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egarriso: Well i'm going to.

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egarriso: Be your very short introductory.

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egarriso: Individual and my name is urban garrison University of Georgia, and my co host are all.

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egarriso: In the oh Hello.

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egarriso: are here as well, that would be Lorraine, and have a car.

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egarriso: And we are really delighted that y'all are joining us and if you're in geophysical insights and applications from the mantle to the near surface, you are in the right session, if not, please say.

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egarriso: We have we have some really fine presentation very diverse presentations and I think it is reflective of the.

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egarriso: Of the title it's a very broad and inclusive title, but I think it captures the spirit of what we wanted to present in this session so just a few rules.

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egarriso: You all know that you can share screen so there's nothing there, there is a 17 minute time limit on your presentation, you will be time by both if a car and myself i'm backup on time i'm.

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egarriso: The first team on timing for the posters and the posters operate differently if you've never done one it's five minutes.

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egarriso: The video runs for five minutes simultaneously with the poster and then there's a five minute Q amp a, unlike the regular presentation oral presentations which 17 minutes, plus three minutes Q amp a and.

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egarriso: We will enforce that, so I would like to again say anyone who wants to participate in Q amp a.

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egarriso: question in the chat and we will then take the question and presented from there and I don't think there's anything else, we need to cover if.

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egarriso: Lorraine rob you think if card I miss anything.

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roberthawman: sounds good to me.

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egarriso: Well then.

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Lorraine Wolf: I think we're ready to start.

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Lorraine Wolf: 35, we have to wait till three 435.

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egarriso: Okay, well, we can pinch pennies for a few minutes here anyway, are.

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egarriso: You not looked at the schedule.

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egarriso: Our first presentation presenter will be Laura Hannah wall from university of Georgia, this year out there.

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egarriso: And she will be presenting on the structure of the list of sphere across the appalachian origin reflection profiling using earthquakes and I suspect that one of my co host is instrumental in this particular presentation.

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egarriso: Since he does a lot of this so i'm eager to hear what Laura has to say about this.

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egarriso: So I have two more minutes by my clock.

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egarriso: The questions by anybody about anything is going to happen.

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roberthawman: what's that picture behind your your head.

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egarriso: Oh southern Scottish Highlands and that's a one of the monroes as they like to call their mountains, and this is the ferry mountain she hallion.

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roberthawman: is great.

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egarriso: I stared at it for about two weeks in 2015 when I was doing a geophysical survey of an iron age hill for.

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egarriso: it's a weather vane give the top that little mob is covered with the clouds you might as well pack your gear up and head for the truck because it's going to rain.

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roberthawman: You know how high the peak is.

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egarriso: hey well to be in Monroe you gotta be 3000 feet, so I don't know how much over that it is.

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egarriso: Again I think there's over 100 monroe's and people collect them.

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egarriso: So you can spend your half your life hiking around.

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egarriso: collecting the Rose.

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egarriso: they're the ones that are shorter than morose have a name but I don't remember what they're called.

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Lorraine Wolf: I think what.

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roberthawman: Are you ready.

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Lorraine Wolf: i'm ready to begin.

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roberthawman: Okay, he.

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roberthawman: was going to go ahead and introduce our speakers at our first presentation as.

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roberthawman: Urban just pointed out, is structured to let this fear across the appalachian origin reflection profiling using earthquakes authors are Laura Hannah wall Michael kulick Rebecca Rebecca have statler and me and we'll start out with Laura.

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Michael Cuilik: Thank you so much.

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Michael Cuilik: Starting with since it's deployment in 2000 and for the transportable Ray has provided exciting new insights into the structure little of the sphere beneath the continental us.

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Michael Cuilik: Important discoveries include the variations in thickness of the sphere and detailed structure of the let the sphere.

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Michael Cuilik: sphere boundary or lamb beneath the stable interior and tectonically more active regions beneath the continental margins.

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Michael Cuilik: The nature structure is giving rise to middle of the spirit discontinuities has also received growing attention.

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Michael Cuilik: What the eastern passage of the ta the focus has gradually shifted from actively to forming crust in the western us to the role of upper manual processes and helping to sustain elevated typography East of the Mississippi in particular on portions of the appalachian origin.

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Michael Cuilik: Recent studies have focused on long wavelength features and come to sing large volumes of the subsurface and they've also mostly focused on the analysis of S waves.

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Michael Cuilik: mapping P wave reflectivity might be one way to improve resolution we've been doing some work on this using data from the sesame and transportable arrays.

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Michael Cuilik: sesame was an array of 85 broadband stations noted by blue dots on the map deployed along three profiles to oriented north, south roughly perpendicular to propose allegheny and suture between.

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Michael Cuilik: And a third oriented Northwest southeast perpendicular to the strike of the appalachian origin.

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Michael Cuilik: Recent work with the sesame array shows P wave reflections from depths less than one kilometer to roughly 200 kilometers beneath the southern appalachians.

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Michael Cuilik: Major features include mojo reflections that increase in two way time from 1010 seconds roughly 30 kilometers beneath the coastal plain so over 17 seconds, or between 55 to 60 kilometers beneath the blue Ridge mountains.

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Michael Cuilik: reflections interpreted as the lamb were observed at times between 32 and 36 seconds roughly 122 135 kilometers the purpose of our current work is to extend this type of analysis to stations of the ta to trace structures westward across the transition to the continental interior.

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Michael Cuilik: In particular, the goals of this work or to one map variations in the detailed structure of the cross boundary to place constraints on the likely nature of this continuity within the sub Castle with a sphere.

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Michael Cuilik: Three map variations in depth and detailed structure of the lamb and for place constraints on the nature of flow and the uppermost a csv we accomplish this by examining data across three profile is Mr nw shown with red dots on the map.

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Michael Cuilik: we've been experimenting with a method developed by rogue rock and Robin are basically, the idea is to use pk I kp the p way of the travels through the inner core as virtual seismic source.

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Michael Cuilik: For large distances these waves arrive at the near vertical incidence Upon reflection at the free surface they travel back down into the earth, where they are reflected from various discontinuities.

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Michael Cuilik: The key assumption is that the reflective passer also nearly vertical so one concrete the source and receiver points as coincidence.

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Michael Cuilik: know that the surface reflection causes a reversal and polarity so reflections from interfaces with positive and peons contrast like the moto end up with negative polarities.

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Michael Cuilik: So this map shows the distribution of earthquakes and the ideal distance range between 115 and 145 degrees at larger distances like 145 260 degrees other rivals, such as pk P can interfere.

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Michael Cuilik: PGI kp arrives, with an incident angle of about five degrees we get even smaller angles, which means cheaper raise if we use events at distances beyond 160 degrees near the antidote of the arrays.

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Michael Cuilik: Our first task is to remove the effect of the extended earthquake source time function following links done in hammer we estimate this waveform by stacking traces for stations deployed on Crystal and bedrock.

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Michael Cuilik: We first align the pk I kp arrivals by cross correlation then we stack or add all the waveforms together.

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Michael Cuilik: The assumption here is that the waveform associated with the source time function is common to all traces while events related to structure laterally variable, and so they cancel out, this is an example with eight stations and the stack is the last race.

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Michael Cuilik: We then use this way for them to do, involve the traces here we show results for a large earthquake recorded along one of the ta profiles, the large amplitude impulsive event at zero time is the DK involved pk kp waveform it serves as a time reference for later reflections.

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Michael Cuilik: So for this study we focused on 16 earthquakes in the western Pacific we use the source waveforms estimated from the sesame data to do involve seismic grams recorded by tasc.

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Michael Cuilik: philosophy models for converting time to depth were derived from a combination of wide angle data using both path active and passive sources and results from co corp surveys.

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Michael Cuilik: For the mantle we use results from recent tomography studies we focused our attention on three east, west profiles, these are plotted on map showing videography movie gravity anomalies generalized geology and precambrian basement.

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Michael Cuilik: This figure shows the station coverage for line w for each of the 16 earthquakes analyzed the earthquakes in 2011 and early 2012 primarily hit the western half of the stations.

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Michael Cuilik: And the stations in which the earthquakes hit gradually moved to the east, coinciding with the deployment of the ta cross sections for line M and our would be very similar.

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Michael Cuilik: we'll start by looking at decoupled gathers from line w start here.

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Michael Cuilik: And this plot, we can see reflections and the red brackets around 28 and 32 seconds roughly 100 to 114 kilometers which we interpret as led.

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Michael Cuilik: In this plot some layering in the lower crust can be seen near 10 seconds about 35 kilometers and around 36 to 38 seconds roughly 130 to 135 kilometers a reflection that dips westward and maybe the lamb.

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Michael Cuilik: Here we interpret the reflection at around 45 seconds roughly 157 kilometers dipping towards the West, be the lamb and the reflection around 60 seconds roughly 214 kilometers also dipping towards the West may to be layering within the stratosphere.

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Michael Cuilik: On this plot we interpret the reflection and around 44 seconds again corresponding to 157 kilometers dipping to the West to be the lamb, which is consistent with the previous earthquake.

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Michael Cuilik: There there's a minor prevent artifact and the negative 22 zero second window, but because of the consistency of this plot with the previous plot, we are still led to believe that the lb reflection is real.

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Michael Cuilik: Here are the two previous earthquake event side by side to compare the consistency of the led.

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Michael Cuilik: Here we interpret their reflections at around 20 seconds and 22 seconds or roughly 60 kilometers to be middle of the spirit discontinuities.

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Michael Cuilik: The red brackets around 58 to 64 second corresponding to roughly 107 to 130 kilometers are interpreted as layering in the sphere.

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Michael Cuilik: The red brackets and the pre event window that come in at an Easter dipping angle are Microsystems generated by standing waves in the ocean basin are at periods from four to eight seconds.

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Michael Cuilik: Lastly, for line w their reflections at around five to eight seconds or 18 to 28 kilometers maybe a sheer zone, the reflection around 15 seconds dipping to the West, maybe the know have.

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Michael Cuilik: Next, we will look at line our start here.

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Michael Cuilik: For the first plot, the lowest frequency plot and negative polarity we see a clearly defined reflection, starting at roughly 10 seconds to the east.

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Michael Cuilik: dipping to near 14 seconds beneath the appalachian mountains before slightly shadowing toward the interior of the continent, beneath Eastern Kentucky However, at the lower values of alpha we are unable to see much detailed structure.

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Michael Cuilik: So, for the same earthquake but higher frequency, we can see the structure of the moto but now we're able to see other interesting features come into view right below the pk kp rival about one to two seconds, we are able to see the appalachian base.

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Michael Cuilik: Deeper around 34 seconds or 128 kilometers were able to see what may be the lamb coming into focus on the eastern portion of the plot.

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Michael Cuilik: same earthquake and same frequency here but positive polarity this plot is just a shown in large view of the appalachian based and reflection.

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Michael Cuilik: Again same earthquake, but even higher frequency, as we increase the frequency range of the pot we begin to reveal structure beneath the interpreted lamb which we propose to be learning within the Assam sphere around 44 and 53 seconds or 165 and 200 kilometers.

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Michael Cuilik: For the next earthquake, we see a clear reflection between 12 to 15 seconds or 45 to 56 kilometers which, again we interpret as the mo consistent with line w and the sesame data.

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Michael Cuilik: know the reflection dips westward bottoms out beneath the higher elevations of the appalachian mountains shall is briefly then begins to dip again toward the continental interior.

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Michael Cuilik: Here at a higher frequency, for the same event, we see a shallow reflection interpreted as the only based on to the West, which moves eastward up to into the Cincinnati arch.

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Michael Cuilik: And then dips down further use word into the application and based on moving deeper starting around 220 kilometers to the east and dipping inward slightly towards continental interior, we can see this phenomena of layering in these things come through at higher frequencies.

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Michael Cuilik: From this next earthquake, we are unable to parse out a clear mojo or led signal, however, we do get very clear imaging of the same shallow structures, I previously mentioned the Illinois basin Cincinnati arch and appalachian basin.

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Michael Cuilik: As well as at least three reflections within the csv are likely to be more wearing these are at 4852 and 56 seconds or 180 195 and 210 kilometers respectively.

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Michael Cuilik: The last earthquake analyze for this line covers more of the continental interior from southern indiana too far Western was very.

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Michael Cuilik: It was relatively noisy at depth but produced some shallow reflections about two seconds that coincide with the ozark plateau region.

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Michael Cuilik: This relatively flat sequence corresponds to the base of the St Francis while volcanic terrain that underlies the base of the cardinal carbonate group that has those are aquifer.

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Michael Cuilik: So next we're going to look at line m, which is start here.

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Michael Cuilik: So this is a positive polarity plot where you can see a middle of the sphere discontinuity at about 20 seconds, as well as the lamb at about 36 seconds.

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Michael Cuilik: there's also layering in the Center sphere between 40 and 60 seconds, and there are some minor artifacts in the negative 20 to zero second window but due to the consistency of this plot with records of other earthquakes, we believe the lamb reflection to be correct.

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Michael Cuilik: So this is also a positive polarity plot where you can see the mojo at about 16 seconds and the lamb at about 36 seconds, which is consistent with the previous plot.

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Michael Cuilik: The wavelengths marked as noise our artifacts generated by interference with the free surface multiple of the direct P way of arrival.

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Michael Cuilik: So this is a negative polarity plot where you can see the mojo at about 15 seconds, which is consistent with the previous plot the lamb is not clearly defined but there's also a middle of the sphere discontinuity at about 28 seconds.

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Michael Cuilik: And lastly, this is a positive polarity plot, or you can see the middle crust right after the PTA kp arrival at about six seconds.

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Michael Cuilik: The stations cross the mid-continent gravity high the gravity highs belief, to mark elite precambrian rift filled with me fake intrusions and lava flows, the polarity of the reflection indicates a negative impedance contrast, so this may mark the base of a mythic body.

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Michael Cuilik: To summarize reviews pk I kp as a virtual source to generate reflections with depths, ranging from 2.4 kilometers in the upper crust to roughly 200 kilometers in the upper mansell.

