
barineau_clinton: It looks like this thing's been chemically dissolved The other thing will notice here is in other courts grains they seem to have some sort of room around them so and.
barineau_clinton: As I was it was it will see is, as I was looking at these things and really thinking about this in the context of the soil, and this is what both bill frazier and Tom handley.
barineau_clinton: got across to me is that that people working in this area had already identified not this particular outcrop but other outcrops in the region as being indicative of you know something that had been affected by ketogenic processes and not modern processing but ancient processes so.
barineau_clinton: In the last several months as I started looking more and more at at soils and trying to understand what we had here I ran across.
barineau_clinton: A lot of literature on this this term, a plant site and the very first thing I noticed when I started looking at pictures of these fights was.
barineau_clinton: holy smokes those look a lot like what we see, I mean they were dead ringers and when I started sending some of these articles and images, to be honest.
barineau_clinton: Is she saying Okay, what do you think of this, you know could, if I just showed you this picture I bet you couldn't tell if you were in Columbus or somewhere else, and these are part of more recent younger.
barineau_clinton: parenthetic soils from the southern Alabama region of dothan and what they are, is there the results of extreme chemical weathering.
barineau_clinton: And as you get fluctuations in the water table and get variation between oxidizing in reducing conditions, you are constantly moving iron.
barineau_clinton: From a plus two to a plus three state and in in one of those States it's very soluble in water in the other state it's not and so, once you precipitate it.
barineau_clinton: Under oxidizing conditions if you can repeat that process over and over and over again, once you start getting are these really hard nodule or structures that have a lot of different names, depending on their shapes and characteristics.
barineau_clinton: But overall, so all scientists refer to them as plinth sites, and these are very typical a plant that soils here on our right.
barineau_clinton: And so I started trying to think about our soils are Paleo saw in that same framework and boy, and you see some of the same basic structures in this outcrop.
barineau_clinton: The other thing that you'll find if you as you look in the literature is dissolved and invade courts grains are really typical in the soils because we're basically.
barineau_clinton: De silicate in the soil and I never heard of that term until I started looking at some of these social science literature.
barineau_clinton: But in extreme weather environments you do literally get to the point where you are attacking you know things like courts, and you will start in Beijing and dissolving them as you start producing iron and aluminum oxide in these these oxo souls again.
barineau_clinton: Access all is a term that you used by social scientists here in the US, a lot of geologists know that term as a lateral right to but but access all this, I think the preferred term.
barineau_clinton: For these extremely whether it's soils and tropical environment and plant bites are very typical of ox assault and all the souls and other souls that have extreme extreme weather and conditions.
barineau_clinton: There are some technical definitions for plant bites and that's one of the areas I intend to.
barineau_clinton: To test to see if I can actually you know structurally define this as a point died at some point, but it has all the markings of these.
barineau_clinton: Plant sites or in our case, what we would call a pitcher plant it PETRA plant sites or soils that have these plants like characteristics.
barineau_clinton: From repeated wedding drawing cycles, in the presence of iron and magnesium.
barineau_clinton: But upon drying they never go back to a solid state, and so, even when you drive these things out or sorry, or when you wear them again they still stay.
barineau_clinton: And this really hard structure that doesn't simply fall apart between your fingers, it makes it very hard oxidize oxidize magnesium oxidize aluminum oxidized structures.
barineau_clinton: And so what we could do now is, you know as we were doing this work realize that hey we were not obviously not the first people to recognize this in this area, and so, when you think Leo and jurgen reinhardt back in 1980s.
barineau_clinton: turns out, they had already been to Columbus and identified some of these and so.
barineau_clinton: The good news is Is it because we're in Google earth we can take a really quick side trip over and take a look at what they were working on back in that period of time.
barineau_clinton: And so, and then jump out here and we're not going to go very far from this location really going to go kind of the downtown Columbus, and this is an area where sequin reinhart and it's right here, not too far from the from the chattahoochee river.
barineau_clinton: Even if we zoom in as right very near the Columbus waterworks plant.
barineau_clinton: And right in this hillside and, unfortunately, if you stand on the road to take, pictures and you drop into Google earth all you see is trees.
barineau_clinton: But if you can, if you can make your way up through the trees and the various brush and whatnot and somehow stand on that hillside you can access those same outcrops that they did back in 1980s.
barineau_clinton: In so i'll show you some some examples of those those outcrops that they included in this abstract and this is paper.
barineau_clinton: And you'll notice a lot of the same structure that we're seeing, of course, on our trip and color but they're in black and white these look like typical plant by plant that parenthetic soils are like we see in that both an area or down in the tropics and like we're seeing in this.
barineau_clinton: This same outcrop that we're seeing here at stopped to a they saw the same thing here back in 1980s and described in detail.
barineau_clinton: Again, the same kind of non jeweler pies Ellis or in a broader sense globules these kind of rounded three dimensional structures of.
barineau_clinton: varying in duration, if you zoom in and look at some of those structures inside those little pathetic nodules you can see courts that again has been chemically attack is all that invade.
barineau_clinton: So they had great example, so this stuff already from the 19 again from 88 and so we're just kind of piggybacking on some of those basic ideas that these are in fact Paleo souls they get some really good analysis.
barineau_clinton: geochemical analysis in our logical analysis grain size analysis to show a very typical.
barineau_clinton: You know, changing grain size with depth very similar very typical soils changes in aluminum and iron oxide concentrations.
barineau_clinton: and changes in basic claimed mineralogy that was very consistent with intense chemical weathering you know tropical environment.
barineau_clinton: And their argument in his paper was basically what we're seeing is opposing from their soils we're seeing the be horizon of the souls that kind of the zone of accumulation.
barineau_clinton: Where all those materials that have been leached or alleviated down from the horizon and into the into the subsurface This is where that stuff's accumulating and growing is is you know, one of these really intensely weathered.
barineau_clinton: soils, they were then subsequently buried by the overlying the trial unit tuscaloosa forming in those those braided luteal systems.
barineau_clinton: And, of course, so we can jump back here to stop to be and, again, you can see some of those political structures globules again very consistent with what we're seeing from modern plant vidic soils and so i'll take us back.
barineau_clinton: And we'll go back to stop to be.
barineau_clinton: And so here's a so back here and then what we're simply going to do is we're going to drop in at this location and we're simply going to walk up the hill little bit.
barineau_clinton: And so we're simply going to march again literally 100 feet or so or right up the sidewalk and lead this outcrop here.
barineau_clinton: And when we do we're going to end up again a little higher and higher elevation.
barineau_clinton: But really not impressive outcrop, and so I debated whether or not to even you know, this is a pretty embarrassing outcrop is outcrops go up because it's mostly pine straw.
barineau_clinton: And, at least at this lower location, you have a little bit of exposed paley assault, but it was upper location, you really need a shovel and but I felt like that was really important.
barineau_clinton: for getting across the idea of this is what a lot of this this field work on this project has consisted of.
barineau_clinton: i've had to have had to start carrying a shovel with me, at times, which i'm not typically done in the past but i'm doing it now.
barineau_clinton: And so trenching down into the soil, you have to get down through the the modern kind of organic right sold horizon through the roots, but it doing so.
barineau_clinton: If you dig down you'll start to see evidence for betting the soil will really start to see a dramatic decrease in.
barineau_clinton: organics as you get below the horizons of soil modern soil and get into these these really portrait sands and grapples.
barineau_clinton: Of the tuscaloosa formation, so you can see in this image is a little some angular two sub rounded courts cranes, you can actually see.
barineau_clinton: derivation those some of those little red dots that you see there that's some of that plant material some of that the soil pathogenic structures from that were derived from the underlying soil.
barineau_clinton: So we can see a little little better close up on on some of those in this in this in.
barineau_clinton: This is really typical of the tuscaloosa now.
barineau_clinton: When you're down low in it, you do very commonly see things that you interpret is being derived from the alias all but the thing that gives this away as the tuscaloosa formation.
barineau_clinton: is really what we see here at this lower part of the image and i'll blow that up, and this is really.
barineau_clinton: Courts grains along with some maybe heavy minerals and things derived from the Paleo assault but kind of floating in a kale and matrix and it's that it's that kale and I that we interpret.
barineau_clinton: Its origin as really being detritus felled Spar that was in whether it in place, and so we end up with this kale Nick rich.
barineau_clinton: detritus tuscaloosa unit and that's really how we recognize it one of the keys in the study area to add to really distinguishing between the the tribal tuscaloosa units and some of the younger kind of.
barineau_clinton: material is that once you know, once you deposit that stuff that with the fellas bars the kale in the courses is they're forming the matrix.
barineau_clinton: If you rework this in any significant way the kale and tends to disappear for the most part, and so our younger clinical turmeric.
barineau_clinton: ternary sediments that often CAP these things tend to be a lot more kale and poor kale and free.
barineau_clinton: Many cases, so this is really classic tuscaloosa formation again from digging a hole in the hillside and then.
barineau_clinton: Trying to cover back up when I was finished and so, if we go back to this outcrop and realize Okay, if I just dig down a little bit into this hillside.
barineau_clinton: and see what are the units up here versus this Paleo assault, which is so clearly exposed down here the lower part of the outcrop.
barineau_clinton: Then what that requires me to do is say okay well the coastal plain and conformity must be between those two locations.
barineau_clinton: And so I certainly could go in there, try to try to get a backhoe or show and really spend some time trenching it out and probably put our finger on it.
barineau_clinton: So we have certainly done that, as some locations and we're going to see that at our next field trip stop where you really need a shovel to expose it.
barineau_clinton: But this is a great example of how you literally can go to three outcrops you know, all within several hundred meters of each other and over a short period of time really pin down we're that unconformity must be based on this.
barineau_clinton: One of the things i'll note is that back in the.
barineau_clinton: Around 2000 2008 2009 CSU put in a very large REC Center it's visible in the satellite image, right here there's our field trip stops.