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Michael Cuilik: We interpret coherent energy at times 32 to 45 seconds or depths increasing westward from 100 to 170 kilometers as reflections from the base of the with the sphere.

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Michael Cuilik: Later reflections are interpreted as layering within the ascend sphere, possibly generated by dragging deuce flow.

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Michael Cuilik: And we're getting recognizable and useful signal levels from single earthquakes, without stacking traces for multiple events.

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Michael Cuilik: For future work, we want to expand the analysis of ta data to include additional east, west profiles incorporate additional earthquakes and stack trace that traces for multiple earthquakes, to boost signal levels.

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Michael Cuilik: This work is supported by grants or Chevron and the National Science Foundation and thank you very much for listening.

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roberthawman: So thank you do we have questions.

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Lorraine Wolf: I have a question, so I was going to ask you about why you didn't stack different earthquakes.

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Lorraine Wolf: Along the same line is that something that you still are planning to do before you finish your work or.

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Lorraine Wolf: Somebody to take that on.

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Michael Cuilik: Yes, well, we absolutely want to step them we basically honestly just ran out of time, but we did find really useful signals from single earthquakes which was really promising so to stack earthquakes in the future is is a plan to do we do have a plan to do so.

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Lorraine Wolf: And to do that well you line them up on the ti K, the pk I kp arrival yes.

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David's iPad (4): I have a question why do you think the mojo is not more distinguishable on virtually all of the plots.

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Michael Cuilik: and take this one it's mainly because the these boundaries are are not.

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Michael Cuilik: sharp contacts they're more laird laird contacts, so we kind of expect to see that.

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Michael Cuilik: Multiple multiple cycles.

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Michael Cuilik: coming through and, hopefully, as we begin to stack these data that they may becomes a little bit more clear.

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Michael Cuilik: But it is it's.

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Michael Cuilik: Something that we've been able to parse out these signals just from single earthquakes to to reasonable confidence level.

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roberthawman: Michael may I add something to that.

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Yes.

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roberthawman: Also, each earthquake generates really different frequencies and some just to have seemed to have a better remote more appropriate frequency content to catch that.

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roberthawman: interface, but again as Michael pointed out, we expect these images to focus better and better, as we start to stack the signals we certainly saw that, in the recent paper by the rail and adele.

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roberthawman: To me it's reassuring, you can see him without stalking.

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Lorraine Wolf: I just want to make a logistical comment, if you, we have a lot of people here, so we can't get everybody on the screen So if you want to ask a question just put it in the chat to just say you want to ask a question and we'll focus in on you.

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Lorraine Wolf: There any further questions for the speaker.

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roberthawman: Already ahead of schedule.

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Lorraine Wolf: yeah we have one and a half, more minutes.

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David's iPad (4): not get asked one more question how well did the tour corp data correlate to the ta data, it will be able to do that.

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Welcome

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roberthawman: Michael can I jump in.

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Michael Cuilik: yeah I.

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Michael Cuilik: didn't really go through where the.

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Michael Cuilik: Cocoa really line w would be correlated with coke or lines.

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Michael Cuilik: But they they are kind of perpendicular to each other.

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roberthawman: And Sam and we did the comparison with the results from the sesame array and the recent paper you found pretty good.

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roberthawman: correspondence between moto times in the coastal plain actually the tk kp tend to be a little bit shallower.

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roberthawman: But then those co corp lines, the ICO lines as well, never did succeed in imaging the mojo beneath the higher elevations.

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roberthawman: And so those pk I kp generated reflections were really as far as I can tell, they were the first few wave reflections that were observed beneath those high elevation so, and if you look at that now one slide that they showed it's I think it's a pretty convincing signal.

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roberthawman: And I think the advantage, there is the lower frequency content of the of the earthquakes.

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Lorraine Wolf: Think we're ready to move to the next gen.

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Okay.

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roberthawman: Our next presentation is entitled tectonics structure of East Antarctica from full waveform ambient noise tomography by a she's kumar samantha Hansen and Erica emory and hashish will be our speaker.

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Ashish Kumar: Who Hello everyone, my name is ashish i'm a master student in the department of geological sciences and the University of Alabama So may I share my screen.

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Ashish Kumar: So today i'm going to talk about the tectonic structures in eastern Africa, which I have been doing from flew away from me noise demography method.

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Ashish Kumar: The outline of the presentation is i'm going to start with a brief introduction about the structures in East Antarctica.

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Ashish Kumar: Then i'll talk about the origin and evolution of these structures, further to investigate these structures, what data and methods, I have used i'll discuss this further their users, which I have got using the full pay, I mean noise tomography method, and then the conclusion of this presentation.

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Ashish Kumar: So more than 95% surface in Antarctica is covered by thick ice sheets given a remote location and harsh climate conditions Antarctica is one of the least explored continents on the surface of the earth.

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Ashish Kumar: In East Antarctica there are various significant geological structures such as transantarctic mountains will subglacial base in gamburtsev appalachian mountains and aurora as a glacial pace, so today i'm going to talk about these four structures so transantarctic mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: lies in the Center of the Antarctica and separate West and East Antarctica it is nearly 3500 kilometer long and reaches up to four kilometers in elevation.

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Ashish Kumar: Will subglacial based in lies in the handle and of transantarctic mountains and it's the largest subglacial basin in eastern article, it is 1400 meter long and 600 meter wide.

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Ashish Kumar: gambit six appalachian mountains lies in the Center of the eastern article and it's bedrock elevation is nearly 2500 meters.

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Ashish Kumar: And the last one is an older simulation basin, which lies perpendicular to the eastern coast of the continent and is nearly 1000 kilometer long.

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Ashish Kumar: So previous studies have proposed different origin models for these structures, but these origin models are inconsistent with each other so to further investigate these structures and going to.

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Ashish Kumar: have used a.

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Ashish Kumar: Seismic data from different temporary and permanent networks in East Antarctica.

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Ashish Kumar: And I have so i'll discuss my readers.

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Ashish Kumar: So now i'm going to talk about the different origin models of the structures so, starting with the transantarctic mountains so.

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Ashish Kumar: The one model for the origin of the transatlantic mountain is the flagship model of origin, so this model suggests that the origin of the transantarctic mounted is associated with the affliction of Eastern article, it was fair.

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Ashish Kumar: and reflection of the eastern Arctic little sphere is caused by different factors such as the end load.

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Ashish Kumar: I slowed that is present on the top of the little sphere, and that is on the most important factor is the thermal load that is associated with the presence of a West Antarctic risk system, we need the Western article is Australia and the descent of the eastern article torture.

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Ashish Kumar: The next model is the crystal isostatic model, so this model suggest than the origin of the transantarctic mountain is associated with the thick crust that is present beneath the mountain system and suppose and supports the high typography of the prompts and dotting mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: Later study which came up suggest that the origin of the transantarctic mountain is associated with the multiple factors which includes the lecture of the eastern typically for sphere as well as a tick crust which is present beneath the origin many the transcendental mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: The wills simulation based in which is present in in the hinterland of the constant Arctic mountain has also multiple of.

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Ashish Kumar: Origin models which are inconsistent with the one on the an early study in 1970s, characterized the word submission based in as an interpreter threatening based in that's been associated with the pre existing structures in eastern article later I study.

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Ashish Kumar: Using gravity and maintain data.

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Ashish Kumar: listed that will submission based in his form by the rift systems during other separation of final are doing something separation of East and Africa with.

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Ashish Kumar: India and Australia and due to the crystal thickening there is a depression zone and that led to the formation of will substantial basis.

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Ashish Kumar: However, another model that is the actual model of origin suggest that works, based in as fun as an outer low in conjunction with the.

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Ashish Kumar: upliftment of the transantarctic mountain associated with the affliction of Eastern tactically towards fair.

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Ashish Kumar: Now now about the gamber six appalachian mountains, it is situated in the Center of the Center Center of the eastern article towards fair are and not a significant research has been done in this area, but in early 2000.

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Ashish Kumar: And study using gravity data suggested that the initial uplift of the gamber six appalachian mountains are associated with the thick route.

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Ashish Kumar: That are that spawned during the initial continental collision but later during the resting associated with the final separation of eastern Africa with India and Australia.

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Ashish Kumar: caused the flank that supported the final uplift of the gambler simulation mountain and additional uplift has been caused you to the polar new to the ice and.

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Ashish Kumar: subglacial it wasn't.

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Ashish Kumar: Our recent seismic studies suggest that the gamble six appalachian mountain or underlain by take little sphere and the little sphere are associated with.

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Ashish Kumar: precambrian period and it's been not affected by the later subduction or lyft associated tectonic activities So these are demographic studies suggest that.

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Ashish Kumar: The gamber six appalachian mountains have are associated with thick crust that suggests that supports the high typography and there is no role of lift mechanism in the upliftment of the gamblers of circulation mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: For the aurora basing which lies are the eastern coast of the Antarctica.

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Ashish Kumar: Are not associated with much studies, so we do not have significant models that suggests the origin of the as.

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Ashish Kumar: glacial pace, and most of the demographic models suggest fast our Crystal and Upper mental are velocities in this region, however, there is a model which came up in 2013 are suggested slow velocities we need the aurora base in and here on the figure in the right side, you can see.

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Ashish Kumar: The black.

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Ashish Kumar: oval shaped box in circles, the slow velocity and families that have been observed any the arrest of glacial pace and.

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Ashish Kumar: So to further investigate these structures and.

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Ashish Kumar: about the origin and tectonic evolution so i'm I am you i've used ambient noise data from the at three different.

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Ashish Kumar: stations associated with different temporary and permanent networks, I have.

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Ashish Kumar: filtered these data into different.

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Ashish Kumar: frequencies frequency bands that range from 15 to 340 seconds, you can see, the number of data in each frequency are a period ranges so the number of data in a shorter period band is more in comparison to the long period band.

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Ashish Kumar: After that we have.

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Ashish Kumar: The speakers shows the propagation of the synthetic Bay phones in this in this study reason we have the starting model that comprises of.

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Ashish Kumar: crystal layers from the smarter and Upper mental layers from the candidate model.

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Ashish Kumar: So for any tomography study we need two important things that are the real data and the synthetic and the synthetic waveforms and the we have got the data from the ambient noise.

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Ashish Kumar: From the different seismic stations and well as we had before we have done simulations of the synthetic waveforms.

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Ashish Kumar: And for that we have compared both the real data and the sensitive waveforms to compute the Cross core relation, efficient and the face daily, so the figure shows an example of the comparison of the real data with the synthetic wave forms.

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Ashish Kumar: Of the figure on the left, shows the special distribution of the empirical Greens functions that is computed our data in the study region.

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Ashish Kumar: And the right figure on the right, shows the sensitivity, Colonel.

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Ashish Kumar: Of the data in this table reason, so the spatial distribution of the data is pretty good, however, due to the lack of seismic stations along the eastern coast of the continent we do the coverage of the coverage of this especially coverage is.

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Ashish Kumar: competitively less in comparison to the central portion of this 30 reasons.

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Ashish Kumar: As our so after the inversion we have got the final model in the form of Shelby velocity a structure and.

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Ashish Kumar: In East Antarctica so this figure shows the isotopic share with us today structure perturbations in relation to the starting model in East and Africa at selected mental depth, so we have i've shown the shelbyville steel structure at four deaths that are.

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Ashish Kumar: into 47 kilometers so this model suggest significant our.

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Ashish Kumar: structures, we need the proposed our.

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Ashish Kumar: instructors that are gamburtsev circulation mountains transantarctic mountains with subglacial base in an arrow circulation basis.

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Ashish Kumar: So, if you look at the transantarctic mountains, we observed slow mental our velocities at all depths they suggest that the slow middle velocity are associated with the thermal anomalies that are due to the presence of.

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Ashish Kumar: West and our hot hot excellent atmospheric material due to the due to the presence of West Antarctic drip system.

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Ashish Kumar: We can observe that gamburtsev simulation mountains are associate are underlined by fast velocities So if you observe the color bar here the red color.

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Ashish Kumar: are associated with the slow velocities and nuclear are associated with the fast velocities so cumbersome simulation mountains are associated with fast velocity is that signify.

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Ashish Kumar: Take our and cold little sphere beneath the gamburtsev appalachian mountains, if we look at the Wilson glacial pace in the also observed the fast.

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Ashish Kumar: velocities been in the works of glacial pace in that suggests represents of thick and cold ethos fair similar to the.

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Ashish Kumar: Central East and Article it was featured in the region of a rural simulation based in we observed slow velocity and emily's that extend to nearly 250 kilometers depth that suggests the presence of.

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Ashish Kumar: Slow velocities that may be associated with the rise of hot esoteric material associated with the live system that created during the final separation of Eastern article with India and Australian Australia.

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Ashish Kumar: So, on the basis of.

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Ashish Kumar: The results from the demographic model.

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Ashish Kumar: My conclusion about the structures are.

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Ashish Kumar: The origin of transantarctic mountains are associated with the reflection of the East and Arctic a little sphere that are supported by the.

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Ashish Kumar: End load, as well as the thermal load associated with the vest and Arctic refuge system, the origin of the will subglacial pacing is also associated with the reflection of the.

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Ashish Kumar: Eastern tactically thoughts were and originated in conjunction with the uplift of the transantarctic mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: The origin of gamma six appalachian mountains are associated with the presence of thick little sphere, and therefore I suggest that the thick grass beneath the gas explosion mountain supports the high typography.

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Ashish Kumar: And we do not observe any significant evidence of lifting beneath the campus of simulation mountains, so we do not suggest that there, there is any road of.

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Ashish Kumar: Lifting in the upliftment of the gamber six appalachian mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: So, of the presence of slow velocity and emily's meaning the earth and glacial pace in suggest that there might be the hot astronauts.

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Ashish Kumar: astronauts phallic material and the upper mental reason that came up during that came up due to the presence of rift system.