barineau_clinton: And so, as they were doing the Foundation work for that I came on the site one day in interfaced with our plan operations crew and got to talk to the contractor.
barineau_clinton: and asked him if they Would you mind sharing their their drawer logs with me.
barineau_clinton: And so i'm actually actually had those things on file and so when we were working on this project, I went back and looked at some of those, and so this is just a snapshot.
barineau_clinton: of one of the jeweler's logs, and so what will notice is first of all, the REC centers a little lower in elevation this hillside over here, so this particular core came from about 106 meters.
barineau_clinton: away above sea level and as they went down they went through kind of medium medium dense brown find a core sand.
barineau_clinton: gradually becoming more silty and clay rich and you'll notice they know that it was very stiff to hard orange can you know find sandy silver in many of the borings they know that it's it's silty clay.
barineau_clinton: And you'll notice that they got refusal, and this is really typical longest but they stopped the boring or got refusal.
barineau_clinton: At elevations about 97 meters and at least one of those they noted that, when they they pulled everything back up.
barineau_clinton: That what came out of the whole was mixed was was Brock mixed with this this hard clay.
barineau_clinton: And so it turns out, this is really consistent with what we're seeing at these three outcrops the outcrop in Lindsay creek as basically at 97 meters.
barineau_clinton: Are outcrop our own conformity here is at about 109 meters they're starting about three meters lower than that so they're probably in that Paleo assault or very close to it i'm in short order, and you can see, they have to go, less than a meter to start heating these really.
barineau_clinton: dense orange red again what we've been interpreted paley assault and so you can see that they're paying us on this area ranges from about three you know 319 feet above sea level up to at least 343 345 and so we're looking at.
barineau_clinton: 20 to 30 feet or so of paley saw it's a very consistent with our interpretations that you can get as much as 10 or more meters of this alias all in different places.
barineau_clinton: So, so that concludes stop stop to and so again i'm happy to take questions before we before we move on to stop three.
barineau_clinton: If you have one feel free to type into the chat or feel free to unmute microphone and ask everybody is a minute or so you don't have any i'm going to turn this back over to Dr Ortega in a second.
barineau_clinton: doesn't sound like there's any so let's let's do you can see some.
barineau_clinton: Questions okay so we're back out we're going to leave stop to.
barineau_clinton: Leave kind of down the main Columbus region and we're going to work, our way back to the east, so we'll.
barineau_clinton: zoom out here let's go going the wrong way.
barineau_clinton: The darn thing in reverse.
barineau_clinton: Alright, so back to our study area, and so we can see our for field trip stops and we're simply going to zoom in here to stop three, which is again back to the east close the box springs Georgia.
barineau_clinton: Really right on.
barineau_clinton: How we 22 coming out of Columbus in our goal in this case, again, is to see I get a very typical outcrop it's not near spectacular is the first couple ones that we've seen.
barineau_clinton: But it does give you a sense of you know what you have to do, working on a project like this because literally we're looking at a hillside like like that, and this is where those shovels come in handy so.
barineau_clinton: So deanna turn this over to you as soon as I can stop sharing.
barineau_clinton: Is all yours.
let's try it again.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, can you hear me.
Can you hear me.
RISE- Audrey Heun GSA: We.
barineau_clinton: Are you you're good yes.
barineau_clinton: I was muted.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I was muted so that's what I have to.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so So yes, I just going to piggyback on what just a clean said, and emphasize on this idea that I show you on amazing spectacular first stop where you can actually.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: trace them they coastal plain and conformity and see this very laterally and also think is postures so then we go to a special number two were claiming was kind of like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: pointed out them yeah, we have to shovel and you have to go and it's very theme outcrop at his his pointed out, what we need to do to for the goals of this project, but it's also give us a sense of like they.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like yes, we have outgrown their limited, but they also like kind of make this a outcrop number one, and for that we're going to see in a second even more spectacular when you get to see this this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: thick as sponsors so just to say as as clean already pointed out, with his portion number three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Here are they the idea is to show you the the regional extent of these costs top lane and conformity, that will not only limited or not only financial on these Columbus.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is phoenix area, but we also extend that to this area number three like between Geneva area and the Columbus region.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And that's also like promising and looking at other areas where we cool maybe by shovel in a little more, we could find.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This contract of the the coastal plain unconformity so so yeah so let's go to this step number three is a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Sure, is top just to show you these contacts that we identified in the area, but they again because they typically how we limited exposure is not as as.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: spectacular as number one and number four we we just I just mentioned, so Okay, so we are from here on the map and step number three and I started number three is.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: on the map, you can see, close up of the same region and is located in the intersection between the highway 80 and the lay field road and these a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: As I said, this approximately 60 kilometres west of Geneva and just for reference, we have a scale of approximately.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A little more than hundred meters and in this area, most of the highway, as pointed out here, we have approximately hundred meters of over a virally.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Poverty sponsored like so you have to find a shovel and we have very faint like less than three meters of total thickness in this area, fortunately right, where we have stopped three we with minimum effort, we can.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: get access to.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A localized exposure of these tuscaloosa formation So here we see right from day number three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Just a shovel for the scale and we see again another contact of these differently technologies so we're we're not, these are the base of this area, and you can actually see it right away like so.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like Shui or like a song very fine grain materials are not a modeling some type of model in there, so no surprise that when you get to disrupt this rocks look like Plato typo so we have this model reddish grey placed on in this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: very, very thin exposure and where we actually see above that is a very consistent where we're seeing in these are there in the other outcomes that Dr Brian I just talked about, and the one that I talked about and stuff one is the orange.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: color like reddish color genetic ratio reach some stones on problematic systems so pretty much similar to what I described in in the STOP one so not this all these a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: gravel size of these, whether by the weather the weather in of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Opportunities so these changes in late ology is where we use a place in this area to define that course top lane and conformity, so we tracing it.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: limited but, again, just to show the distinction that regional distinction of these important surface, in theory, so a week a take a closer look of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: little less let's see where we can see a an enhanced sample so from the unit below so again here just for reference, we are looking at this reddish placed on model.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: rainstorm we get to see some of the pathogenic pedagogical features that we use to interpret this as a as a policy like these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: very nice preservation of these read I don't reach bloodless notice over here and over here and other areas, another tiny one here.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And, and as well as if you go in in a higher resolution and look under the microscope you can also get to see these I don't reach structures.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is smaller in size and something that we identify us again Ruth Ruth like a traces not isn't here pointed out with these blue.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Areas so here the key part and, as I said, the mythologies is timing when these are rude the structures and happen.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: There certainly found only are limited to these lower unit, we don't find that a ball of these and the Indies Detroit on unix.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Above the contact so that diversity is on so an idea about the time of information, however, we know that modern routes can go inside of this works so so one of the ideas that we've seen to rule out that modern.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: route a structure there and that they are actually more force you.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like resonates is that they are these root structures and seem to be associated with these I don't reach area, so you get to see some dreams forming alone, the size of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: races so and they some of them are cut through an older side inside of these Buddhist structure so that help us, at least in these ongoing.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Research that that they they may be sentimental Ruth structures but, again, more more work needs to be done to allow them to be to make.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sure about the time and where we see above we go again as a reference, we see what then they tried all units a ball, the contact here is our photo micro graph of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Of course, looks beautiful and bias I love these rocks but you get to see some of these a course.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Mostly course, and so one of our fellow associates on heavies are so heavy and minerals.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And surrounding the grains a common as talk to brain or just pointed out, common within the tuscaloosa information they call in ethic whitish color.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And so, random day course invading the course Greens so, so this is a very typical little ology that we expect within the tuscaloosa formation that right off the sandstone.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: moderately well sorted so that's kind of where we see within these unit very quick.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Exposure but good for add to the regional listings you know these coastal plain unconformity tracing this surface in the in the region in.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The in the yep.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So if we have questions we have plenty of time to talk about a piece and and yeah like just for reference us in the step one if you want to go to look at these more details on this is top three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Go to today minus creative being patient 20 and 21.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: that's all for this.
Is.
barineau_clinton: So, again feel free to to type questions in the chat feel free to unmute your microphone and ask any questions.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: don't see any questions.
barineau_clinton: i'm going to ask you a question that is the conversation, you and I already had before, but I think really.
barineau_clinton: Considering these things, and this particular outcrop that really.
barineau_clinton: solidified in my mind the the idea that we're looking at a Paleo soul and therefore and and that that is an ancient soil that we're not looking at modern soils and because one of my.
barineau_clinton: Fundamental questions in all of this was how are we going to be able to tell the difference between.
barineau_clinton: Modern soul, for me, processes and these cretaceous processes, because you know in identifying where the coastal plain unconformity sits.
barineau_clinton: We are using these these paley assault as basically markers right there are marker horizon for us, and I think this particular outcrop you and I had a long conversation and.
barineau_clinton: I you know I think I think a lot of people be interested in that the answer you gave me why is it when you look at that particular outcrop and look at what's underneath it because the the the the title tuscaloosa above that location.
barineau_clinton: You know, actually has some modeling in it right, and so you know how can, what is it that convinced you at that outcrop that we yeah that's that's the cretaceous processes not not a modern one.
barineau_clinton: And I realize i'm putting you on the spot.
barineau_clinton: You probably remember that conversation.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I think I think that is here, we.
Like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: We have to celebrate every time that we find an outgrowth that would you can please get to get some of the details of this Oscar loser this this rocks so even, even if this as much.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Exposure as the city mythologies, of course, I would like to see the lateral exposure and probably the more digging and trying to trace them laterally and so under like, as we saw in in step one but, considering that we have only these our group and we have to.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: do the best we can, with what we have my approach to these are our group is mostly of why i'm saying that is limited to what is today.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: surface that is underneath So why is i'm not seeing some of these features on the trial, so I think that what I was trying to point out during my presentation and during the talk.
Show yeah.
barineau_clinton: yeah and that and that's the point that that I think you made to me, is when I was looking at that modeling in the title units, you know my My first reaction was.
barineau_clinton: You know how can you how can you tell that this is not modern saw process, how can you identify the ancient and again convincing me look there's a fundamental difference.
barineau_clinton: In the actual characteristics of the clay rich units below that a trial units.
barineau_clinton: That is that is not the same as what we're seeing the overlying to travel units, in other words they've been affected by two different processes and that at that day it was at that outcrop right you convinced me yep you're yeah, this is a Paleo assault.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I think that also is important to think that, like you, like the first thing is that everything is constrained to the unit.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: To the surface, like below the surface, even if you're seeing some modeling all that the plasticity of the clay, the model in bigger.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: numbers is underneath that you've limited to them, and I also will say that when, in a in a modern soil, you will respect to see more of the organics.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: More of the like a root structure is going through like in Georgia in Alabama area we don't get really get to see that a humorous or the horizon, a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: There will be less back in these areas we get to see only the horizon, be or their area would you more of the accumulating these items which regions so that I think that what is important here is is a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The presence of the alteration of the basement rocks like so one of the grains that are present.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And they the traceability of the boundary the location of a word you've seen it so, so I think that US and somebody is writing awesome.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, so I think that does the absence of these horizons of the typical more modern.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: That you will respect deletion through like washing we don't get to see that here in any of the location, including this step three even in the limited extent, so, is it looks more of a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: weather of the Rock there than a soil or like a full co presenter modernism so modern from India all expect to see more like isolated a grains not just.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: As as as we've seen in this one so campaign modern with the bad timing again sacramento just fatigue refer here talking timing is a big war and and it's always going to be.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Important of how you put it in the context of the region, we expect this post up playing unconformity here is not.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: When you trace it through the whole area through the northern part of Virginia and we expect to see these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A full line there and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This, this is not.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I guess I getting off a little bit on the question of the fees disorder now, but I think that this is there.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The regional context we have and the constraint of the on the surface.
barineau_clinton: Thank you, so we have question in the chat.
barineau_clinton: So, what is your modern be horizon look like when it's developed above the sea horizon composed of the K Paleo assault.
barineau_clinton: Also at we looked at the NRC a soul maps for insight families be fairly helpful, so I will say I cannot answer that question, but perhaps deanna if you've thought about that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And I, I think that I point out a little bit here that be, is there were you accumulate mostly or so like what you will expect to see more of these lesion and all these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like they I don't reach areas so in the sea horizon, my understanding is that you get maybe you get to see more of the pattern rock still.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like whether it's still solid or preservation so so you get to see more of the class of the pattern rock and then sewn.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: weather and surrounding the grains, whereas in be in this in this area will be that is there, that is, is what I think that we're seeing in this in this policy.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is these all these listen all these accumulation of iron manganese and all their all their rock kind of already transform into hardly get to see.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The pattern or the basement rocks like the poor side on the Nice on all these a pattern rocks you don't really get to see it in this be.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: horizon and as what I think we have.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: That that's my.
mark carter: yeah well, let me just follow up on that a little bit you know if you have your Paleo phone as your as your see horizon it's going to develop a be horizon above it that's that's the modern soil that's the Holocene soil.
mark carter: And kind of tease and out the characteristics of what that modern soil looks like, as it has been derived from that key horizon, the old Paleo soul.
mark carter: You know kind of can give you some some good insight if you're just walking around with an order you know your order down get below the horizon, get down into the be.
mark carter: Identifying this, this is my Paleo horizon or my Paleo saw or This is something that's higher in the tuscaloosa This is just part of the sand.
mark carter: Section the crawl space and section or actual bedrock once you get on the other side of the phone line you get down into that safra line.
mark carter: So it's just one thing up here that we kind of have to get our eyes attune to I guess is to all right, what does this know you can identify the old K Paleo soul, but what is it look like once it.
mark carter: starts rotting idea what's in starts turning into our modern Holocene soil.
mark carter: And for the NRC so they looked at some of that you can you can glean a little bit of information from the you know soul scientist look at.
mark carter: geology completely different than us, for the most part, but there are a lot in their descriptions of the soils both be but be arise and and the sea parent material.
mark carter: That you can glean some pretty good information so when you don't have those outcrops where you left your auger back at the truck and you know halfway up the road or something you know you can kind of just look with your chevrolet and okay.
mark carter: um I recognize what the ID or CS saw here on their soil maps and I can identify this and.
That.
yeah yeah.
yeah.
barineau_clinton: i'll just say Mike I won't even pretend.
barineau_clinton: That I know enough about soils to provide any insights into that question whatsoever.
barineau_clinton: Always.
barineau_clinton: take on these things.
mark carter: Euro euro mapper.
mark carter: that's got to use everything at your disposal, and also say I like your outcrops down there.
mark carter: Your outcrops look the same as mine, our crops up here and now you got to start, you have to have to hammer whoops one for your rock hammer and one for your shovel on the US.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Right.
barineau_clinton: that's exactly right.
barineau_clinton: Any other questions.
barineau_clinton: whatsoever up there's no.
barineau_clinton: hey Tom go ahead hey.
TOM HANLEY: I have to say my eyes have been open, so what.
TOM HANLEY: What I was working here I be working in the crystal rocks hammer in hand and interested manly affiliations and limitations and.
TOM HANLEY: And that's where the thing with ology and then i'd move up into the satellite with a beautiful many times 10 1520 feet of really well developed satellite with beautiful structures of it.
TOM HANLEY: work out the mineralogy old structures that run into this reddish orange stuff On top of that, and I couldn't measure much in it, so I kind of dismissed it.
TOM HANLEY: And I was very.
TOM HANLEY: skeptical of putting the unconformity somewhere above where I could recognize real satellite.
TOM HANLEY: But I can see what you're doing now with that read a chart because that reddish orange stuff with the.
TOM HANLEY: root Castle root structures and that's where thing the globules and things I could see them, and now I can see where you're making that as actually whether Piedmont.
TOM HANLEY: and putting the contact above that, whether it be mind, even if I can't recognize full nations lenny Asians and original mineralogy so that's good.
barineau_clinton: it's been a fascinating project if you told me 20 years ago i'd be working in the coastal point I told you you're crazy.
barineau_clinton: But like I said when I when I fell down this rabbit hole it really became more more interesting and the thing that was fascinating to me.
barineau_clinton: was again the ability to recognize you could actually see the relief on the unconformity and Tom you know i've been to some outcrops here in Columbus where.
barineau_clinton: You can see localized relief there's a couple of great one great outcrop here in Columbus where you literally can walk about you know 100 hundred 50 feet and you can go what's clearly across a valley.
barineau_clinton: And you can walk horizontally right you're not even really going up or down you're walking horizontally from coastal plain from tuscaloosa into basement in both directions.
barineau_clinton: To seeing those localized valleys was really fascinating, but when I realized that that they're not just flat, you know small channels on a relatively flat surface there actually are some major there's major topography on that surface that's really what what drove me into this.
barineau_clinton: And again, I was, I was grateful that I could drag that Ortega with me into this.
mark carter: what's your maximum really that you're finding on that.
barineau_clinton: We are so so actually will will will talk about this later i'm going to just look real quick at a slide that I have it looks like.
barineau_clinton: You know we're seeing in a lot of these channels.
barineau_clinton: 25 to 50 meters of relief over distances of about three kilometers and we found what we think are reasonably good modern analogs for that and we're actually going to show some of those when we get down to the cover the end of this summary.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: and
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Does over there, like a 25 to 50 meters on the region, but in the outcome of that we're going to discuss in a stop for the last one we get to see in the in the in the area, we can trace the coastal unconformity 455 over five meters of relief relief.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So I believe Andrew has a question you want to unmute yourself and you.
Rindsberg, Andrew: hi.
Rindsberg, Andrew: it's been a long time, but I did go to the University of Georgia in the 70s and had, of course, in SAP map safra light mapping under vermin be cursed Vernon hearst sorry and no i'm not sorry I sleep.
barineau_clinton: very lucky.
Rindsberg, Andrew: um it was a great course I learned so much we be worked as hard, we had to go out and map a large area of of the Piedmont countryside, based on the SAP map and a lot of it, we had to map, while the car was was driving.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Because he said, you could map at at 30 miles an hour Okay, by looking at them, the micro flakes glowing and other side that kind of thing and the darndest thing is he was right.
Rindsberg, Andrew: One of the insights that I gained from that was a question I asked well where's the horizon.
Rindsberg, Andrew: We didn't have any in Clark county Georgia because of farming practices of the 19th and early 20th centuries it's gone it's eroded away it's in the Gulf of Mexico or or the Atlantic Ocean today.
Rindsberg, Andrew: And or clogging the savannah river yeah.
Rindsberg, Andrew: So i'm not surprised that you don't have any a horizon in your outcrops.
Rindsberg, Andrew: And that and that you're you don't have much of the zone of leaching either it doesn't apparently does not take very long period of time to reduce it nothing and there's unpublished work by James lamb of the black belt museum here in livingston Alabama.
Rindsberg, Andrew: He did not finish his dissertation but he worked on.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Late cretaceous Paleo environments, with regard to dinosaur ecology and concluded that this was a hurry in the hurricane belt.