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Ashish Kumar: That form during the final separation of Eastern article with Australia, so I suggested already our presence of origin of Revelation basing is associated with the lymph system that form during the final separation of Eastern.

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Ashish Kumar: So for this research, I would like to thank my advisor Dr Sam Hansen and other committee members, and also, I would like to thank the Department of geological sciences University of Alabama and National Science Foundation for the financial support of the project.

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Ashish Kumar: Thank you so much, I would like to take any quick questions.

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Lorraine Wolf: you're muted.

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rob.

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roberthawman: I had a brief question can you go back to one of your slides.

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Yes.

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roberthawman: It was the one year the beginning, showing the proposed model for the formation of the Is it the the birds F mountains.

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Ashish Kumar: This one.

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roberthawman: yeah okay yeah there's a lot of interesting stuff going on in there.

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roberthawman: Well, could you could you repeat what you said about that.

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roberthawman: about each stage yeah.

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Ashish Kumar: So this study was conducted in early to 2027 so this model suggest the upliftment of Denver since appalachian mountains and different stages so during the.

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Ashish Kumar: During the during the initial continental collisions or you can say the formation of super continents and the separation of supercontinent.

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Ashish Kumar: Initial take root form beneath the cameras of simulation mountains that form the initial high topography of nearly you can say one kilometer after that are.

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Ashish Kumar: During the Ross origami there was a subduction between the eastern and western going to one, but there was no significant effect of that on the.

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Ashish Kumar: topography of the gamber since appalachian mountains later during the end of the Jurassic period, or when there was a final separation of Eastern article with India and Australia that formed the rift system and, at the end of the day, if you can see, there is a flank.

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Ashish Kumar: Here, that that.

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Ashish Kumar: So that Lang Lang system cause the final upliftment of the gamber six appalachian mountain and and after the.

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Ashish Kumar: After the glassy legislation period that started doing the 24 million years ago the flu wheel and glacial a nose and provided.

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Ashish Kumar: provided more you can say provide more isostatic support to form the latest latest typography so that we observed now.

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roberthawman: So in.

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roberthawman: In a panel be on by the time you have that erosion, the root itself is fairly dense and then in panel see I think I remember how this works, then you're actually reheating the route and that helps that makes it more buoyant that contributes to the uplift in addition to the lifting.

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roberthawman: So you sort of have two things going on there.

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roberthawman: And then penalty that's really an interesting way to create typography you know you're rolling out these valleys so you're decreasing the average elevation but.

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roberthawman: In response to erosion of that material it's being uplifted and so you're actually the elevation of into individual pieces increasing, even as the average elevation is decreasing so it's kind of a neat way to explain, you know higher leaf in some of these very old mountain ranges.

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Ashish Kumar: yeah so inbound to be basically due to the erosion in some portion there is a decrease decrease in the topography, but.

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Ashish Kumar: The point where there is a maximum he knows and due to the that creates the crystal isostatic effects from the from the bottom and that.

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Ashish Kumar: isostatic effect for the for the cause don't implement in the topography.

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roberthawman: Right and and reheating the root, which was originally fairly dense that and that allows that uplift to happen it just doesn't sit there the mantle it actually is buoyant and as your road stuff on top it rises again.

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Ashish Kumar: yeah so.

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Ashish Kumar: You know when the when the drifting happened it caused the mechanical unloading of the hospital in some portion due to be there was a foundation of flag at the other end and that caused the for the upliftment of the mountain during the night Eastern topic articulate system.

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roberthawman: Right, so you sort of have it to two mechanisms going on at the same time reheating and then that outflank up with.

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roberthawman: that's really interesting.

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To.

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roberthawman: um I guess we're ready for the next Paper next presentation, and this is entitled appalachian basin analogs as a tool for understanding the geology of the Bering sea shelf.

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roberthawman: The authors are Gustavo martin's frank atkinson and Stig morton knutson and our speaker will be Gustavo martin's.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Can you guys hear me.

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Lorraine Wolf: Yes, we can hear you, you can share your screen.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Okay.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: alrighty.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: may start.

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roberthawman: you're good.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Okay, so thanks for the invitation, my name is Christina machines, I am a PhD candidate at the University of Kentucky and i'm going to present this work entitled appalachian base and analogs as a tool for understanding the job of the berenson shelf.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: This is part of my PhD research which still like on a very initial moment, and it has be supervised by Dr frank edinson here in Kentucky and it received funding and external cooperation for the Norwegian petroleum Directorate represented by doctors two more minutes.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: So this work is based on the following hypothesis that the tectonic strategic of the appalachian Beijing in the Jason instructor Tony cares.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: is very similar to the upper paleozoic to me the mesozoic tectonics photography they read in one of the Baron see shelf.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Hence the appalachian succession can be used as a large scale text on a certain graphic analog to that succession of the variances shelf.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: As a fun fact I formulated this hypothesis, while helping undergrad students with field work in Kentucky and took it to the university and they liked it does.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: highlighting the importance of investing field workforce and the important hypothesis, such as this, is that it can be used to understand frontier areas, it provides international cooperation and, of course, academic originality in the application.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: But you may be thinking, why do you use the appalachian area to compare with an air like the parents see shelf, which is located liking, the Arctic and things like that.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: yeah it's very surprising, but actually you would all be very surprised on how similar they can actually be an even people which doesn't have.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: geologic earth sciences background have been noticing this thing's believe or not.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: So, for instance, this is a random you know Internet for and I thought was very interesting that the person asks it is just me or are the URLs in Russia and, by the way the Barrett C sharp is inserted in the relevant setting.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: In the appalachian mountains, they were strangely similar so we don't really need to go through this but it's just to show that the similarities can be caught, even by people without the background like.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: as basic as these observations, can be like because of their age, they are heavily eroded and not particularly high topping up out around 2000 meters.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: as basic as as basic as this is it's a valid observation, so if we go to the study area more detail in here we have the Bering sea shelf, which is this very scary like area and the Eric has it in its margins, the countries of Norway here Russia.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: The North Atlantic in the Arctic Ocean, which should be around here, and although the shelf is mostly underwater it outcrops at svalbard which sparked Norway.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And friends heels of land in know via zoom archipelagos which are part of rush.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And even though there has been a lot of mean a lot of mineral resources and hydrocarbon exploration in this shelf.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: The geologists still largely unknown because it's very complicated the geographical position makes exploration very challenging.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: and lack of there, especially on the Russian side of the shelf, which is here can be quite a problem, so this is the importance of using analogs because it may help mitigating for this things.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: So, if we look at the structural framework of the variances shelf, here we can see that, besides it.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: decides the shelf being bordered by the countries and different oceans, it also boarded at this mar box margin by organic related lens in this case the your alliance with go from here, all the way to the south.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And we can see that, next to this organic related lands we see very large and deep data centers some of them elongated some of them not really.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And as we go West, we see that it becomes a puzzle of intricate tonic basins and platforms and even though we have not many Lena means being shown here, this is because this figure is oversimplified.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Because the history and tectonic events in the shelf is very, very complex, so in this figure, which is also very complex but i'm going to summarize it very quickly.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: We see some of the main events that were responsible for the creation of what the variances shelf is today.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And we can see that some of the important ones, is that the basement was consolidated in neoproterozoic cambrian during the so called team in an origin.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And it managed to consolidate half of the shelf, which is this, but if you go to the Western side you'll have Caledonian basements instead.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And, although we have the euro lights going on here this Araceli didn't manage to consolidate the basement of itself in the Bering sea shelf nevertheless is one.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: If not, the most important or rg for this tectonics critical from the shelf and we can also see the several micro continents and you know Siberia has extended be around here and the show how complex the evolution of this error really was.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: When we look at the appalachian area we see somehow similar features, we see large chronic areas there is a margin were several origin is you know.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: persistently happened let's say there is that the creation of along the Center which the fall and Beijing and as we go West we have this deep circling trucker tonic basis and if.

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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: let's say, generally speaking, you will consider the watchtower mountains, maybe to some extent part of the appalachian erogenous, then we can also think on a matter of this several.

305
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: basis and platforms towards the West, so when we put this to heirs, together, we can see actually what it seems to be eye catching similarity so.

306
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: We have.

307
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Large crotona area large credit tonic area, we have a margin, where origins happen, the same thing here.

308
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: We have huge epicenters adjacent to it the same here and we have a mosaic of patients and platforms, the same way as in here.

309
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: But can we observe this in cross section in perhaps in a more like middle range scale so let's try, if we look at this section of the appalachians.

310
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And this section of the barons issue of, we can see first looking at the appalachian area that we have an urgent built.

311
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: For lambasting abodes the Cincinnati arch in the adjacent intercut tonic Illinois basin, which is the dinar base, moreover, we can see the progress.

312
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: of a series of strata graphic packages which eventually overfill the Beijing and pro greats into the interconnect tonic base.

313
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: When we compare with the variances shelf, we have very similar geometries and elements, so we have an origin, we have a foreign Beijing what it appears to be a boat and we have an instructor to Beijing and.

314
00:53:28.640 --> 00:53:39.050
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: So, because of the similarities it's very desirable to apply the appalachian Beijing models as an unlocked the Baron see shelf because.

315
00:53:39.800 --> 00:53:47.630
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Many of them are based in later satiric why wine, the bear and see, although they have their share of little static graphic models.

316
00:53:48.020 --> 00:53:54.710
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: They are mostly based in geophysics like size and friends, therefore, any type of contribution.

317
00:53:55.070 --> 00:54:04.130
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: of little study graphic contribution can be helped any one of them, that has been very successful in the IT successful in the air pollution, air is the text of phase model.

318
00:54:04.910 --> 00:54:13.610
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: In which it represents the strategy graphic response of a for us for lens threat the graphic response after an origin posts.

319
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: In this cycle can be larger explained by Quinlan belmont 1984 the neocon model which says that if we apply the informational load the crust will.

320
00:54:24.710 --> 00:54:35.720
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Actually respond in the form and this this information or load advances towards the Creator, the for land and the integrator tonic Beijing May.

321
00:54:36.170 --> 00:54:45.470
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: interfere with each other and eventually made merge, or in other words yo if this happens, literally just from here can come to hear.

322
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Usually the psychos marked by a base on conformity black shadows, which marks that the formation of loading flourished like segments with marks the loading type relaxation and equilibrium of the origin.

323
00:54:59.090 --> 00:55:04.520
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And more last type segments, which marks the unloading type relaxation in heavy rotation of the origin.

324
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And this section section in the appalachians shows the cycles very well in which will have based on confined to black shapes flesh molars.

325
00:55:14.990 --> 00:55:26.540
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Based on conformed to black shoes fish fish molars in this represents tech two phases, or in other words, take on tectonics photographic responses to our agenda posts.

326
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And they open that I just mentioned, if you look at this blue shaded here represents the migration of the utica show from the four lanes to the intricate tonic basie.

327
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And it's intensified by the young game of the base of unconformity and the young, of the black shapes and this is very important if we're talking about patrol and geology play mapping play fairway mapping and things like that.

328
00:55:52.250 --> 00:56:04.310
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: But does this exist in the Bering sea shelf so in here we have what is called a random succession, this is pre reading this is related to the open of the Atlantic and actually we do.

329
00:56:04.820 --> 00:56:21.980
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: This section represents this line here this little line and, if you look at eastern areas of the section, we see a typical for land like succession with based on conformity black shales flourish and molars and eventually.

330
00:56:22.940 --> 00:56:32.000
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: The the base of unconfirmed young's, and so the black shales and all the foreign succession migrate toward westward areas.

331
00:56:32.540 --> 00:56:40.940
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: and eventually the blade the succession is kept by up upper unconformity, then we have again black shares flourish molars unconformity.

332
00:56:41.270 --> 00:56:47.900
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: course classics but then you may be asking where's the black shadows here then wire name these attacks have face.

333
00:56:48.290 --> 00:56:57.110
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: This is because this is analogous to delegate and urging and, if you look at the succession of the appalachian Beijing you see that there is no black shells why.

334
00:56:57.560 --> 00:57:07.040
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Because this represents content content collision in this in the case of the variances shelf is the coalition of Siberia with body.

335
00:57:08.090 --> 00:57:28.220
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And why this is named your alien in Novi assembly innovation, this is because, as they rarely in closed from South to North, we have the main organic events at the south, which are the reading, but the final events happened only here in the Novi examiner and that's why November Novi ISM.

336
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: If we compare, for instance, with a succession of the appalachian area, we see that Cindy very similar because, once we have the foreign Beijing being in.

337
00:57:40.430 --> 00:57:55.160
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: i'm sorry, once we have the foreign Beijing appearing here, then we have an enrichment in black shelves, we see all the several legal tech two phases black shadows flourish molars and so on, representing origin poses.

338
00:57:55.640 --> 00:58:05.510
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: and eventually when we reach here we have the URL again and collision and that's why the absence of black shales does marketing content content collusion collision.

339
00:58:07.580 --> 00:58:16.880
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: In this chart here, which is currently the the chart adopted by the Norwegian patrolling Directorate, which should be this pink line here.

340
00:58:17.720 --> 00:58:25.400
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: We see that it's although very simple and clean chart and one can make all sorts of discussions and conclusions of great.

341
00:58:26.090 --> 00:58:34.190
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: It shows perfectly and clearly one of the pitfalls in a work in this area, because the chart neglect the eastern air.

342
00:58:34.760 --> 00:58:44.780
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And by neglecting the eastern area and taken away the organic influence special once you reduce the scale of your study you're risking.

343
00:58:45.740 --> 00:58:53.390
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: misinterpreting like specially petroleum systems and patrolling place which may be dependent on what is happening here.

344
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Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: But sometimes we actually don't have a choice because if you don't have data for instance from the Russian side.

345
00:58:59.570 --> 00:59:19.850
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: They don't have data from the Russian side, what can you do so, one options of solutions, for that would be applying an analog a large scale analog like the appalachian base, because then this would give you the big figure, the big picture, without much dependence on this side let's see.