Rindsberg, Andrew: But it was also very fire prone but he found a lot of charcoal and identified a lot of the species in that charcoal and you might want to ask him about that to corroborate this if there's a lot of fire there must have been a lot of erosion.
barineau_clinton: You know i'm sure.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Well, thank you i've been thoroughly and enjoying this virtual field trips.
barineau_clinton: Well, thank you for joining us, and thank you for the questions that's yeah that's an interesting idea but but you're right you're you know.
barineau_clinton: we've certainly seen the modern violent burn everything down and it's pretty easy to follow that will erosion, especially in a wet environment and it's and it's pretty clear from what we and others have done here.
barineau_clinton: Trying to recognize preserved a horizon the soils, I mean I haven't seen anything and I don't know if deanna has or not, but i've not seen an outcry, where I thought okay boy we're like we're getting up into you know something looks like topsoil so yeah clearly is the first step to go.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I just want to add to that that is not an assigned common to like their areas that not in the modern, but also in the fossil record like not only crustaceans, but in other sort of horizons like tertiary.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: That only they be horizon is this one or this dmv here, I assume, is the one that is preserved that never like in the modern unseen also that the a horizon never get to.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: develop I can never was like a really is so thin that is so easy to add all the way.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And it's not so much of organics or or routes to attach it to that you only get to see the be horizon, so do you see it in the modern our names on and since on modern in South America in a sauna Holocene so information that you don't get to see that hey john I get to say to be is no.
mark carter: that's a good point that you just made right there i've seen these old be horizon Paleo souls, all the way up to the missing.
mark carter: In the base of some of our terraces up here some of our minds, indeed and pliocene terraces have these reticulated model.
mark carter: tiger stripe.
mark carter: And, in some cases actual good glenfiddich.
mark carter: Like textures and fabrics.
mark carter: To be very young so it's just not it's just not a cretaceous issue here, so it goes up.
mark carter: At least to the missing when you get into the pliocene and then certainly by the pleistocene that all bets are off.
mark carter: But it's a it's a phenomenon that we see well up in the in the photographic our.
barineau_clinton: Any other questions.
barineau_clinton: will tell you what we're approaching our break we'll just go ahead and take a little bit early will take 15 minutes and.
barineau_clinton: i'm sure i'm going to step away for a second or taking maybe do the same and some of you may do the same, but we'll we'll reconvene at.
barineau_clinton: At let's say 125 Eastern time 1225 central and we'll go through our last block we've got one more field trip stop to do against another spectacular exposure and then we'll kind of summarize everything and be glad to answer any questions.
barineau_clinton: So see everybody in 15.
barineau_clinton: All right, well welcome back everybody, so this will be our last block and so please.
barineau_clinton: share your.
barineau_clinton: screen.
barineau_clinton: Okay.
barineau_clinton: So hopefully everybody can see our.
barineau_clinton: See Google Earth.
barineau_clinton: But if not somebody let me know.
barineau_clinton: So we'll.
barineau_clinton: we'll jump back out here.
barineau_clinton: put everything back into perspective again.
barineau_clinton: So here we are kind of the eastern edge of the study area and so we're going to move now over to the for western edge of the study area.
barineau_clinton: And so we're going to go.
barineau_clinton: And visit again second really amazing outcrop of the coastal point of conformity and again, only one of a handful of places where you can literally put your finger on it.
barineau_clinton: So this is West southwest of Orinoco OPA like on us highway 49 and you can actually see in the aerial photograph they're.
barineau_clinton: kind of a series of cliff cliff light exposures, we often refer to it as the cliffs.
barineau_clinton: And so, from the from the highway you can kind of see back through the trees.
barineau_clinton: At these outcrops that are exposed, and so again i'm going to turn this over to Dr Ortega she and her students have done a good bit of work here on this outcrop in terms of creating photographic columns or whatnot and we've collectively spent a lot of time on it so.
barineau_clinton: it's all yours.
Can you see my screen.
barineau_clinton: Yes, Okay, and you can hear me yes.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so last stop just as Dr rhino pointed out beautiful exposure here, and after we took you to stop three, I think that these even make it more.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: amazing so so that was also our intention here to show you like, very theme note the lateral extensive exposure to then bring you to this stop for so as we just saw in the Google Earth.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: tour, we are with of our point of reference, over and over here and we are in the tallahassee area, so our last stop is actually not.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Not pesticides Oh yes, now our last stop is not actually one stop where they is made of several stops like we have because the nature of this exposure, we have lateral traceability here you.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Think exposures and as clean just pointed out, we have a cleave like exposure so For those of you that are familiar with the Providence Canyon.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: area in Georgia, the little grand Canyon it when I came for some here, it reminds me to the that exposure in Georgia so it's beautiful exposure and even more beautiful is being able to trace this course top lane and conformity and a recognized as as we do this, as we were doing this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: detailed description and tracing the surface and looking at the rocks above and below and not dissing is localized relief in the area and also, as we were describing so let's read the graphic sections in these areas, well, not the same that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: was very similar to what we observed in in in this top one, the other is spectacular.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: exposure for the for the cost of lane and conformity, but in this area, we also not these that under the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Day this, so no day the soil or the palace of horizons, we found so on, so the trial unit so on sandstone so that also adds to the interpretation here that i'm going to talk about in a second.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, as we just saw in the in the Google earth this location, this is the outcrops of stuff for are located in along these high Alabama highway 49 near the intersection with these bleeding drive.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Approximately five kilometers north of Franklin in Alabama so let's look at this out groups and just for reference again we have over 130 meters of scam.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so and we also not is that is this area over if you see here notice to the right and the bottom is being sown worrying taking place in in the area.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Nothing on this tuscaloosa formation units okay so just again to give you a look, it will be, of course, better if we could just drive partner, where cares here and then just hit the rocks.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And and being there but we're trying to bring that data word and short walks through this and this field trip so just to show here at London highway 49.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: That rocks are they look like back there and then, when you get closer to the rocks to get to see these continuous exposure for over 150 meters of these old grade to do is to do field work in this area and also with minimum effort you get to scrape these rocks and expose these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Wonderful roxanne and all the vibrant colors common in these in these Georgia and Alabama area.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So just talking about vibrant colors we get to see these red and orange and yellow so beautiful to trace the geology but also for your eyes.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So, right here, we also, as I said, measure several is that the graphic sections and we describe the the rocks, not only in the sweaty graphic position but also how they.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Were trays laterally so trying to follow these contact along so here is one of these are the graphic sections that we measure and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And this area and not this again not surprising, just very similar as in stop one we get to see these reddish model reddish purple clay at.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The base of the order units like around two meters and that respect also like the rest of these covert we found out is it continuous be part of that clay placed on.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And so that model read portable place on and in the unit above overhear them in these in the section three to four meters or the number three and four so over around one and a half meters.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And these area, because in other sections, it continues and up to the top is this tuscaloosa information you get to see these that dried up.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: sand stones and a lot of common across bedding, just as we saw in step one, and this common yellow and orange color is the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Typical a composition of the of these tuscaloosa formation of the towel integration carbonite derived from weathering of Moscow bide and and fails for mainly so these a little is just and as we describe it in a step one.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: allows or help us to place these at the this contact on these on the coastal unconformity but, before getting into the contact, I should mention that, as in step one we also found these class large size.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Within these mostly sandstone units this classmate of the place stone and surrounded by these cross like Center of isolates us as clean also pointed out before so that's important again for the interpretation and the traceability of these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: hosts toggling conformity, I also want to point out here that and the intention of showing this image is to show this localized relief in the area, so in some regions and i'm going to show you in the next slide.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: we'll get to see in some reading scenarios on these exposures we get to see a very sharp contact like very flat, but as you move around the area, you get to see this localized relief justice we.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: can trace it on these areas and also, as we move along these hundred 50 meters of exposures.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: We get to see a drop on this coastal plain unconformity for at least five meters but we're going to talk a little more in detail in the next slides so if we look.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: At a close up of these rocks and these contacts, this is what i'm talking about this, not this this char contact on the left a photo that put these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: differentiate these two little pages, the modeling reddish placed on and the deck tried all the sandstorms have a task database or tuscaloosa information as we notice here and we can even get to see a little on these areas of the low angle throw off crossfit him and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: just going to mark, I believe I have it, yes, so we can see this church contact on also on this image to the right we get to see again the red clay stones and their need and they.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: They tried out a units of the tuscaloosa formation and just because we are not there in the rocks like cool not.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: ignore this beautiful cross bedding and also to not is it a part of these postcards information and the large like you can see, when I pointed in the mouse the mouse you get to see the large a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: gravel and pebble size of these of course part of these units, so you get to see these leaders within the tuscaloosa formation of being.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: course or grain and then all the horizons that are conglomerate Arctic in nature and then back to so you get to see kind of a title of intervals of simplicity within these mostly sandstone units.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So just to point out is prospecting and how we can see the prevalent directions on then to to help us with a positional environment interpretations.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so in terms of the East coast top lane unconformity is, as I said, this is an amazing set of exposure to the exposures that we can.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Just three is laterally these these exposure, so I just want to point out like with the mouse, and with this go sorry going back and forth just to point out where we please that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Where we blazed a costco plane and conformity.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: With the in contact with this sentence above and the paralysis, like the color sometimes help, but you really need to get closer to the rocks to try to trace the place that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Possibly into conformity and as we move from this region again these we get to seize on a notion, and some relief along the this chart contact.
So.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This is the things that I want to point out in this area, so these a coastal plain unconformity we can trace it for at least 15 meters from north to south in visa and on these exposures and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: In detail, a study of tracing these and looking at the one where they units were above and below we over 150 meters of his Porsche we get to see at least five meters of total relief only on these on these are local relief.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: alone this cost of Labor conformity so in our this is kind of the the location of the northern side of this exposure if we now move south.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: We get to see all that type of a little arrangement of this photography in the area, so but you're not this on these a outcrop from on this photo from the outcrop is we have sown.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Little nudges and here like sand stones and then the in between the sandstone and sandstorms on the top we get to see some.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: layer or a unit a theme unit of these ready red clay systems, so we also measure sections in this in this area and just gonna show here to to the left.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And we're going to take a look of disgust discuss here from the base to the top of one where our findings here so at the base.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: As I said, we have these car limited a clean sandstone with sewn a heavy metals represented here on this graphic section.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: At the bottom here with these black lines and you cannot get to see them on on these where my mouse is pointed so you get to see our.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Well sorted actually sandstone and in that very sharp contact with these changing little ology to are placed on with song class, as we see here on the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: graphic section within the horizon and you get to even see so on point earlier on, there and then select the graphic section, but you get to see so on lighter color yellowish and time callers and lenses of sun within these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A clay this placed on horizon so so that's going to be important in a second when I when we discuss about the environment of the position where we interpret in this area.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: and on top so we're talking about the quest on, and on top of this we have another sharp contact and then mostly sandstone so again, this is just.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Right above that contact, we were seeing these mostly sandstone buddy the stains to higher up up to the top.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And we're continuously in these different layers or horizons of cross Bennett sandstone and you will also get to see some of these lenses not is here pointer everything with the mouse you get to see this read a placed on a lenses following some of the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: directions of the cross bedding with mbas San horizons and we also get to see a beautiful cross pairing over here close up of these emergencies in the paper and we get to see these cross between a lot of our call tonight typical of this tuscaloosa permission.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Okay, so this is the sandstone and I also want to bring your attention to these a area that I highlight with a dash white lines where we get to see these red.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: cloud class so one of them around there, most of them are angular in in shape and they are all others, the different sizes, large and small sizes of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: William these horizon so here is just a close up of the same area and we get to see these different class, so we.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: describe it and seeing in the context in the in the area we described this as being just reward from the from the place and our workplace.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: or where we interpret and he had worked at Palace or in the region, so what we see here and what is interesting is the fact that we have this theme.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Soil or palio so here I soon as we interpreted, based on the same characteristics that we identified in step one they grew the structures and.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: They come on and finding of these levels and and so on, what we identified here that the fact that we have the sun stones and their needs and I pointed out with the mouse, the President of the sandstone.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: In the lower elevation underneath these horizon is a we interfere, is indicative of what we think is a localized pollution.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And the fact finding these placed on weeds on the class and so on layers in within these horizon is that we interpret with a mostly dominated sandstone unit is where we interpreted as either transported or the work at poly souls, or even.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: floodplain deposits of our jonker.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Reverse system.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: are both way above or no way above but I bought this the cost of lean unconformity so i'm going to explain it in a model, a working model that we have, and you can and see what more details about what i'm talking about here.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So what we have in our model.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is it we're not this again just for reference, we have here the Alabama highway 49 on the on the right on this image from Google we measured.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: At least seven misanthropic sections, but i'm pointed out at three here, so we have the first one that sort of exception.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: We call them the cliffs is that the graphic section two one is that the graphic section three here in the in the beach so we're moving from north to south.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So just again here on the left, we have, that is what the graphic section one in the middle, section two and this section three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So they one if we go with the first one that I showed that we have.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: localized relief and as we move from that area to to our section to we get at least five meters of relief so where we identify when that is with the graphic section is a day tuscaloosa.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: formation, the police, all and we can see in the picture and approximately based on the GPS location of the contact of the cost of blaine unconformity 125 meters above sea level and above these like you described as well, they tried all those colors of automation on top.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: As we move from a decent organic section towards the graphic section two and a what I just discussed in the previous slide and finding the substance underneath.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Is what we interpret as.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This and the fact that we know that they in these these a cost of clinical pharmacy have a relief along the way, is where we ended.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: is why we interpreted as a going under need in a lower elevation and that these tuscaloosa formation that we're seeing the place down later so we're seeing in between these mostly sandstone deposits are younger.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: floodplains are policies and not the cost of clinical pharmacy and why also what all the control, we have here is we go south to sweat the graphic section three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: very similar to where we see in step three is is a reasonable surface there where we have the tuscaloosa formation policy in contact with the the title sentence and that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: place the coastal plain and conformity alone approximately hundred 70 meters above sea level, so we have a drop of at least eight eight meters here from one side.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: To the other and so that's that's kind of where we have here in terms of a traceability of these costs are playing unconformity and and using the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The our crops or the data that we have in the region, something that I want to point out, is this is, as I I have it here, or we have here is a working model we.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: want to continue doing more field work in their area and begin doing more digging and more like or to actually test.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: These the continuation of these tuscaloosa sandstone on how far we get into the into the area, and if we indeed going to find this tuscaloosa formation policy so underneath this.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Section two and something else that we want to that we is part of working hypothesis here is the say that, like the game is going to take a lot of digging and shoveling and that's a very ambitious project in this case because we're playing was mentioned it in the Columbus if they.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: When they were building the it at the universe Columbus State University like finding these hot rocks and the the nature of these rocks makes it harder to dig.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Deep and to get a good core record here, but to actually test this idea that the police or get in contact right away with their basement rocks they appalachian.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: pittman basement rocks so so This again is a is a working model and is at least make sense in when you look at the exposures in over 150 meters of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: These along the highway.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: And I believe that's all that I have yes.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: So if you have any questions and we want to discuss we less now and I just want to again for reference they stop for patients 21 or 24.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: that's it for me Okay, and a claim, if you want to add on basis.
barineau_clinton: No.
barineau_clinton: No that's.
barineau_clinton: that's you you you've done the most of the work on outcrop so that's your baby.
barineau_clinton: Not much I can add to it, except to say that I agree with you.
barineau_clinton: In the idea of the working model because that that isn't actually important.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: To this.
barineau_clinton: Because when we when we first arrived at outcrop we we started at the upper section of it realized pretty quick that it was like a classic and amazing exposure of the coastal plan of conformity.
barineau_clinton: And while the on and a couple of students were working on top I started wandering down the outcrop and I started going to lower lower levels and also now is picking up the title units again, and so I went and and.
barineau_clinton: and convince down to come down and take a look at with me and we started debating okay well.
barineau_clinton: Can you know how comfortable are we with the idea that the upper part of the outcrop is actually the unconformity or could it be something much higher in the section, could we be looking at really a thick clay.
barineau_clinton: clay layer higher in the tuscaloosa so we debated that for a while and obviously it's going to take some more work to do it.
barineau_clinton: But the more we discussed it, the more comfortable I became with the idea that we're probably seeing some very localized relief it's not the first place we've seen that.
barineau_clinton: it's not it's not surprising that we're basically walking off into a Paleo channel, as you move from the higher levels that outcrop down into the lower levels.
barineau_clinton: In fact, the fact that the boundary between is actually what's controlling that because the sands are quite easy to a road and carry away.
barineau_clinton: And it's really just the clay's are holding everything up so once the clay's start dropping the lower lower shredder graphic levels.
barineau_clinton: Your typography is actually dropping the lower and lower strata graphic levels, and I think we see that on a number of places.
barineau_clinton: The very first outcrop has a very similar structure and you don't see it when you're walking along the outcrop but if you're moving away from the outcrop.
barineau_clinton: South from it, I think you see that that same basic relationship you Paleo is all itself starts to fall off in elevation and if it had been preserved, you would be standing in probably more to try to portions of the tuscaloosa so.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: yeah I just want to add that the.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: That thickness here is very key to like this is like this value so like we are marking are using us.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: to trace the cost of blaine and conformity in these two areas are over one meter like almost two meters of.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: tracing like you can really get to measure, whereas the ones that are above and it's not uncommon but within the tuscaloosa formation, as I mentioned.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: You get to see this kind of cyclists if they like coarser grains and then these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Of course sign stones programmatic sentence and then you get to see these values was like a floodplain deposit so that's that's not uncommon within the tuscaloosa formation and, in fact, we also find.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: These type of exposure in in step one we because of time we can mention there, but in the upper part of that is photographing we also find some soil like more.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: In horizon that we were able to trace through but but we're not placing the course of blame and confirm it be up there, because this is not is that the relationships of this photography so it's more to the lower bar near the basement and because the thickness of these policies.
barineau_clinton: So we're happy to take questions on this stop.
barineau_clinton: I think I had one that came in earlier in from work quarter, who had to step out, but he he asked a question and i'll pose it let's see.
barineau_clinton: we're going to go has any consideration been given to applying cosmic genetic isotope burial dating to the Paleo saw contacts would not show much if it was beyond 5 billion years old, but help reinforce your interpretations cretaceous, and so I simply noted.
barineau_clinton: That.
barineau_clinton: You know that would be a really great idea.
barineau_clinton: We most of everything we've done so far is a combination of field mapping.
barineau_clinton: mapping data that are collected that others have collected, and that is that is deanna joined the project.
barineau_clinton: Some graduate students that we were working with also gathered and we gather on the field.
barineau_clinton: Coupled with a lot of a lot of strata graphic measured sections that D, on her students have done, but really haven't had the opportunity, yet to dive into you know what other geochemical techniques can we bring to bear on this, and so I think that's a that's a great one down.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Yes, absolutely like that's that's one of the key issues and, again, as I pointed out at setting mythologies is looking over here like timing is a big part of like when these.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: policies were formed So yes, big part like we would like to do data in on these and also like to recreate the same geochemical as clean just mentioned a.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Sixth grader at didn't in the other areas, one in Columbus but also in the Montgomery area so on these policies like to to get to the down to the what type of placed on we're talking about, because this of course is is we are like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: describe it as I placed on, but what type of like if he saw a light or he presents mcknight or like what type of colon a that compensation hundred percent or.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: With a mix of them, so that is so important to help us to the two to get to that a positional environment and the conditions like what was how was the climate on days like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Based on the paler latitude of this area we is a tropical humid environment, but we need to do this, your chemical analysis and placements are always challenging in that sense that we have to go to very high.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like microscopy high high tech microscopy to to to really understand, like the chemical composition elemental composition of them so So yes, that's that's in the in the books.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The work.
barineau_clinton: We do have one question and i'm going to politely defer to it if if the the person asking will allow me, and that is basically on this, the the framework of this virtual field trip and, if you will allow me to defer that question to the very end.
barineau_clinton: i'm curious to hear from the group, you know how how this went on, specifically because I have a second field trip to do on Saturday, so I want to know what worked and didn't.