346
00:59:21.380 --> 00:59:33.800
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And once we look at the full chart of the Bering sea shelf, which represents this North and area line here this South central area in this South and most.

347
00:59:34.490 --> 00:59:43.160
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: line, so we have the North and section here the south central section here in the south or most section here.

348
00:59:43.730 --> 00:59:54.740
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: We can see that this tech two phases are identified across the whole shelf, but you may ask Oh well, but I don't see this orange and black tech two phases in here.

349
00:59:55.280 --> 01:00:07.190
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: This is because, as our you read in or origin was closing from South to North, as I mentioned before we have the main or a gigantic events happening from South to North.

350
01:00:07.700 --> 01:00:20.360
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: But eventually when they are localized innovators and, as I mentioned here, it affects the central area, the North and there's but not the South and most errors or at least not significantly.

351
01:00:20.960 --> 01:00:28.640
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And therefore, this shows how the tech to face model in the appalachian days and used as an analog to the variances shelf.

352
01:00:29.150 --> 01:00:42.470
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: allows us us to predict and make make all kinds of interpretations of tectonic timing of strata graphic response and, consequently, the distribution of the tron systems petroleum place.

353
01:00:42.830 --> 01:00:56.180
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: That room system elements in all kinds of things so as conclusion, we could say that analogs between the appalachian area in the Baron seashells exists on a large scale.

354
01:00:56.630 --> 01:01:05.090
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Visa graphic to structure in medium scale strata graphic levels both areas reflects tectonic responses to the closure of an ocean.

355
01:01:05.450 --> 01:01:23.030
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Involving first subduction type erogenous followed by a final political event in both areas this photography reflects cyclic responses detected isn't as unconfirmed bound technically sucks so thank you very much and questions, if I can answer them.

356
01:01:37.430 --> 01:01:38.990
Lorraine Wolf: Questions for speaker.

357
01:01:43.310 --> 01:01:53.870
roberthawman: You had just one kind of question you had pointed out the similarities between the year olds in the appalachians and one other important similarity is that both.

358
01:01:54.800 --> 01:02:06.980
roberthawman: The year olds and the Western most part of the appalachians the blue Ridge province anyway i've experienced very limited extension and that explains the persistence of that crystal route.

359
01:02:08.210 --> 01:02:20.570
roberthawman: The route beneath the Euros is actually kind of interesting it's offset from the highest elevations, though, as opposed to the appalachians for the two are pretty much coincidence, but the similarities are pretty interesting.

360
01:02:29.300 --> 01:02:31.310
Lorraine Wolf: The questions we still have a couple of minutes.

361
01:02:32.000 --> 01:02:44.450
Arthur Merschat: I have a question acoustic so do the Euros also or not, the euros, but the Bering sea bass and does it also have the appalachians you were looking at our technical phases it's actually three different Roger Nice.

362
01:02:45.440 --> 01:02:50.930
Arthur Merschat: We do the vibrancy do you also see need multiple Roger needs, or is it a neoproterozoic.

363
01:02:52.040 --> 01:03:01.160
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Okay, the problem with the Baron say shelf, is that you have several origin is happening different areas of the shelf, like, for instance.

364
01:03:01.580 --> 01:03:12.500
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: You have the rail and in the East and the Caledonia let's say in the West, so when you're analyzing this several like origin is energetic events that happened there.

365
01:03:12.830 --> 01:03:27.710
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: One needs to be very careful in order to pick up the right one and understanding how the provenance of the resulting tectonic certificate will look and especially because you may have chronic influence as well.

366
01:03:28.220 --> 01:03:35.030
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And this is actually one of the main challenges they are very important, because once they do size and analysis.

367
01:03:35.420 --> 01:03:42.230
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: Many of these nuances like these unconformity is and these things are below the size and resolution.

368
01:03:42.770 --> 01:04:00.320
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: And that's why by using the text of phases and go into the outcrop areas, it may be possible to identify this at outcrop level and then from there, we can transfer like to the size and in the end, we will be able to recognize this one or more events.

369
01:04:01.490 --> 01:04:02.960
Gustavo De Aguiar Martins: In a more precise way.

370
01:04:12.830 --> 01:04:15.020
Lorraine Wolf: And you any other quick questions for speaker.

371
01:04:31.070 --> 01:04:33.920
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, I guess we'll move on to our last speaker rock.

372
01:04:34.220 --> 01:04:34.640
Okay.

373
01:04:35.840 --> 01:04:46.130
roberthawman: Our last talk for this part of this session is seismic faces for how geophysics helps shape submerged Paleo landscape studies, the Gulf of Mexico.

374
01:04:47.480 --> 01:04:49.640
roberthawman: And this is being presented by urban garrison.

375
01:05:11.420 --> 01:05:12.560
Lorraine Wolf: you're muted still.

376
01:05:33.350 --> 01:05:33.920
egarriso: Okay.

377
01:05:35.570 --> 01:05:36.560
Lorraine Wolf: Can you share your screen.

378
01:05:36.800 --> 01:05:37.130
No.

379
01:05:40.520 --> 01:05:43.940
egarriso: And I mean that sincerely, I cannot share my screen.

380
01:05:44.270 --> 01:05:44.480
Lorraine Wolf: here.

381
01:05:44.930 --> 01:05:47.720
Lorraine Wolf: You don't see a green share screen on the bottom of your.

382
01:05:47.720 --> 01:05:52.610
egarriso: zoom no no it's me Lorraine something's happened to my computer.

383
01:05:54.680 --> 01:06:01.820
egarriso: And i'm doing my best to see if I can get something working here hang on never fear will get this thing.

384
01:06:06.200 --> 01:06:09.950
egarriso: I think i've mastered it okay everybody i'm sorry for the.

385
01:06:12.260 --> 01:06:12.860
egarriso: delay.

386
01:06:19.370 --> 01:06:21.410
egarriso: Alright, how we doing everybody see that.

387
01:06:22.640 --> 01:06:38.030
egarriso: Good good all right, I apologize i'm urban garrison and university of Georgia, and I just wanted to preface this by saying we're going to leave the realm of seconds and go to the realm of milliseconds because.

388
01:06:38.990 --> 01:06:54.590
egarriso: This is more shallow geophysics than it is deep to physics and I, let me say first that I am a do archaeologist who uses geophysics to scan for evidence of both humans and.

389
01:06:55.370 --> 01:07:11.480
egarriso: GEO biology so and I work on the outer continental shelf so i'm more marine than I am anything else, and this presentation is more a critique of methodology than it is a.

390
01:07:13.550 --> 01:07:37.880
egarriso: Promotion of any kind of technology, this is a review more than it is anything else but i'd like to give you some background, as to how the outer continental shelf has been studied over the last 40 years and what we have learned from our mistakes and our.

391
01:07:38.960 --> 01:07:39.620
egarriso: Use of.

392
01:07:40.730 --> 01:07:45.110
egarriso: geophysical techniques on the outer continental shelf so.

393
01:07:46.190 --> 01:07:48.410
egarriso: let's see if I can get this thing rolling.

394
01:07:49.670 --> 01:07:51.140
egarriso: Alright, so.

395
01:07:52.550 --> 01:08:11.210
egarriso: i'm going to talk about seismic faces, which is a very well known concept in geology where we use seismic data, basically, in an effort to create a methodological analog between the geophysical and the geology.

396
01:08:12.410 --> 01:08:20.870
egarriso: And this is sometimes called the geophysical sleight of hand, but when you don't have any geological data.

397
01:08:21.590 --> 01:08:32.090
egarriso: to back it up you better stick with what you've got, which is that you have physical data and on the outer continental shelf, we have lot more do physical data than we have geological data.

398
01:08:33.980 --> 01:08:53.480
egarriso: So this presentation i'm really going to look at the efficacy of the approach and just to review how it has shaped in the search and characterization of submerged prehistoric landscapes so and and any cultural or paleontological resources there upon.

399
01:08:54.500 --> 01:08:54.890
egarriso: So.

400
01:08:56.300 --> 01:09:19.430
egarriso: The sea floor in the Gulf of Mexico and on their other shells hides evidence of prehistoric land forms because why well sea level is a transient thing, and it has submerged what basically our coaster planes and these coastal planes have been submerged for been exposed for millennia.

401
01:09:20.690 --> 01:09:23.960
egarriso: In the area where I study, mostly in the door divide.

402
01:09:25.130 --> 01:09:50.330
egarriso: The so called down or continental shelf was exposed for almost 30 millennia from 38,000 years up to four 4000 years ago, so it was more dry land that it was see in the late pies to see, so the outer continental shelf with the Gulf of Mexico shares the same kind of history, so.

403
01:09:52.040 --> 01:09:55.940
egarriso: archaeological and paleontological sites associated with these.

404
01:09:56.960 --> 01:10:19.070
egarriso: Ground land forms generally do not have enough vertical dimension or acoustical contrast that they can be really differentiated from naturally occurring sediment biological sequences even with the best high resolution seismic profilers a just don't jump out at the data so.

405
01:10:20.930 --> 01:10:33.320
egarriso: We then have approach the actual the problem using physical sampling of these land forms and attempts to characterize them.

406
01:10:33.860 --> 01:11:00.980
egarriso: And I say has this been done, yes, it has been done twice in two major studies, one in the middle 1980s and then again another in the early 2000s, these are the only two, I would say, large scale big science kinds of studies on the continental shelf aimed at this particular objective so.

407
01:11:02.090 --> 01:11:14.390
egarriso: Ah let's look at just one and I call this the CEI study it's the coastal environment Inc a large environmental firm.

408
01:11:15.650 --> 01:11:40.430
egarriso: based in baton rouge and the principal investigator of the study which was of the drone Paleo Sabine river was a uga graduate by the name of Dr Charles Pearson and Charlie as he's known has shared a lot of this data with me and I want to give him a shout out before I go any further.

409
01:11:41.600 --> 01:11:43.280
egarriso: Must the.

410
01:11:44.750 --> 01:12:01.220
egarriso: The mat the two geophysical methods of choice for the saving study was a 3.5 kilo hertz bottom profile or, which is the instrument of choice on most of these continental shelf.

411
01:12:01.760 --> 01:12:19.580
egarriso: Studies, they also use the nori model 140 pinger which gives you a little bit more depth and a little less resolution, if you look at this slide and you're basically looking at the pinger data, and you can see, on the right, it gives you a very detailed.

412
01:12:21.200 --> 01:12:44.330
egarriso: sequence of sedimentary strata that border the saving river here, and then you leave up on to some buried terraces and that again he have another side channel which would a tributary which probably communicated with the saving somewhere down here, so you have and then.

413
01:12:46.220 --> 01:12:55.160
egarriso: What you have, then, are the actual physical sampling of these straighter using viper course so i'm.

414
01:12:56.390 --> 01:13:03.710
egarriso: In in this we're really trying to determine what the seismic facie really are.

415
01:13:04.940 --> 01:13:08.570
egarriso: And the don't go into the.

416
01:13:09.740 --> 01:13:31.850
egarriso: Secret sequence to trigger fee history there but there's a good there's a good strong geological history in translating what we see in these size maker pinger records into something that is geological and then the proof of the pudding is to sample lows.

417
01:13:33.110 --> 01:13:47.240
egarriso: straight up and see exactly what they mean well this is how you symbolism you use fiber coring are you can use piston coring, but you have to have a long reach to get to some of these.

418
01:13:47.960 --> 01:13:58.370
egarriso: straight up, and this is the ones that CEI used, and they were able to extract 10 meter plus course which were then.

419
01:14:00.140 --> 01:14:16.490
egarriso: evaluated in a standard format, where you would then study the susceptibility you would then take pollen samples, you will take you would study the mineralogy of the deposits and make a.

420
01:14:17.780 --> 01:14:23.180
egarriso: You know, a synthesis of this and say Okay, this is what the straighter look like.

421
01:14:24.500 --> 01:14:24.890
egarriso: So.

422
01:14:26.450 --> 01:14:35.600
egarriso: unconformity is form due to transgressions and regressions, we know that and it erodes land surfaces that may.

423
01:14:36.530 --> 01:14:49.370
egarriso: be of interest to us in terms of pre history, so the conundrum is it's better to bury these surfaces and then to have them exposed on the sea floor where you have dynamic.

424
01:14:50.360 --> 01:15:03.590
egarriso: Events going on all the time, but if you bury the things, then you have to rely on geophysics to detect them and then you have to sample them using settlement coring is one of the techniques so.

425
01:15:05.810 --> 01:15:18.860
egarriso: shallow seismic profiling, followed by settlement coring has been the protocol of choice, it has been the ruling paradigm, if you will, since the 1980s.

426
01:15:20.630 --> 01:15:29.870
egarriso: And I wanted to quote them manda Evans, who did the 2014 study and it's a long quote but bear with me.

427
01:15:30.890 --> 01:15:44.300
egarriso: On the outer on the Gulf of Mexico northwestern outer continental show only two previous studies have been conducted for archaeological testing of submerged landscape and that would be CEI and then Evans herself.

428
01:15:44.810 --> 01:15:52.820
egarriso: In these two studies have come combine number 106 sentiment cores, ranging from six to 12 meters in length.

429
01:15:54.710 --> 01:16:07.010
egarriso: And sample on a 10 centimeter split basis the they represent a surface area of point eight square meters of the outer continental so you know.

430
01:16:07.730 --> 01:16:22.280
egarriso: So if you translated that into the modern cultural resource management world where most evaluation of land forms and landscapes is done with simple shovel test.

431
01:16:22.790 --> 01:16:41.330
egarriso: And you say, well, the average several test is covers so much point 07 square meters, if you take the hundred and six sediment course you've done about the equivalent of 12 shovel task now, this is going to get even more interesting because.

432
01:16:43.580 --> 01:16:52.130
egarriso: When we think about ground routing seismic faces that's why model much of an area that's not much of a sample.

433
01:16:53.390 --> 01:17:07.400
egarriso: And in today's world we have the our British colleagues and and in Europe, they are using the same seismic faces methodology to study a very.