barineau_clinton: But anyhow, so if you don't mind i'm gonna i'm gonna pause on that one for a second we do after we're done asking doing Q amp a here, we will do just to summarize and and kind of literally know where we're at on that.
barineau_clinton: So let's see I know we had another question here, have you thought of trying to incorporate drilling log description from wells to the cretaceous own lab to the South in the fall one.
barineau_clinton: Maybe you can trace the Paleo Valley, to the south and make a larger scale map that typography that would be very interesting, so I can, I can say this, I had a chance to go down southern company was doing some work.
barineau_clinton: south of Columbus.
barineau_clinton: In in preparation for but potential power plant project down there and had a chance to look at their core in the area, so I do actually have some constraints south of it.
barineau_clinton: and know that there's a lot, there is some published data from deep usgs wells and other wells, one of the things I started to do in this area and have just so limited data.
barineau_clinton: Is it turns out that both different counties in Georgia and Alabama have largely published.
barineau_clinton: In some cases, put their driller logs online i've been able to go in some areas and use subsurface constraints, at least in shallow water wells close to the unconformity.
barineau_clinton: But yeah I am really curious to see what some of those down dip sections look like and some of those really deep wells I don't know that we have the spacing on them to give us the ability to really say a whole lot.
barineau_clinton: But there's enough work has been done on the Gulf trough and you know swanee straits, and things like that that think that that will.
barineau_clinton: is an important part to add to this and that is something that the on our are actually working right now on incorporating into the next draft of this of this research project so.
barineau_clinton: Do you want to add anything.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: No, no, I just I think of you, as you said it all, I think that it's important for the regional the scope of these, and then to see the 3D and how they stand in the subsurface it's very important to incorporate the roadblocks.
barineau_clinton: Any questions on on this for stop on this last outcrop.
barineau_clinton: This might know the Alabama geological survey has lots of drill logs on their website and we can purchase so.
barineau_clinton: And if I missed a question in the chat please, please pointed out.
barineau_clinton: Right so yeah, we know that that we can we can actually go up and photocopy them so that's good.
barineau_clinton: Well, for no questions i'm outcrop for we're going to just kind of summarize the the field trip and take general questions and really talk about where we're at right now with all this this data and so i'm going to share.
barineau_clinton: My screen.
barineau_clinton: One more time see if I can do that.
Right.
barineau_clinton: Okay So hopefully everybody can see.
barineau_clinton: My shared screen somewhere in questions and so i'm just going to kind of summarize what we know so far and then what we think we can extrapolate and so.
barineau_clinton: That that you've seen so far is based on 1000 stations stretching from basically Geneva Georgia over the way over to the Tennessee Alabama.
barineau_clinton: there's actually more stations than what's actually shown on this map and they're also previously published geologic maps that have allowed us.
barineau_clinton: To do, in most cases, what we feel like is is pretty good constraints on the location of the fall line, and therefore the location of the coastal plain and conformity.
barineau_clinton: Obviously, our data set is data set is most robust in the Columbus region because that's where you know people have been working at.
barineau_clinton: The data that i've had access to, but we certainly have been adding to it, you know West, so the Alabama Georgia state line so so using that information.
barineau_clinton: We feel like we have pretty a control of the coastal plain unconformity over much of the study area and so using that we've we basically contoured.
barineau_clinton: That conformity and it it suggest, at least at this point that we have a series of kind of clustered Paleo valleys here right in western Georgia on the Alabama Georgia state line.
barineau_clinton: Those valleys become basically non existent or slightly subdued as you move East and so part of our next part of this project will be to move East along the fall on headed towards making.
barineau_clinton: As we move West we see maybe the presence of some subdued Paleo valleys, as we approach the auburn over like a region.
barineau_clinton: And then we're really curious to see what will happen when we when we move between to lassie and Marie and we have some hints there that maybe we're seeing another Paleo valley in that region.
barineau_clinton: One of the things we we did when we first start identifying these is we wanted to see if they were consistent with what we knew about the the location of Georgia and the southeastern us in the cretaceous, and so we started looking at Okay, where can we find a nice passive margin.
barineau_clinton: Roughly in the same latitude that Paleo GA would have been.
barineau_clinton: We need some some relatively proximal Highlands because we we suspect in the cretaceous that we were deriving materials from the pine mountain belt based on delivery of the presence of.
barineau_clinton: of you know pebble cobble size, a court site class coming down which appear to be derived from the pine mountain belt to the north, and so we we looked at a lot of areas but mostly on the east coast of Africa, he said he goes to Brazil, we use this as an analog.
barineau_clinton: Although there are others that we could use, but these are braided stream systems coming off of the Brazilian Highlands in in kind of southern Brazil headed out to the Atlantic, we know, then lake cretaceous the coastline was relatively close just south of Columbus.
barineau_clinton: And so we were able to take some of those as kind of good modern what we think are relatively modern analogs.
barineau_clinton: And so, one of the things that my my former graduate student Dana black did was take that and we compared.
barineau_clinton: Our coastal plain Paleo channels which is here in the dots, this is a longitudinal section down one of those failure channels.
barineau_clinton: Because he compares very favorable with down section longitudinal sections of the three river systems that we use as analogs we also did a number of cross section of.
barineau_clinton: Cross valley sections again the the paint payload channels we're looking at or have this little circle pattern and notice they're very comparable.
barineau_clinton: These are, these are in each case, we chose a width of three kilometers so we went to places where the value is roughly three kilometers wide and did.
barineau_clinton: Cross sections to it, and this is one of those examples of comparing, and so they do appear to be at least somewhat favorable in terms of being comparable to two areas we consider to be modern analogs.
barineau_clinton: And so, with that in mind, I mean we feel like this is a reasonably good approximation of the you know of contours on that buried surface.
barineau_clinton: And what was really interesting here and what stuck out to me when we first did this work was that they do seem to be roughly in proximity to the modern chattahoochee river.
barineau_clinton: Now, as I when I raised that question, of course, the first question that we should always have is is that a coincidence, and so bill frazier and I had long conversations about this is a coincidence.
barineau_clinton: And we realized pretty quick that we were going to need to move on west of the chattahoochee river.
barineau_clinton: You know into Alabama to really answer that question, and obviously further east and the GA to see whether we would just.
barineau_clinton: We happen to be in an area where there was lots and lots of failure valleys coming down off the coastline, and this would just by coincidence, happened to be one.
barineau_clinton: And of course it's next to that chattahoochee because they're ever they're everywhere, what we found is that wasn't the case that, as we move West again, we do have.
barineau_clinton: You know, some evidence for subdued Paleo valleys and we clearly need to work for the West but, nonetheless, that was, you know that that they do seem to be clustered right here, which raises some really interesting questions.
barineau_clinton: So one of those is that again if we move forward through time and, by the way, i'm going to back up here, I want to point out this red line that is the modern boundary between the apalachicola watershed and immobile watershed and that's going to become important here in just a second.
barineau_clinton: So we started putting everything together, and so this is what we know we know we have these regions are pronounced Paleo valleys.
barineau_clinton: We know they are relatively proximal to the modern chattahoochee river, we know that between the Center manian and up into this Antonia.
barineau_clinton: That the utah formation has evidence for a large pestering environment that seems to cluster right here in the same area where these these sort of manian pelvic Paleo valley seem to be emptying into.
barineau_clinton: So we can at least say that we have a persistent you know 10 million year plus 20 million Euro Plus.
barineau_clinton: Paleo draining system coming out of the interior of the continent that seems to be you know kind of stuck in this region over that period of time.
barineau_clinton: One of our former students actually were bill frazier in the overlying utah formation and one of the things that that he found was he in in bill sampled from gunnery all the way over to east of Columbus and the utah.
barineau_clinton: And I worked with him a little bit and, at the time I didn't notice that didn't realize the significance of that work that he did.
barineau_clinton: But he noticed, there were really some fundamental differences in heavy mineral compositions in the overlying utah.
barineau_clinton: And then, in fact, as you from tallahassee from to lassie to the West, that those two trial units those heavy mineral fractions last night.
barineau_clinton: And as you move to the East, especially when you approach kind of south of opal I can all burn you start picking up to try to kind I in those regions now note we don't have a lot of sample controlling here from utah information, and so we kind of jumped from West.
barineau_clinton: To east of auburn but, once you do get east of Armor and you start picking up to try to Chi night there's also some other diff subtle differences in the heavy mineral compositions which really suggest that, at least for the utah formation.
barineau_clinton: That we're crossing a Paleo divide, as we jump across that and again what was interesting is that utah formation Paleo divide.
barineau_clinton: happens to coincide with the modern Paleo modern divide between the immobile and the apalachicola watersheds and so it's another really interesting coincidence, and so collectively.
barineau_clinton: I think that at this point, there is a distinct possibility that we are looking at again.
barineau_clinton: Cinema manian ancestors to the chattahoochee river, obviously the The next thing is filling in the gaps and again that's what don and I are working on now.
barineau_clinton: Is let's look at some of those younger settlements in the coastal plain to see whether or not they also suggest the presence of a persistent Paleo drainage system coming out of the interior of the southeastern us between the cretaceous and up into obviously the the more recent times.
barineau_clinton: So with that I will let deanna chime in and add whatever it is that she wants to, and then we will we will be happy to take questions until you guys are sick of us.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I think that you did it very well, nothing else to add, I think that, yes, okay this this is exciting.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: project that we're working on and continue adding in a more regional.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Like the Web logs and also more outcrop.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Work in the ones that we already have, but also adding the more recent a rock soon to add to the story to these like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Very cool river revolution that for at least that we know for 10 or like the fact that they use and the tuscaloosa have this bluebell and storing association at least give us.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: A margin of 20 million at least 20 million years of these river near shore marine environments moving into the system, but now I will put it like it just coincidence that is nearby so cool close to the modern to the hood river or that is actually being.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: present this river systems that we know that move through time that evolved like Mandarin around but it's just amazing to think that this may be the ancestral.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: This this modern river that we have in between Georgia and Alabama is actually 100 years Hundred Years hundred million years ago, so I think that that's that's exciting for them like the future work a continuation of these more.