434
01:17:08.180 --> 01:17:22.340
egarriso: important area in the southern dorsey which is called dog or lamb, which again like our continental shelf was exposed for millennia, and on that on those landscapes were both animals and humans so.

435
01:17:23.540 --> 01:17:29.000
egarriso: they're using dredging they're using bottom grounds but they're using sediment coring, just as we did.

436
01:17:30.350 --> 01:17:30.740
egarriso: Now.

437
01:17:31.970 --> 01:17:34.310
egarriso: what's The upshot of all.

438
01:17:35.600 --> 01:17:38.210
egarriso: we've applied the tech the methodology.

439
01:17:39.260 --> 01:17:48.920
egarriso: emmons and Keith are very negative about the results on our continental shelf, they said after four decades of regulatory compliance serving assessments.

440
01:17:49.250 --> 01:18:06.980
egarriso: Know definity prehistoric archaeological sites have been no man being identified on the outer continent so i'm not totally in agreement with Evans and key I think the results of the CEI studied demonstrated that they could detect.

441
01:18:08.360 --> 01:18:21.320
egarriso: What are anthropogenic deposits within these within at least two sites that they sample so Okay, so you get to archaeological sites out of 40 years of work.

442
01:18:23.270 --> 01:18:23.750
egarriso: So.

443
01:18:24.860 --> 01:18:35.660
egarriso: Our ground testing of seismic faces has then been very, very limited, and we have been we've had to maintain our continued reliance.

444
01:18:36.230 --> 01:18:58.820
egarriso: On the conceptual using of seismic face each interpret congenital geophysical record and therefore guide our studies are hope for studies of Barry landscapes and potentially any prehistoric evidence of humans or animals on those landscapes So in conclusion.

445
01:19:00.140 --> 01:19:13.310
egarriso: I just wanted to point out that use of this conceptual method has been has really shaped our studies of the submerged pre history of the otter continental show.

446
01:19:14.090 --> 01:19:32.960
egarriso: And I do agree with one thing that amanda Evans and her colleague Keith said that the northwestern Gulf of Mexico ocs contains about 38,000,660 hundred thousand 700 acres.

447
01:19:33.800 --> 01:19:53.330
egarriso: or a little over 15 million hectares that's a huge area and I pointed out that the physical sampling of this huge area amounts to about point eight square meters in area so.

448
01:19:54.560 --> 01:20:02.120
egarriso: What we as archaeologist and paleontologist who studied the Marine.

449
01:20:03.200 --> 01:20:12.200
egarriso: We are left with volumes of these seismic records thanks to what amanda has called thousand miles valuable later.

450
01:20:13.280 --> 01:20:27.140
egarriso: And from those records, we have we have had to construct seismic bases as a heuristic to construct buried submerged landscapes we've had to that's all we've gone.

451
01:20:28.760 --> 01:20:29.360
egarriso: to thank you.

452
01:20:36.140 --> 01:20:37.100
egarriso: How are we doing on time.

453
01:20:38.270 --> 01:20:41.060
roberthawman: we're doing really well any questions.

454
01:20:45.950 --> 01:20:47.690
roberthawman: hey I got a question.

455
01:20:48.110 --> 01:20:48.470
egarriso: sure.

456
01:20:48.710 --> 01:20:51.800
roberthawman: So if you compare this to work on land.

457
01:20:54.200 --> 01:20:56.180
roberthawman: In your experience in the southeast.

458
01:20:57.920 --> 01:21:04.940
roberthawman: Would you characterize archaeological sites has been highly localized or pretty much a uniform across the landscape.

459
01:21:05.900 --> 01:21:10.580
egarriso: Pretty localized I think one one thing I didn't highlight was.

460
01:21:12.320 --> 01:21:26.960
egarriso: What are easy to see in seismic data are buried river valleys and strange and that's what the coastal environment study demonstrated they focused on these.

461
01:21:27.650 --> 01:21:40.670
egarriso: river valleys and terraces knowing full well that you would find the highest probability of any kind of prehistoric occupation on those don't go looking in the.

462
01:21:41.180 --> 01:21:50.330
egarriso: deal go don't go looking outside the valley so much as inside the valleys, or at least on the near the floodplain So yes, they're highly localized.

463
01:21:50.690 --> 01:22:03.080
roberthawman: Right, but if you're if you conduct this kind of study on land what percentage of a given river valley would yield archaeological data or artifacts.

464
01:22:03.860 --> 01:22:05.870
roberthawman: mean are you looking at a vanishingly small.

465
01:22:08.330 --> 01:22:09.230
egarriso: Actually, not.

466
01:22:11.360 --> 01:22:11.930
egarriso: My timer.

467
01:22:13.370 --> 01:22:22.940
egarriso: Actually, not the prevalence of of archaeological materials up and down a river valley is pretty.

468
01:22:24.140 --> 01:22:24.770
egarriso: Almost.

469
01:22:25.970 --> 01:22:37.430
egarriso: I wouldn't say evenly distributed, but I would not, if I walked a kilometer along the accounting, for instance, and I couldn't find something i'd be surprised.

470
01:22:38.570 --> 01:22:40.910
egarriso: They really were magnets for.

471
01:22:42.050 --> 01:22:56.870
egarriso: Human and animals to gather courses water, and so I think what's happened over the thousands and thousands of years, you know sites weren't reoccupy but the the River valley itself was reoccupied.

472
01:22:57.620 --> 01:23:03.050
roberthawman: But if you poke holes every kilometer What would the chances be of actually recovering anything.

473
01:23:03.950 --> 01:23:15.680
egarriso: vanishingly small, because then you're going to have to say, look you're going to have to punch holes about every 10 meters or least every 30 meters to have any luck at all for instance Okay, let me give an example.

474
01:23:16.130 --> 01:23:31.790
egarriso: Most prehistoric archaeological sites in the southeast are about 30 meters across that's that's early say eight 9000 years ago, and if you were sampling on a 30 meter interval.

475
01:23:33.350 --> 01:23:38.840
egarriso: He might just miss those things, so you do have to close down your sampling interval.

476
01:23:40.400 --> 01:23:47.420
egarriso: to at least 510 meters to have any shot at all of locating these things.

477
01:23:48.710 --> 01:23:50.000
egarriso: Good question, though, thank you.

478
01:23:53.330 --> 01:24:01.490
David's iPad (4): yeah this is Dave russ with usgs and if memory high if memory serves, and I might be a little fuzzy here it's been a while.

479
01:24:02.150 --> 01:24:12.500
David's iPad (4): I believe some of our folks that have woods hole doing kind of a combination that the metric surveying high resolution multi beam and even seafloor photography that we have seen.

480
01:24:12.860 --> 01:24:27.470
David's iPad (4): A few times archaeological features on the slope off the Atlantic seaboard as well as in Lake Michigan and I don't know the rest, I don't know the references anymore off the top, but I believe i've been told this by my Center director up there.

481
01:24:31.100 --> 01:24:40.100
egarriso: i'm not totally familiar with what what holds up to, but I do know what's going on in the lakes and that would be john o'shea's work and lake huron and.

482
01:24:41.480 --> 01:24:56.390
egarriso: john's got a really great area to work he doesn't have a lot of sediment and the the features that he is looking at our basically.

483
01:24:57.590 --> 01:24:58.460
egarriso: prehistoric.

484
01:24:59.990 --> 01:25:00.770
egarriso: shelters.

485
01:25:02.060 --> 01:25:10.160
egarriso: or blinds that were used by caribou hunters and they also these caribou hunters would line up low rock walls for.

486
01:25:10.580 --> 01:25:28.340
egarriso: to drive the caribou along obviously caribou don't know how to step over a low rockwall very well, but these have been demonstrated by that work and it's really been easy to want not easy, but he wants, you know what you're looking at you certainly can see them.

487
01:25:29.450 --> 01:25:32.750
egarriso: I don't know what what's old is doing and I Maybe I should.

488
01:25:42.560 --> 01:25:44.330
Lorraine Wolf: Other questions for the speaker.

489
01:25:47.960 --> 01:25:48.770
egarriso: Thank you guys.

490
01:25:49.760 --> 01:26:02.210
Lorraine Wolf: Okay um we have a 10 minute break session scheduled, but we i'd like first to open up the floor to any speaker or any.

491
01:26:02.840 --> 01:26:19.580
Lorraine Wolf: attendee that would like to ask any of our speakers any further questions that you didn't get a chance to to ask, and if not, you can meet us back here at 305 So if you have to go get your cup your afternoon cup of coffee.

492
01:26:21.770 --> 01:26:27.080
Lorraine Wolf: I guarantee you won't need it because the talks that are coming up are going to be so exciting but.

493
01:26:29.720 --> 01:26:32.330
Lorraine Wolf: Anyway, you're welcome to ask further questions or.

494
01:26:33.710 --> 01:26:36.710
Lorraine Wolf: Or take a break and we'll meet again at 305.

495
01:26:41.450 --> 01:26:42.110
Steve Godfrey: Can you hear me.

496
01:26:43.160 --> 01:26:44.150
Lorraine Wolf: Yes, we can hear you.

497
01:26:44.780 --> 01:26:53.420
Steve Godfrey: I am curious in your work if you've looked at, not just tributaries but the confluence of tributaries which would seem to.

498
01:26:53.420 --> 01:26:59.810
Steve Godfrey: Be more likely to prove a gathering spot for people, animals, etc.

499
01:27:01.550 --> 01:27:12.800
Steve Godfrey: I don't know, again, I will be data reliant you know, can you even find an area to identify those things that have you focused on not just tributaries but confluence isn't tributaries at all.

500
01:27:13.310 --> 01:27:20.330
egarriso: yeah so that's that's a good point the the confluence areas tend to have a higher concentration of.

501
01:27:22.730 --> 01:27:24.050
egarriso: sites and and.

502
01:27:25.220 --> 01:27:39.170
egarriso: I didn't I didn't point that out, but we tried to do that one of the problems we've had with our data and we've been running some bottom data on the Atlantic Shell is.

503
01:27:40.280 --> 01:27:43.580
egarriso: We have so many conferences.

504
01:27:44.870 --> 01:27:51.710
egarriso: Which is surprising you don't see that many on the Gulf shelf, as you do, on the least in Georgia, we have a.

505
01:27:52.790 --> 01:28:03.530
egarriso: We have a whole very active tributary system mastering system that you can't seem to go anywhere can't run a line without running across several.

506
01:28:05.270 --> 01:28:08.960
egarriso: channels and that I have found a couple of conferences.

507
01:28:10.970 --> 01:28:11.210
So.

508
01:28:15.170 --> 01:28:25.310
Steve Godfrey: I suppose another problem too, and you look at a modern analogy for things to get tossed along our rivers, sadly, in modern times or or durable things.

509
01:28:25.940 --> 01:28:41.750
Steve Godfrey: plastics metals things that are going to go away right i'm not sure what exactly you look for you mentioned exotic shells etc of it must be terribly difficult, just as nice things a lesser or reducing environment or something or simply going to decompose all right.

510
01:28:42.530 --> 01:28:53.210
egarriso: I didn't show any of our fines and i'm i'm sorry that I didn't that we only had 17 minutes but we've we've found we found quite a few fossil.

511
01:28:54.350 --> 01:28:57.380
egarriso: And we found some work fossils which.

512
01:28:59.390 --> 01:29:05.600
egarriso: Is is interesting than a basically a stone in bone world out there.

513
01:29:06.860 --> 01:29:15.890
egarriso: And, of course, the first thing I learned, when I was in Grad school is that organics don't survive on the in the marine environment so.

514
01:29:16.640 --> 01:29:35.630
egarriso: One of my students picked up a piece of wood and asked if she should bag it and I thought, no, no, no, you know bag that it's just it's recent we took it back and we gave just out of just out of fun, we gave it to her as people to to run through it and.

515
01:29:36.710 --> 01:29:39.950
egarriso: I had to eat my words, the thing was 48,000 years old.

516
01:29:43.910 --> 01:29:52.250
egarriso: And it was not a species that's indigenous to the area in the southeast now it's only found in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean.

517
01:29:55.490 --> 01:30:06.080
Steve Godfrey: Honestly, it strikes me as amazing define anything just going on with five records on that lot of spacing it's truly be better miss, even if you have suspicions of a civilization.

518
01:30:07.460 --> 01:30:12.680
egarriso: I agree wholeheartedly i'm not, I think the we were.

519
01:30:15.080 --> 01:30:16.610
egarriso: fiber core is worthy.

520
01:30:17.630 --> 01:30:20.150
egarriso: we're suggesting and we've used them.

521
01:30:21.530 --> 01:30:43.880
egarriso: i'm not a big fan of them hi i'm trying to develop a new protocol that nsf thankfully has funded, but the pandemic has been slowed us down on applying we're using scour features on the continental show up to see if they can't do the digging for us.

522
01:30:54.200 --> 01:30:57.140
roberthawman: Or, and I suggest we go ahead and take at least a five minute break.

523
01:31:09.530 --> 01:31:01.000
Lorraine Wolf: If the car, could you put up the screensaver again, please, yes, well, we take a break.

524
01:31:01.001 --> 01:31:01.000
Lorraine Wolf: Or is it still wrong but.

525
01:31:01.510 --> 01:31:04.240
Iftekhar Alam: i'm going to do the four dot poster poster.

526
01:31:04.510 --> 01:31:17.260
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, so it's still wrong you're ready to start them, I just want to remind everybody if you have a question to ask you can just put in the chat that you have a question and we'll make sure that we unmute you.

527
01:31:18.310 --> 01:31:20.200
Lorraine Wolf: Otherwise let's go ahead and start.

528
01:31:22.720 --> 01:31:32.950
roberthawman: Okay, our next presentation is entitled interpretation of Lehman some faults your somerville South Carolina USA using lidar data.

529
01:31:33.580 --> 01:31:45.580
roberthawman: implications for the cause of the 1886 charleston South Carolina earthquake new authors are Ronald marple and James heard and rattle marple will be giving the presentation.