barineau_clinton: And more quarter raises a really important question that I think it's worth discussing he says, I recalled a proud presenting evidence years ago the fault lines warped.
barineau_clinton: Down there is the blue red plunges beneath the coastal plain and we got about 100 kilometers of data from Columbus the West, you know, and the question is, are we seeing that work I think it's important to know to note here that.
barineau_clinton: What we're seeing today is the modern.
barineau_clinton: Modern fall line right modern intersection of the coast of planet conformity with the surface, there is good evidence that the fall line in the past, would have extended much further north than.
barineau_clinton: Did and One of those is, as you move to the west of the tuscaloosa does become more and more Marina nature and so that means we're probably we're in many cases, we may have lost a lot of the kind of dip flavio nature of it, and so I think I think recognizing that.
barineau_clinton: I don't know that what we're what we're looking at here necessarily can shed a lot of light on that idea of the the the fall of the basically the blue Ridge, you know being being warped along this broad Axial feature.
barineau_clinton: That comes down from the blue Ridge and kind of traces into this region, I will say the.
barineau_clinton: The Marine nature of the tuscaloosa in the thickness of the tuscaloosa as we move from Georgia into Western Alabama it does sticking out, I think it is consistent with that idea.
barineau_clinton: That you know we may be looking at some you know upwards of the blue Ridge and thickening of the bases on either side of that Axial Axial trace.
barineau_clinton: But I don't know in this particular case, that our our this particular research project necessarily sheds a lot of light on that, at least not at this point.
barineau_clinton: yep absolutely.
barineau_clinton: need other questions on the the geology part.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: yeah yeah go ahead.
Rindsberg, Andrew: yeah yeah.
Rindsberg, Andrew: well.
Rindsberg, Andrew: If obviously you're obviously well read Have you looked into George Adams old paper from the 1920s saying the Alabama river captured the cahaba and kusa.
barineau_clinton: yeah that's, you know as i've been digging back through the literature one things i've noticed as we're obviously not the first people to propose that that we're looking at potentially some ancestral food your systems that have modern.
barineau_clinton: You know, modern descendants, and in fact.
barineau_clinton: You know, back in the late 60s or 70s, someone to propose that the chattahoochee river in the city of Atlanta because it happens all the board zone.
barineau_clinton: mei mei suggested that the chattahoochee actually dates back to the origin of reward zone.
barineau_clinton: And you know i've got some thoughts on that, but.
barineau_clinton: It, but I think the idea is certainly planted and I think obviously we're not the first people so off to go back and read the Adams Adams idea that gets us out of 26.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Change.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Any of it wouldn't change anything you've said, etc, you might want to say that.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Oh, the coosa telepresence a drainage, instead of the movie drainage.
Rindsberg, Andrew: yeah.
barineau_clinton: Talking about the watersheds that's that's an excellent point I will definitely go back and read up on that I will say.
barineau_clinton: There again, the honor working on a manuscript that will follow this one, and we do have data at this point that suggest that we can probably trace this all the way back into at least the Jurassic.
barineau_clinton: The same drainage system, and I think we can comfortably trace it forward into the the cinema, so we can we just kind of have a gap.
barineau_clinton: Between the kind of early soon as elec and late since Zoellick on that stretches maybe from ESC up in the paley seem to miocene there's not a lot of control and part of that is because.
barineau_clinton: The coastal plain the units, we really want to look at as you fall down dip.
barineau_clinton: They basically end up in this 20 straight to the Gulf trawl trough and in everything you want to look at is really definitely in the subsurface.
barineau_clinton: In terms of trying to interpret this Paleo environment so so that's a project we're working on now is to try to add to this and fill in those gaps so but yeah i'll definitely have to read that that that Adams paper on the on the capturing changes in the water basin in the watersheds.
Rindsberg, Andrew: yeah I.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Frankly, I back in the 90s, I looked at maps and rediscovered what Adams had done 70 years before.
Rindsberg, Andrew: So I was a little disappointed.
yeah.
barineau_clinton: yeah do you want to add anything on that.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: No, no, no, I just like yeah same thing, like just like adding more of these data and reading for sure the paper like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The basis for.
Rindsberg, Andrew: The biologists will be very interested in in your result looks OK, though, want to know how long the chattahoochee fishes have an isolated okay.
barineau_clinton: Well, I can tell you.
barineau_clinton: There is, you know work done down in the apalachicola Bay region suggests that the oldest parts of the apalachicola bait delta certainly go back to the miocene.
barineau_clinton: It shifted a little bit, just like you'd expect you know you know, a system exiting out of the golf like a modern Mississippi river delta there's obviously been a lot of.
barineau_clinton: A lot of redistribution and a lot of distribute Terry channels that have evolved through time.
barineau_clinton: But nonetheless that delta seems to be reasonably persistent all the way back to the miocene and so, in that sense there's certainly been a chattahoochee river or apalachicola river, if you don't think of it that way, certainly over the past, you know 510 1520 million years.
barineau_clinton: So mark mark asked.
barineau_clinton: US said we've had some very good results, using to try to work on analysis and dating of actual class to tie our.
barineau_clinton: Our cretaceous Potomac to specific terrains and eastern, central Piedmont a light that we're seeing changes in tribal mineralogy.
barineau_clinton: or their units in the blue Ridge that specific specifically tied of those, especially the the differences in the kind I saw more that's something i've actually thought about a lot.
barineau_clinton: And i've i've at this point I don't know that the data we have right now.
barineau_clinton: Is constraining enough to make the argument about what specific terrains and I think what we need to do that project that was done on the try to work.
barineau_clinton: That was largely a grains a grain analysis right, and so it was it was kind of just reflecting light green analysis with not a lot of a chemist.
barineau_clinton: model, a lot of geochemistry or anything else on it, so I think the next task for us.
barineau_clinton: is to look not only to utah, but I think we need to drop back down to tuscaloosa and do some systematic sampling basically from a GM Murray.
barineau_clinton: All the way over you know at least making in really maybe do some grain mounts or do some mineral separates maybe do a little SEM work to try to get a better sense of what those two components are but yeah that is definitely one of those future projects for us yeah.
mark carter: We you've got harder road to hoe down there, I think we do up here because basically your entire into the blue Ridge is kind of right there and there's really nothing that I can think of in there.
mark carter: it's going to give you you're going to get leads in progress or you're gonna get a lot of from the decoding flute tones.
mark carter: But there could be something specific.
mark carter: That that would give you a give you a good age what we found up here actually is that a lot of our class, this is the reason why I asked about class composition early on.
mark carter: Is that we have some very unique class that we just don't see in the Piedmont anymore they're only preserve now in the bazell cretaceous they're they're basically under form volcanic class and those dated out to look like something.
mark carter: To say majors the stuff that we see in the virtual liner at green shoots facing so we're looking at that upper power, maybe the virtual I know that that was scraped off during the during the cretaceous.
mark carter: And now, what we're what we're seeing is the deeper roots in the virtual item there in the upper stuff the and metamorphose stuff actually sitting in the basement rotations so we had a couple of those.
mark carter: Know we've got the whole breadth of the Piedmont to say okay we're seeing 555 40 ma ages on something we've got enough, as they are, it goes here goes there.
mark carter: y'all may not have that but you may have some geochemical markers you just pointed out, really good you know, there may be something geochemistry.
mark carter: That says hey that's fake about over here, and maybe think about over there and then back to the point of the rearrangement of the drainage basin.
mark carter: Putting all of that into the mix, and you know y'all got a lot of work to do, for a long time, it can take a lot of fun work too yeah um so kudos to you on this is this is good good good stuff that you're doing.
barineau_clinton: yeah I think the thing I would be really interested in doing down the road.
barineau_clinton: And, and you know a lot of the stuff that I do in the Piedmont, which requires ready metro dating to really good good age constraints.
barineau_clinton: I think there's a lot of potential here to look at things like the trials are gone and potentially look at things like half and half the time signatures right to see if you can actually tell the difference between.
barineau_clinton: zircons derived from different terrains because we do have enough data now in the various Piedmont blears terrains and Alabama Georgia.
barineau_clinton: That, I think we probably have enough database to kind of compare what do the half new signatures of those icons look like and we might be actually able to see.
barineau_clinton: Systematic and roofing of the appalachians or, alternatively, on reorganization of drains basins.
barineau_clinton: Both in terms of the ages of the zircons and the geochemistry on the zircons might provide some really interesting insights into that but obviously that requires that requires a lot of effort and and obviously some funding to do something along those lines absolutely but it's.
mark carter: I think it's good work, I think it's very good work, I know a couple of people appear in the usps or looking at the trials or cons up and down the coast primarily for heavy minerals, and so there are data sits out there.
mark carter: But it's always good to add to those data and, of course, until they're published they're really.
mark carter: Not available to the rest of us so.
mark carter: just keep up the good work.
mark carter: Thanks.
barineau_clinton: Do you want to add anything to that if he thought you have them we're going to move this project forward.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Now just want to say that we are a great team I structural geologists metamorphic an igneous rock expert and as the mythology is that the river, so I think that we be a good mix here yeah.
barineau_clinton: No, I think we both bring a lot of you know, this is a project that really needs a lot of different eyes, looking at it.
So.
barineau_clinton: We had a question earlier and I kind of bypass it but i'll come back to it, and that is.
barineau_clinton: The question you know somebody pointed out that there's there's obviously some advantages and disadvantages to these types of field trips and so.
barineau_clinton: Andrew roseburg pointed out hey it's raining where he's at so I don't I haven't looked outside, I have no idea what's happening outside my door but uh but could be renting out there, for all I know.
barineau_clinton: And so i'm actually curious to get people's feedback on you know did this work or not obviously it's not ideal.
barineau_clinton: I would much rather be in the field, I would much rather have all of you out on the outcrop.
barineau_clinton: But if there are things that you think that worked well and things that we could have done better I would be happy to hear those comments, because I can actually use them on Saturday, when we do our next one, I do another field trip with another another group of colleagues so.
barineau_clinton: We must have done everything right down.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Of course this is.