530
01:32:09.700 --> 01:32:10.900
ronmarple: Okay, can everyone hear me.

531
01:32:11.740 --> 01:32:13.510
Lorraine Wolf: We can hear you, you can share your screen.

532
01:32:19.990 --> 01:32:22.690
ronmarple: Alright, so this topics basically.

533
01:32:23.770 --> 01:32:32.500
ronmarple: Nothing another investigation of the 1886 charleston South Carolina earthquake which has been calls, which has been so elusive.

534
01:32:34.000 --> 01:32:50.590
ronmarple: Just a brief background, it was the largest Eastern us earthquake historically magnitude estimates 6.9 7.3 Kurt on August 31 late at night killed over 100 deaths.

535
01:32:51.610 --> 01:32:54.850
ronmarple: caused a lot of liquefaction especially 10 blows.

536
01:32:56.170 --> 01:33:10.900
ronmarple: Many hypotheses of alluded to earlier, but still the causes known thought to have been at least two faults that ruptured the initial main shock was the largest for about eight minutes later by.

537
01:33:12.010 --> 01:33:16.540
ronmarple: A less powerful shock talk to be from south of summer Western charleston.

538
01:33:17.770 --> 01:33:24.730
ronmarple: Use location of the study study area and volunteers also saw schools and felt over a very large area.

539
01:33:27.550 --> 01:33:43.810
ronmarple: Some background on the area somerville up here in the upper left charleston to be off the image diagram to the right the Gray up here the Gray area up here in the upper left is the area that's top of graphically elevated well known.

540
01:33:46.180 --> 01:33:51.760
ronmarple: The instrument we recorded micro seismicity shown below the small black box.

541
01:33:53.260 --> 01:34:07.660
ronmarple: Some of the interpretive map faults shown as these black lines, most notably the Woodstock fault part of these calls fault system somerville fault here perfect fault McConville fault.

542
01:34:08.710 --> 01:34:10.510
ronmarple: And the charleston folk.

543
01:34:11.980 --> 01:34:12.550
ronmarple: One other.

544
01:34:14.320 --> 01:34:18.310
ronmarple: Item esteem domes several domes have been mapped in the area.

545
01:34:21.940 --> 01:34:36.850
ronmarple: geologic setting in the coastal plain where it's underlined by very fixed sediments up to a calendar thick as you approach to coast, which is probably it's probably the biggest reason why.

546
01:34:38.440 --> 01:34:42.880
ronmarple: The cause of the earthquake has been so elusive false.

547
01:34:44.020 --> 01:34:46.180
ronmarple: gretel falls down in the Christian basement.

548
01:34:47.200 --> 01:34:51.880
ronmarple: Thought to not talk too brittle a break, to the surface.

549
01:34:53.560 --> 01:35:02.500
ronmarple: Okay, as far as a lot our data was uploaded from the south cloud and part of natural resources, resolutions okay about three meters.

550
01:35:02.980 --> 01:35:12.700
ronmarple: And hero other crammers that we used illumination angle it we very the illumination angle, depending on what what the orientation of the future was that we're trying.

551
01:35:13.810 --> 01:35:14.860
ronmarple: To studying.

552
01:35:16.630 --> 01:35:20.860
ronmarple: Here is a lot our image over the summer hilarious to somerville.

553
01:35:22.270 --> 01:35:30.520
ronmarple: The star here level w that's the Woodstock epicenter northwest of charleston, which is where the main shock 1986 thought to have.

554
01:35:31.390 --> 01:35:44.770
ronmarple: originated, and then the star down in the lower left labeled ours, the Rentals epicenter from which the later smaller shock occurred about eight minutes after the main shock.

555
01:35:46.240 --> 01:36:07.630
ronmarple: Few things I want to mention here in terms of GEO morphology well so lidar we're here we're looking at simply changes in elevation if you look at the bar scale here on the right, the areas up here in the Northwest white and red that these are the higher areas and total graphically.

556
01:36:11.500 --> 01:36:18.250
ronmarple: See one thing that's very interesting right off the BAT is a feature here which.

557
01:36:19.300 --> 01:36:26.500
ronmarple: it's a scarf, we know that there's a somerville shrine scarpa previously interpreted here.

558
01:36:28.510 --> 01:36:37.240
ronmarple: But one interesting thing from just this one image this scarf appears to continue on further east than the.

559
01:36:38.440 --> 01:36:44.230
ronmarple: Area of powertrain to the north, and so that was something I investigated further.

560
01:36:46.600 --> 01:36:56.440
ronmarple: When skip to the next line here i'm showing co core system, a client from Shelton others 1983.

561
01:36:58.210 --> 01:37:00.100
ronmarple: showing a fault structure.

562
01:37:02.590 --> 01:37:10.840
ronmarple: Where this scar trend crosses the profile it the the profile says my profile does show.

563
01:37:12.070 --> 01:37:21.250
ronmarple: gentle up to the north, displacement, which is consistent with this feature, so there may be a fault extending across.

564
01:37:22.630 --> 01:37:23.500
ronmarple: This area.

565
01:37:24.670 --> 01:37:32.140
ronmarple: Okay Moving on now next briefly take a look at describe something along the.

566
01:37:33.370 --> 01:37:43.930
ronmarple: river so, be they actually river valley generally the valley walls are sinusitis but in the area of seismicity today.

567
01:37:45.700 --> 01:37:54.580
ronmarple: it's been noted that the north wall is fairly linear this geologic map over here on the right from whims and lemon 1984.

568
01:37:56.860 --> 01:37:58.060
ronmarple: can't see it because of.

569
01:38:00.040 --> 01:38:00.580
ronmarple: injuries.

570
01:38:02.980 --> 01:38:05.140
ronmarple: So this photo in the leftist from dutton at night.

571
01:38:06.790 --> 01:38:11.110
ronmarple: And it's taught to have been taken in this area and long here.

572
01:38:12.880 --> 01:38:17.620
ronmarple: Is a outcrop of Ashley is a legacy thing.

573
01:38:18.730 --> 01:38:19.510
ronmarple: outcrop.

574
01:38:22.450 --> 01:38:27.370
ronmarple: That is absent from the opposite side of the valley warm so let's talk that.

575
01:38:28.690 --> 01:38:38.200
ronmarple: This linear segment of the wall of the valley wall is structurally controlled and that this formation may have been uplifted and exposed.

576
01:38:40.150 --> 01:38:50.590
ronmarple: Okay next now i'm going to start talking about the deer park claimant which may be of the greatest significance can't really see the minimum at this scale.

577
01:38:52.510 --> 01:39:02.230
ronmarple: But at this scale between the arrows label dp lb kirkland Lindemann you do, there is a very subtle lineaments across here that crosses.

578
01:39:03.250 --> 01:39:08.800
ronmarple: The goose creek swamp in the blue house swamp shown down in the location now.

579
01:39:10.210 --> 01:39:21.820
ronmarple: it's a very gentle depression now show without and i'll show that in the next line down in the lower left and location map couple of significant things well here's the.

580
01:39:23.230 --> 01:39:35.650
ronmarple: Estimated epicenter location for the main shot as to that is the location where Congressional defamation along the South Carolina railroad reverse direction flipped.

581
01:39:36.820 --> 01:39:43.900
ronmarple: Here and that's very near where this lemon crosses so one described in dutton.

582
01:39:45.130 --> 01:39:45.730
ronmarple: 89.

583
01:39:47.170 --> 01:39:51.250
ronmarple: that's where Earl sloan noted that the train in this area.

584
01:39:54.250 --> 01:40:03.910
ronmarple: Was deformed forming what appeared to be like wave like undulations in the train thought to have them from the earthquake few days prior.

585
01:40:05.110 --> 01:40:12.490
ronmarple: And here are those profiles derived from the lidar data profiles three through six here.

586
01:40:14.350 --> 01:40:18.190
ronmarple: And you can tell, by looking at these vertical scale here.

587
01:40:19.810 --> 01:40:29.560
ronmarple: The depression here is very gentle and you would never say this with anything but lidar, so there is a very gentle depression going along here.

588
01:40:30.490 --> 01:40:41.320
ronmarple: Which is suggestive of increased erosion another thing to note is along the Atlantic work crosses the valley walls, you have increased erosion along the small streams.

589
01:40:41.620 --> 01:40:50.590
ronmarple: Another suggestion of increased erosion, possibly due to a fault over here to the left, we do have a little stream a linear stream valley along the line in.

590
01:40:52.870 --> 01:41:15.280
ronmarple: Here in the lower right is the intensity curve derived for this location as to showing the reversal of the Congressional direction from opposite sides of this point as to okay moving eastward along this this east, west trend where they might, and this is an east, west training lemon.

591
01:41:16.630 --> 01:41:33.160
ronmarple: very unusual terrain feature in train like this the coastal plain it's very unusual for things fault related to last very long because of the erosion, but here we have a nearly rectangular depression.

592
01:41:34.690 --> 01:41:40.180
ronmarple: Along the trend of the layman suggesting possibly increased erosion along this train along brown zone.

593
01:41:41.980 --> 01:41:52.960
ronmarple: This map in the upper left is from whims illuminati three just further emphasizes the presence of this strange looking depression along the trend of the.

594
01:41:54.430 --> 01:41:54.880
ronmarple: Leading up.

595
01:41:57.010 --> 01:41:59.200
ronmarple: OK now i'm going to talk about the woods.

596
01:42:01.030 --> 01:42:09.340
ronmarple: Middleton place layman or I call it now the fault, because one of the seismic lines that crosses it in this area, shows shows Bolton.

597
01:42:11.290 --> 01:42:14.950
ronmarple: So here is an enlarged area recall arise.

598
01:42:16.510 --> 01:42:22.060
ronmarple: Ashley river is over here to near the edge of the image, so you can see some very linear.

599
01:42:23.140 --> 01:42:35.410
ronmarple: subtle depressions that cuts through a low lying hill lines up with a tributary of scrape segments on tributary of the ash river and the next slide.

600
01:42:36.130 --> 01:42:44.170
ronmarple: Okay, these on the left here, these are photos taking approximately at this location showing a very.

601
01:42:44.620 --> 01:42:57.730
ronmarple: shallow basically a linear puddles like not not even ankle deep I walked along it was so shallow even it looks deeper than it really is the photo below was taken later in August last year.

602
01:42:58.960 --> 01:43:14.890
ronmarple: And the photo and the law right is looking along the lineage and or the linear depression and that really emphasizes how subtle this feature ISM, and so this time of year it's very difficult to see features like FIS.

603
01:43:16.390 --> 01:43:27.280
ronmarple: All right, in here's a portion of usgs line se 10 acquired a long time ago by Hamilton is was from Hamilton and others at three.

604
01:43:28.390 --> 01:43:32.470
ronmarple: acquired over this part of the limit here shows.

605
01:43:33.730 --> 01:43:35.590
ronmarple: A fault longest part of the lineage.

606
01:43:37.750 --> 01:43:42.910
ronmarple: Next i'm going to talk about one more lineaments which I think is related to the charleston fault.

607
01:43:44.110 --> 01:43:53.950
ronmarple: it's a well known, the trust and faults actually well known fault, but for years the exact surface location was really not known, but I think now.

608
01:43:55.360 --> 01:43:56.140
ronmarple: This is.

609
01:43:58.420 --> 01:44:13.420
ronmarple: revealing worthy trusted fault probably outcrops based on the linear drainage here okay so here's a close close up of that between the arrows here in here ch il that stands for cancer he'll lineaments.

610
01:44:15.040 --> 01:44:22.360
ronmarple: And it's actually two different drainage is with a drainage divide here's very, very intriguing that you have to.

611
01:44:22.930 --> 01:44:39.520
ronmarple: drainage is pointing in the same direction training opposite directions, but as makes me curious, I suspect that this may have once been continuous drainage network there's a linear here, called the.

612
01:44:42.190 --> 01:45:00.160
ronmarple: mount holly many men and right at that intersection is where this area high area occurs along this swamp show that in the next slide here here's the Mount mount holly linear men and the general trend of the.

613
01:45:01.600 --> 01:45:08.020
ronmarple: cantor hill lineaments, and this is the areas shown by this highly exaggerated profile.

614
01:45:09.160 --> 01:45:24.460
ronmarple: On this profile one other thing that's interesting is is convex up shape suggesting that this area has been gently uplifted perhaps due to movement on this fall here professional information there.

615
01:45:26.500 --> 01:45:39.610
ronmarple: And this is the summary map showing those lidar lineaments showing read verses faults previously matt faults, such as the Woodstock farm shawn black.

616
01:45:41.050 --> 01:45:41.530
ronmarple: So.

617
01:45:43.360 --> 01:45:56.920
ronmarple: The interesting observation about this is most of these lineaments occur on East of the what i've interpreted in the past as a gentle band in the Woodstock fold.

618
01:45:58.780 --> 01:46:10.840
ronmarple: And this as misty as well as located just what the highest concentration of seismicity is called concentrated here East of the band, and the Woodstock phone.

619
01:46:12.010 --> 01:46:15.040
ronmarple: And one other thing the domes.

620
01:46:16.420 --> 01:46:28.870
ronmarple: There is a correlation with between the domes and they interpreted false suggesting that there, there is broader defamation occurring along these some of these false.

621
01:46:30.130 --> 01:46:31.180
ronmarple: So in conclusion.

622
01:46:32.320 --> 01:46:46.360
ronmarple: found that latter is an extremely valuable new tool for interpreting very slow neo tectonic activity in eastern us, especially in the coastal plain, the main shock of the 1886 earthquake.

623
01:46:47.980 --> 01:47:03.940
ronmarple: As like as likely occurred along some natural strengths with fault, represented by the deer park planning recent says misty and meaning of the smaller faults concentrated, as I said before, along in northeast of that bend in the east coast false to system locally, known as list of fault.

624
01:47:05.980 --> 01:47:11.110
ronmarple: And there were other many of the other faults lineaments interpreted.