Rindsberg, Andrew: This is the worst thing about teaching online when you have this big silence and you don't know whether people are silent or because they're smiling.
Rindsberg, Andrew: Or whether they're they've already left the room.
Rindsberg, Andrew: But I enjoyed it very much and i'm sure that Dr Carter just said so.
barineau_clinton: We.
mark carter: Have y'all had y'all done a very, very good job with this i've seen some of these virtual trips that has gone off very good I put you all in that category i've seen a few of them that have not been very good over the past year.
mark carter: Thank you all have y'all are y'all are really high up there y'all did a good job with this.
mark carter: yeah My only concern with any of this stuff here is that you know, Jim Hello can buy me a beer when we get back to the hotel so.
mark carter: that's like that's the best where we live in these days I guess.
mark carter: it'll it'll be over at some point down.
barineau_clinton: And we had one comment that we needed more close up photos the outcrops and I agree, and I will have to take responsibility for this with with deanna be in Kansas, it was my job to go around take photos and I realized after the fact is, we were putting them all together.
barineau_clinton: That that really to do to do a better presentation of a virtual field trip, you need photos at all scales and everything in between, and so I think if I had a chance to go back and do it again, I would definitely.
barineau_clinton: Do you know really start start you know at large kind of macro scale, the whole outcrop and I might systematically literally walk 10 feet, at a time until I could get closer and closer and closer just to give us the range of photos that you really need to do justice to a field trip.
barineau_clinton: i'll be okay i'm hoping, I never have to do this again to know have giga pan.
mark carter: Technology down there.
barineau_clinton: No, but I was thinking about it, as I was taking the photos that would be really valuable to have those really high resolution giga pan photos.
Rindsberg, Andrew: One of the great advantages, you had today was that you didn't have to go in order from east to west or West East yeah.
yeah.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: and
Janet Wert Crampton: i'm Janet Crampton in rockville Maryland and I appreciate your virtual field trips because i'm no longer able to go into the field like that.
Janet Wert Crampton: And if I got there I might not be able to see what I was looking at, so thank you very much it's it's a great pleasure and if you give another one sometime i'll be there, virtually.
barineau_clinton: Well, well, thank you and I, and I do recognize this is a great opportunity for us to bring geology to people that might not have the means or or opportunity to get onto the field, and so I hope.
barineau_clinton: Even though I again I prefer going out in the field, I think, having a virtual component in future field trips will be really valuable so Dan I know you're getting ready to say something.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I just want to add to all their wonderful comments, thank you for that yeah like.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: The betrayal also allow us to go to our crops that perhaps we will not drive for an hour or half an hour to one basis, like a step three.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: like this is a wonderful opportunity to like move, and I now grew up that help us with the regional sustained of these costs toppling unconformity.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: But probably will not be worth it to go 30 people and in a very small very limited exposure, so we probably will go to stop one i'm not for sure, and I stopped one and four.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: But probably will show him pictures and so on, so I think that these virtual world allow us to go around the whole war and and and help us to.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: come across on my show the details, without the need to go and drive for long distances to I think that there's there's also a in favor of the theater world but, of course, how the person agreement, and I feel geology so I love being in the field, even if it's raining.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: But yeah it is, it is limitations in terms of whether.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: I think that he has stayed frozen.
mark carter: We plus side to those to that time in the van going between a crops as the opportunity to talk to everybody, but you know I think we've done a pretty good job here.
mark carter: To have that conversation amongst everyone so as long as that still air is.
mark carter: pointed out earlier, you know you asked a question there's just silence well you know as long as as long as we're communicating you still have that opportunity to bounce ideas off and talk to the other participants, maybe even more so with with the chat sit up with you.
mark carter: know I can chat with with other people kind of privately and then chat as a group, and so forth, and so you can still have those converse those those smaller conversations, as well as the larger conversations.
mark carter: Just.
mark carter: it's different because you're not doing it in the band between the.
Rindsberg, Andrew: bathrooms are better this way.
barineau_clinton: So I saw for certain needs you right.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: it's actually audrey.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Oh yeah.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: hi everybody so.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: I always login with Nancy rights.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: To zoom, and so I didn't catch real quick but.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: I just wanted to step in, on behalf of GSA and say this was awesome.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: And you know, helping everybody kind of plan these field trips in the online world you don't really know what you're going to get and i've been listening and kind of monitoring and.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: This was great so you know going forward if we have to continue this which I do think GSA you know to Janet hamptons.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: kind of perspective that this allows accessibility to people that are not going to maybe travel to your meeting and that can't travel to your meeting and so.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: I do hope going forward that there are field trip leaders that will take the time and effort and energy that you both put into this trip because.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: This is awesome This is great and i'm just so excited to see all the dialogue and all the questions and.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: It just makes me feel like yes there's there's a lot of success and from the from the meeting planning side I hope everybody and from the comments and everything i'm hearing that people just.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: So this was great so you're going to be an example that we will use going forward that this you know the videos and the Google earth and.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: This was really great so congratulations and thank you for working with me and taking the time to put all this effort in and contributing to the southeast section meeting so just wanted to say thank you and i'll leave now but.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: thanks again.
barineau_clinton: aubrey Oh, I was gonna say, one of the things, by the way, thank you so much for coordinating all of this.
barineau_clinton: yeah because.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Once you did it.
barineau_clinton: Well, what I was going to suggest is, I think a lot of a lot of field trip leaders would be interested in potentially having a virtual format, I think the challenges.
barineau_clinton: When you're developing an actual physical field trip.
barineau_clinton: Of the effort that goes into that and then, if you also had a simultaneous developed the virtual field trip your base, you might not be doubling effort but you're certainly adding 50% to it.
barineau_clinton: If GSA were really interested in that one way they might consider addressing it is taking select field trips and literally sending a photographer or videographer with that group.
barineau_clinton: It was mentioned in the chat the possibility of somebody said each attendee has a tablet with the field trip guide, but you know the attendees you know, a sort of kind of crowd sourcing of filming might be a really interesting way of approaching and creating these virtual field trips.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: yeah and then some of the sections Secretary meetings we've already did discuss that and in the.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: southeast management board meeting that I attended the other day we discussed that having you know some sort of professional.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: videography kind of following these field trips and then just think about how you could share that in classrooms and you can have webinars about it and and really kind of continue the research and the learning and the teaching.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: You know, so I think we can go that route that's just maybe not going to happen immediately, but that would be great to see that, so there are benefits from COPA, you know this is kind of thrown us into a whole new world and a whole new.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: You know way of teaching and learning and seeing these field trips, so I think there's a lot of potential, so I think you're you're very correct that some sort of videography would be great.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Thank you yeah well, thank you yeah.
barineau_clinton: Any other questions from our audience members.
barineau_clinton: down any more any more thoughts or comments on your room.
Diana Ortega-Ariza: Not just want to say thank you to GSA for giving us this opportunity to present our.
work.
mark carter: I just like to point out that y'all did publish your God book with this as well, so.
mark carter: You know polite to God book I assume is hooked up with the with the alternate 2021 hour meeting what I can tell from the from the citation.
mark carter: So it's just not these books will crips you still publishing those guidebooks which are very, very important going forward for those of us who may find ourselves in Georgia at some point in time, need to go out.
barineau_clinton: And we, I think, Dan and I both felt like that that was really important so i'm running another trip which there is not a guidebook because we're basically.
barineau_clinton: we're using other guidebooks, and so we didn't feel that we needed to recreate the wheel off that one but for this one, we felt like it's really important that the God of be out there, so that people can visit these outcrops and know exactly where they're at.
mark carter: You know how many from that volume from that volume 61.
mark carter: How many field trips for this meeting was published in that.
barineau_clinton: No, I don't.
mark carter: i'm not so for this other field, the afternoon for the March don't vote for if i'm not sure they have a published guy we are drinking.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: yeah So what we did, since all the sections went online this year and then the rocky mountain postponed.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: They were going to do just a big.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Come like compile all the sections together is what my understanding is.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: So that there might be some field trips in there from the coordinating or from the joint north east, south central or North central South central.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: So I know that they were still compiling that but I think from the from the southeast meeting I think there's maybe three or four that were contributing to that out of 10 field trips.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: So did that answer your question was.
mark carter: answered answered it just fine and that's interesting too, because if you all are publishing that full guidebook.
mark carter: know, unlike a normal meeting, where I would buy The guidebook just for the southeast section I can Bob feel god's 61 and it's going to have field trips for sounds like from what you just said field trips from all over like an annual meeting.
mark carter: So so that's actually that's an interesting interesting concept there.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: yeah it's because of all the you know, there was a lot of filters that did actually drop out se was the one who had the most field trips that stayed.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: I think we only lost three so majority of the leaders from the southeast section said sure i'll do it online and then for the other sections, maybe they had six and they're only running three online field trips, so we just kind of figured well let's just put it into one big volume.
mark carter: what's the price on that.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: i'm not quite sure.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: I can look up your name, and I can be in touch with you.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: that's not that's not my specialty but I got in touch with local online just as easy as.
mark carter: You I just don't normally I guess se GSA God bookstore what 40 $50.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Though yeah so i'll be in touch i'll look you up in our system market in them.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Okay, we can be in touch to.
mark carter: set all right.
barineau_clinton: Any other questions from the group.
barineau_clinton: While I will mirror that ortega's comments we appreciate everyone taking their time out of their day to show up and listen to us talk about the cosplay nonconformity and and we hope you all have a great time at the conference, and thank you all GSA staff for making this work.
RISE GSA Audrey Heun: Thank you so much, take care good job Okay, thank you.