625
01:47:12.340 --> 01:47:13.630
ronmarple: Any questions.

626
01:47:17.260 --> 01:47:19.390
Lorraine Wolf: OK questions for speaker.

627
01:47:21.850 --> 01:47:24.250
Lorraine Wolf: And the audience, thank you for your talk.

628
01:47:34.450 --> 01:47:36.010
Lorraine Wolf: Okay there's a talk there's a.

629
01:47:38.620 --> 01:47:44.350
Lorraine Wolf: there's a question from mark Carter any plans to trench a few of those lineaments.

630
01:47:46.030 --> 01:47:48.250
ronmarple: Thanks to coven no.

631
01:47:54.790 --> 01:47:58.900
ronmarple: But that would be a nice thing to do, across the Middle place.

632
01:48:09.970 --> 01:48:15.370
Lorraine Wolf: I have a quick question for you on that those photographs you showed of the depression.

633
01:48:15.670 --> 01:48:25.480
Lorraine Wolf: Where water filled and then, I guess, do you have any suggestion from that that there is there's activity there that there's an active fault it's you know.

634
01:48:25.750 --> 01:48:27.430
ronmarple: So then, other than that.

635
01:48:28.960 --> 01:48:38.290
ronmarple: Let me further described that feature, as I said it it from from the photo it looks like you, it looks like a ditch it looks.

636
01:48:40.390 --> 01:48:55.330
ronmarple: impressive, but then, when you walk across it it's like this thing's only it was so you know that what time of the year it's so wet lot of rain only not even ankle deep, and so I literally walked along most of the length of that thing in my.

637
01:48:56.920 --> 01:48:57.460
ronmarple: boots.

638
01:48:58.750 --> 01:49:08.470
ronmarple: So, other than that it's linear few hundred meters and length surprisingly linear The other thing I tried to roll out.

639
01:49:09.130 --> 01:49:19.900
ronmarple: Was the possibility that maybe the prior owner West fake or timber West tobacco timber company had maybe tried to drain that area, but it.

640
01:49:20.680 --> 01:49:28.960
ronmarple: It was so shallow depression in the August, she could hardly identify so to me it's it seems like a very natural feature and then.

641
01:49:29.830 --> 01:49:48.970
ronmarple: Along the boot heel lineaments years years ago when I was a master student fair, we saw something like that across a beam field during that same time in a year like January, February, where there was a very gentle depression with water standing in so probably represents.

642
01:49:50.410 --> 01:49:54.730
ronmarple: erosion along on a fault plane be my best gas.

643
01:50:11.140 --> 01:50:12.820
Lorraine Wolf: i'm sorry, did you hear anything I said.

644
01:50:15.610 --> 01:50:19.960
Lorraine Wolf: I said, there are a couple of questions in the chat RON you can take a look and.

645
01:50:21.700 --> 01:50:27.910
Lorraine Wolf: And yeah and maybe we can answer them in the break, but I think we need to move on to the next talk.

646
01:50:29.290 --> 01:50:47.710
roberthawman: Okay, our next presentation is entitled using electrical resistance tomography and sentiment analysis to understand the influence of sediment properties and barman of deposition on the surface expression of earthquake induced liquefaction the authors are can grubin.

647
01:50:48.970 --> 01:50:49.750
roberthawman: Rain Wolf.

648
01:50:50.920 --> 01:50:58.360
roberthawman: or tisha total stephanie Rogers Stephen Matthews and can will be giving us the presentation.

649
01:51:00.700 --> 01:51:06.100
Can Guven: Thank you for your kind introduction and like to share my screen in a second.

650
01:51:07.930 --> 01:51:10.180
Can Guven: Is it clear to see my screen.

651
01:51:12.100 --> 01:51:12.640
roberthawman: looks good.

652
01:51:13.300 --> 01:51:14.260
Can Guven: Okay, great.

653
01:51:16.330 --> 01:51:23.770
Can Guven: So thanks for the introduction again good and good morning everyone good afternoon everyone, and my name is john Goodman.

654
01:51:24.460 --> 01:51:34.690
Can Guven: And today, I will be explaining my study about investigating the relationship of the carrier liquefaction deposits, to the to the mentor architecture at a site in the new matter of seismic zones.

655
01:51:35.080 --> 01:51:50.440
Can Guven: And i'm joining here from our university department of Sciences, before I begin I begin my presentation, I would like to acknowledge the contributions of the study Dr Lorraine wall Dr marcia total Dr Stephen Rogers and Stefan methods.

656
01:51:51.970 --> 01:52:00.910
Can Guven: My study aside is located in the new madness is mixed on within the real foot rift which is balanced by the Western margin and Eastern margin faults.

657
01:52:02.740 --> 01:52:17.770
Can Guven: And the missing and imagine savings on has experienced at least three major earthquake earthquake events and the epicenter of the night at 11 1112 earthquakes are identified with the red the yellow stars on the map.

658
01:52:18.880 --> 01:52:37.120
Can Guven: The financing in a marriage license or we need the past paleozoic sentiments of the misspelled payment and the thickness a condition of the of the sediments reach out to take a limiter takes and the major earthquake caused.

659
01:52:38.200 --> 01:52:43.450
Can Guven: The formation of earthquake in this direction features almost on the entire region.

660
01:52:44.530 --> 01:52:51.610
Can Guven: The earth goodness the factual features are shown with the red or pink area in the map as it's in the.

661
01:52:54.040 --> 01:53:02.680
Can Guven: study of the earth in industry, professional features have provided estimates of reoccurrence of large earthquakes in the region.

662
01:53:04.480 --> 01:53:14.020
Can Guven: But how the earth, how are the perfect in this liquefaction features farm that's great place great secret loading on sediments during an earthquake.

663
01:53:14.770 --> 01:53:33.970
Can Guven: Water saturated pad constantly the sediments or rearrange dreaming leading up to pressure buildup increase feel pressure may result in our workflow of the settlements and leading to the formation of the infection features such as sense like census and sample.

664
01:53:35.860 --> 01:53:39.910
Can Guven: So our city area which is shown with the red box and then in the map.

665
01:53:41.050 --> 01:53:43.090
Can Guven: is located near the city of black via.

666
01:53:44.800 --> 01:53:58.090
Can Guven: The studies are is located close to the periscope buyer, which is the distributor of the Mississippi river the site was chosen, because there are sent blows are at the surface, with integrate indication of.

667
01:53:59.140 --> 01:54:01.810
Can Guven: Of the samples are prehistoric.

668
01:54:03.220 --> 01:54:11.830
Can Guven: Then the samples on the satellite image in our investigated, it is not it that they show engineer.

669
01:54:13.630 --> 01:54:16.330
Can Guven: They are associated a show with the arrows here, they should.

670
01:54:17.440 --> 01:54:29.530
Can Guven: also be noted that the periods, not from the periods studies on the payments with by that the study area is composed of Filial said, the most of the famous quote by and this.

671
01:54:30.940 --> 01:54:39.670
Can Guven: These Informations bring up the question that what are the factors in Philadelphia in environments that control the location of the liquefaction deposits.

672
01:54:40.510 --> 01:54:51.880
Can Guven: We in the hypothesized that the surface expression of the samples at the site was controlled by these traditional for the rest of the month that associated with the periscope buyer.

673
01:54:52.240 --> 01:55:01.270
Can Guven: And they inherited physical properties, such as a texture and permit with the next I will talk about the methods that will test this hypothesis.

674
01:55:02.680 --> 01:55:11.110
Can Guven: First, research, the surface expression of the liquefaction features, the walk on the north, south ditch at a site that crosses the name.

675
01:55:13.360 --> 01:55:22.990
Can Guven: Of the samples that exam I have the exposures after the actual pictures then be Doc small test pilots to optimize the location of the beach exposures to be locked.

676
01:55:23.650 --> 01:55:33.700
Can Guven: So here is the location of the northern and southern ditch exposures teach exposures confirm that the presence of the samples identified on the satellite imagery.

677
01:55:36.550 --> 01:55:49.540
Can Guven: also be set to 94 meter long electrical resistance with the profile perpendicular to the alignment of the samples to emulate relationship of the liquefaction features, the affiliate the positional units.

678
01:55:50.920 --> 01:55:53.410
Can Guven: Finally, be collected so samples.

679
01:55:54.610 --> 01:56:01.930
Can Guven: With an auger along the electrical receptivity demographic profile and determine their texture with hydro metal metal.

680
01:56:05.050 --> 01:56:11.560
Can Guven: I would like to start the results and discussion section with the northern exposure.

681
01:56:12.850 --> 01:56:32.050
Can Guven: The Northern beaches exposure composed of two sample of the positional units suggesting to expand this is the sandbox prescott's the beer domenicali silt the soil and setbacks, the powers to the south, suggesting.

682
01:56:33.670 --> 01:56:35.110
Can Guven: The source of the source and.

683
01:56:36.940 --> 01:56:53.020
Can Guven: Suddenly exposure is also composed of two sample of the positional units, the setback cross cuts the buried soils and deep tours to the south, so this time decoders does not digesting the location of the source set.

684
01:56:54.880 --> 01:57:12.280
Can Guven: These logs this to the logs from these two locations develop that relationship of the liquefaction features, to the hospital what's the sample of embodied exposures very predominantly predominantly self the soil and the samples are limited by clouds on on top.

685
01:57:13.510 --> 01:57:19.000
Can Guven: Also, predominantly self the soil work cross car by the setbacks on two exposures.

686
01:57:21.820 --> 01:57:25.300
Can Guven: With this information, we suggest that.

687
01:57:26.410 --> 01:57:29.890
Can Guven: samples formed by the same earthquake events.

688
01:57:31.150 --> 01:57:31.600
Can Guven: But.

689
01:57:32.830 --> 01:57:46.690
Can Guven: What had what was happening beneath the bridge soil and various a source and how our affiliates are the most oriented to be able to answer this questions, I would like to introduce electrical is typically tomography profile.

690
01:57:49.390 --> 01:57:55.150
Can Guven: So, first I would like to explain the axis of the lexical is the profiles on the top of the top.

691
01:57:55.840 --> 01:58:04.600
Can Guven: Top access shows the distance on the electrical is the proposed in meters, the last why access shows a depth of the profile and meters as well.

692
01:58:05.290 --> 01:58:15.940
Can Guven: And the legend shows the relativity values violate the law rest values are represented, with the color colors the highest values are represented, with the warm or cold.

693
01:58:17.170 --> 01:58:20.920
Can Guven: The resistive the survey indicates that the fine grain units.

694
01:58:21.970 --> 01:58:29.050
Can Guven: presented with the low resistance values while evergreen size increases the risk of values are increasing.

695
01:58:31.480 --> 01:58:38.560
Can Guven: Highness derivative values tours to the bottom of the of the profile I interpreted as a brady's team deposits of the Mississippi.

696
01:58:39.310 --> 01:58:49.870
Can Guven: And just on the radius soon deposit to this to the south of the profile the highest area here as representing the point part deposits of the time Scott by.

697
01:58:51.730 --> 01:58:59.830
Can Guven: In the middle section here middle to the lower risk the values are interpreted as the bonding channel fill the pauses of the periscope by.

698
01:59:02.020 --> 01:59:02.470
Can Guven: And will.

699
01:59:02.980 --> 01:59:05.080
Can Guven: tend to love racist the areas on top.

700
01:59:05.560 --> 01:59:22.180
Can Guven: Are the lead deposits of depends, but by and large, is the area here is the background deposits of the back of the Mississippi river to confirm the interpretation of electrical resistance profile be collected so seminars with a with an hour of the one meter that.

701
01:59:24.220 --> 01:59:40.090
Can Guven: So I will like to show the locations of dog or samples relative to the electrical receptivity proper the first location is from the 14 meter the second one is from the 54 meter and the less location is from 80 meter of the active profile, the first sample.

702
01:59:41.170 --> 01:59:53.590
Can Guven: started samples from the first location our samples samples, and they are pretty send it with with sent sent extra the samples from the next location, which is the bondage and opal deposits.

703
01:59:55.450 --> 02:00:07.450
Can Guven: Have silty clay clay texture samples from the final location which corresponds to levy deposits have similar silty clay clay texture but they have more subcontract.

704
02:00:09.520 --> 02:00:20.260
Can Guven: The texture result of this location, the final location are similar with the sample from the presentation, but they have higher SIP content and also they have different elliptical is 30 yeah yes.

705
02:00:21.100 --> 02:00:31.870
Can Guven: Also, detection results of this study are similar with the period sparked by God and others in 1999 that took place on periscope by.

706
02:00:32.350 --> 02:00:48.460
Can Guven: According to the results they abandoned channel natural, so I think we are going to according to the ears of the barn Channel and the levy deposits have silty critical a texture and the levy deposits of the famous quote by various the point bar deposits here.

707
02:00:50.500 --> 02:00:58.270
Can Guven: So the results of test today are important for myself, because they form the basis of interpretation of the sub sub routine it's.

708
02:00:58.960 --> 02:01:09.310
Can Guven: suggested here in the elliptical existing tomography profile, as I go back to interpretation of electrical is typically tomography profile, the law of receptivity national levy deposits.

709
02:01:11.440 --> 02:01:19.390
Can Guven: cause an increase in pour water pressure during some promotion and may have allowed the pressure build up so.

710
02:01:19.960 --> 02:01:36.790
Can Guven: It may have build up of the field plateau pressure during the election process, the samples of the surface, are connected to the concave down areas of the point bar started ready stream and appoint bar deposits.

711
02:01:39.700 --> 02:01:49.630
Can Guven: The look of actual features with our position along the margins of their bond and channel identified in the political reasons safety profile.

712
02:01:51.640 --> 02:01:57.010
Can Guven: So to conclude the exposures electrical resistance at tomography.

713
02:01:58.210 --> 02:02:07.030
Can Guven: And the auger soil samples provide a board context for the entire for relationship, also the protection feature singing the beach exposures.

714
02:02:07.900 --> 02:02:25.720
Can Guven: To the sedimentary rock sedimentary architecture, the electrical rest of data and the strike and deep angles, of the sandbox from the last exposure confirm that the look affection features found along the margins of the abandoned channel just identified on this satellite imagery.

715
02:02:28.300 --> 02:02:47.710
Can Guven: Fine grain deposits, possibly levy back swamp because acted as a guitar or confining layer contributing to the increase the pressure during cyclic shaking increase food pressure feel pressure resolving an upper floor of the liquified sent.

716
02:02:48.730 --> 02:02:58.240
Can Guven: In class contact between the find grace and the course great pauses may have guided the flow of the escape influence to do is send influencing the placement of.

717
02:02:58.990 --> 02:03:10.900
Can Guven: The sent directly dates and this formation of the samples, so the result of the study controversy understanding the factors that lineal environments that control the location of to look affection deposits.

718
02:03:11.380 --> 02:03:16.870
Can Guven: And may have how predict the beach environments are most vulnerable to look at patching during an earthquake.

719
02:03:19.420 --> 02:03:24.100
Can Guven: So here, this is with that and I conclude my my presentation.

720
02:03:25.180 --> 02:03:27.730
Can Guven: Thank you for the time and i'm ready for their questions.

721
02:03:34.480 --> 02:03:38.050
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, other questions for john on his research.

722
02:03:42.820 --> 02:03:52.180
roberthawman: I got a question john I thought that was a really interesting presentation very interesting results, I do have a question about the reasons to be tomography analysis.

723
02:03:53.980 --> 02:04:03.640
roberthawman: Have you tried any numerical modeling tests like checkerboard tests to evaluate the resolving power of your surface resisted it profiling.

724
02:04:05.050 --> 02:04:16.600
Can Guven: yeah currently working on identifying I mean the identified the units and we try to identify the hydro, the conductivity of them and we try to create a create a model that will show us the.

725
02:04:17.410 --> 02:04:28.060
Can Guven: The propagation of the hedge on cartoon conductivity so that we may ended up having the locations of where can be where can we where can we see the.

726
02:04:29.200 --> 02:04:36.070
Can Guven: pressure can be built up, so this is what we are currently working on, we have not finalized anything for numerical modeling.

727
02:04:36.790 --> 02:04:37.960
roberthawman: guess what I had in mind was.

728
02:04:38.200 --> 02:04:48.820
roberthawman: A purely numerical model that it's consists of alternating high and low resisted the squares and then you would run a some fedak.

729
02:04:49.360 --> 02:05:00.160
roberthawman: raises the profile over that and invert that synthetic data, and that gives you an idea of in principle, how much detail, you can resolve in the sub service, you could start with.

730
02:05:00.790 --> 02:05:10.870
roberthawman: Big squares rectangles and then decrease those in size and see at what point they start to blur together and then that would give you an idea of three liability.

731
02:05:11.500 --> 02:05:25.840
roberthawman: of different features in your model, especially as you go deeper probably the lateral resolution is is you know being degraded that also give you an idea of what the vertical resolution is, and that would give you added confidence in your in your results.

732
02:05:27.820 --> 02:05:30.610
Can Guven: Thank you, thank you, Dr harmon unless for the suggestion.

733
02:05:36.160 --> 02:05:37.900
Lorraine Wolf: Other questions for john.

734
02:05:38.470 --> 02:05:44.200
Can Guven: So i'm reading a question from the chat and the question is, what is your evidence for Brady so.

735
02:05:45.610 --> 02:05:52.480
Can Guven: We take a look at the periods studies conducted on the periscope bio and the most important.

736
02:05:53.080 --> 02:06:01.060
Can Guven: The study was from the grid journey and the candles took place in 1997 and 1999 and they are, they have modeled.

737
02:06:01.810 --> 02:06:16.690
Can Guven: Some parts of the of the periscope by you and they suggested that the periscope by your lies on the Mississippi river valley and then this and that part of the mystery, while a composite the bread soon deposits and also the brand is Cindy partners have.

738
02:06:18.100 --> 02:06:27.340
Can Guven: So various teams have lower seniority and higher gradient so they have coarser grains than the point part of pauses and which are.

739
02:06:28.090 --> 02:06:39.880
Can Guven: In our lives, because this is typically tomography show that very soon deposits have the highest risk devalues in the profile, so this is, those are the my my interpretation of the bricks in deposits.

740
02:06:40.720 --> 02:06:42.670
Lorraine Wolf: You have a question about the.

741
02:06:43.960 --> 02:06:48.370
Lorraine Wolf: date or after the earthquake event the radio metric date.

742
02:06:49.810 --> 02:06:52.450
Can Guven: yeah we come back to it so sample from day.

743
02:06:53.590 --> 02:06:54.100
Can Guven: notice.

744
02:06:55.630 --> 02:07:18.220
Can Guven: The exposure and it was dated to 420 a minimum of age and also but it's the minimum is like it's just been it the the soil sample so I cannot give you the exact day, so we need more data to to to interpret the pH and also, if you look at the soul development signs of the of the.

745
02:07:19.360 --> 02:07:28.300
Can Guven: samples, we are sitting at development of Australian ballet so according to the pure studies that the term for the development of the southern Malay.

746
02:07:30.130 --> 02:07:44.980
Can Guven: Is around Hundred Years 2000 years, so I fear concerning the age, maybe this samples suggesting the 9900 pneumatic events, so this is my interpretation for the for the timing of events.

747
02:07:46.210 --> 02:07:51.640
Lorraine Wolf: You have another question asking what type of electro Ray did you use for your tomography.

748
02:07:52.090 --> 02:08:00.880
Can Guven: A V used dipole dipole or a configuration because dipole dipole a configuration is good for imaging.

749
02:08:02.380 --> 02:08:06.730
Can Guven: imaging the lateral continuity of the of the features, we are seeing substance.

750
02:08:10.330 --> 02:08:18.280
Lorraine Wolf: And what was your evidence for both sand blows occurring during the same event so big.

751
02:08:18.550 --> 02:08:34.600
Can Guven: They cross Cup, by the same Barry channel Sorry, I am very safe the soil and they are limited by the same Plaza and I also I collect the soil samples from each location and they show the similar to nothing.

752
02:08:36.760 --> 02:08:40.660
Can Guven: Soil development, so I also, if I take a look at.

753
02:08:42.010 --> 02:08:55.510
Can Guven: The different the border between the same below their position units there's no sort of devil often so suggesting that they made a suggestion that they are longs to they belong to the same earthquake event.

754
02:08:56.770 --> 02:09:00.850
Lorraine Wolf: I think I skipped one question from urban did you.

755
02:09:01.930 --> 02:09:04.060
Lorraine Wolf: want to ask it I think we've got about one more minute.

756
02:09:07.000 --> 02:09:10.300
egarriso: No, I was going to ask a follow on question about.

757
02:09:10.300 --> 02:09:10.630
Okay.

758
02:09:12.880 --> 02:09:13.420
egarriso: The.

759
02:09:14.470 --> 02:09:22.960
egarriso: Full disclosure I got my PhD at the University of Missouri I know the new Madrid backwards and forwards, out of soccer fan.

760
02:09:25.090 --> 02:09:28.030
egarriso: That there were so many earthquakes.

761
02:09:29.050 --> 02:09:29.650
egarriso: In that.

762
02:09:30.820 --> 02:09:31.990
egarriso: time period.

763
02:09:33.280 --> 02:09:39.340
egarriso: I I would almost suggests that that whole portion of the valley was one big sandbox.

764
02:09:44.140 --> 02:09:58.990
Can Guven: yeah we also collect their services or samples from different locations and what it was like he collected random samples and the sample surface or samples from just above the radisson closer and be expected to have.

765
02:10:00.220 --> 02:10:09.760
Can Guven: More send content on from the samples on the sample but in one location it's just pretty close to the dispensary.

766
02:10:11.290 --> 02:10:23.650
Can Guven: periscope by you, you got the so very collected sample they all they all have equal send them all, I guess, as we are getting closer to the any the valley or active channel.

767
02:10:24.460 --> 02:10:33.550
Can Guven: Not certainly composed of the same, but if the stage, I guess, for me, it's hard to distinguish I mean you can get out the RT profile or or.

768
02:10:35.260 --> 02:10:44.620
Can Guven: Any other indication it's so hard to distinguish the samples from affiliate deposits, I guess, I don't know make it more difficult, like evidence.

769
02:10:45.460 --> 02:10:47.710
Lorraine Wolf: And I think we need to move to our next talk.

770
02:10:48.370 --> 02:10:49.390
Lorraine Wolf: Make Thank you john.

771
02:10:49.720 --> 02:11:08.290
roberthawman: Thank you for all the question OK, the next talk is application that really way of inversion for avoid detection using multi channel analysis, the surface, wave and version for a messy or msw by Lindsay Nicola and if the car alarm and Lindsay will give the talk.

772
02:11:12.340 --> 02:11:13.630
Lindsey Riikola: Hello everyone.

773
02:11:20.170 --> 02:11:21.700
Lindsey Riikola: Can everyone see this okay.

774
02:11:25.270 --> 02:11:31.720
Lindsey Riikola: Okay, so my name is Lindsay Nicola and I am a senior at the University of Tennessee and knock.

775
02:11:39.910 --> 02:11:41.410
Lorraine Wolf: you're freezing Lindsay.

776
02:11:43.150 --> 02:11:43.690
Oh.

777
02:11:47.080 --> 02:11:48.160
Lindsey Riikola: Okay, am I okay now.

778
02:11:48.550 --> 02:11:51.400
Lorraine Wolf: You are no, I want to close any other applications.

779
02:11:51.400 --> 02:11:52.180
Lorraine Wolf: That you have running.

780
02:11:59.050 --> 02:12:00.010
Lorraine Wolf: You better start again.

781
02:12:01.090 --> 02:12:02.410
Lindsey Riikola: i'm sorry about that.

782
02:12:20.110 --> 02:12:21.820
Lindsey Riikola: Okay, can you still see my screen.

783
02:12:22.480 --> 02:12:22.930
No.

784
02:12:24.010 --> 02:12:24.220
Oh.

785
02:12:28.120 --> 02:12:30.970
Lorraine Wolf: yeah your screen was Okay, it was just the are you were freezing.

786
02:12:31.690 --> 02:12:34.450
Lorraine Wolf: Oh OK, now we can say it.

787
02:12:35.740 --> 02:12:36.730
Lindsey Riikola: Okay, thank you.

788
02:12:38.230 --> 02:12:45.610
Lindsey Riikola: So yes, my presentation is over the following, as I had just said i'm sorry about that air.

789
02:12:47.980 --> 02:13:06.340
Lindsey Riikola: So the first objective is to understand the techniques and processes of shallow subsurface investigation for avoid detection using him as w and the second objective is to investigate the nature of the sheer way velocity changes across a void and unconsolidated settlements.

790
02:13:08.500 --> 02:13:17.200
Lindsey Riikola: And I will be going over the location and geology the survey methods and data acquisition, as well as the results and a discussion.

791
02:13:20.110 --> 02:13:26.830
Lindsey Riikola: So this study site is located at the main campus of Oklahoma State University in pain county Oklahoma.

792
02:13:27.280 --> 02:13:34.570
Lindsey Riikola: This county generally has a flatline surface of coronary sediments over Pennsylvania and permian age rock.

793
02:13:34.990 --> 02:13:51.970
Lindsey Riikola: In the surface geology of the surrounding areas have alternating beds of mud stone sandstone and carbonates as for the list of the top part of the study site it varies from unsaturated to partially saturated sandy clay, where the anomalies or pipes are located.

794
02:13:55.480 --> 02:14:05.170
Lindsey Riikola: So this site has likely experienced some backfilling an excavation due to construction because of the location being in the Center of campus.

795
02:14:05.980 --> 02:14:23.800
Lindsey Riikola: And the deeper geology remains unexplored in this study as the depth of the investigation only extends a few meters from the ground surface and several pipes were laid below the ground surface at different depths for various purposes such as water lines sewage lines and storm sewers.

796
02:14:28.090 --> 02:14:40.900
Lindsey Riikola: So this seismic data was gathered along a 57 meter long to the profile, which was oriented north to south over a storm drainage pipe and a water pipe which are orthogonal to the orientation.

797
02:14:41.380 --> 02:14:49.210
Lindsey Riikola: And this figure to the right, you can see that the White line is the 2d profile and the blue line is the storm drainage pipe.

798
02:14:49.570 --> 02:15:06.190
Lindsey Riikola: And the yellow line is the water pipe and below the text here there's another figure which displays the Cross section, which shows the relative positions of the anomalies and also the storm drainage pipe is one meter in diameter all the water pipe is point eight meters in diameter.

799
02:15:09.880 --> 02:15:20.320
Lindsey Riikola: This data was obtained and split spread geometry, and in all there were 48 geophones which were placed at one meter intervals and the shot interval is being at three meters.

800
02:15:20.890 --> 02:15:31.360
Lindsey Riikola: And the source us in this experiment was a Betsy size gun with 12 gauge 400 grain shells, which creates both vertical and horizontal seismic waves.

801
02:15:31.900 --> 02:15:44.170
Lindsey Riikola: The source was placed between these receivers and their receivers were single component 40 hertz vertical geophones and this data was recorded with a sampling interval a point two five milliseconds.

802
02:15:47.380 --> 02:15:53.830
Lindsey Riikola: And all there were 960 traces that were recorded using both these vertical and horizontal geophones.

803
02:15:54.190 --> 02:16:05.920
Lindsey Riikola: However, however, we are only presenting the data recorded with the vertical component geophones and, overall, the unprocessed field data is clean, with some relatively low random noise.

804
02:16:06.280 --> 02:16:15.430
Lindsey Riikola: And the first arrival times from the vertical components generally increased with source receiver offsets and in this figure to the right, you can see that this is.

805
02:16:15.970 --> 02:16:29.920
Lindsey Riikola: A figure of shot to which displays the axes of channel numbers and time in milliseconds and you can also see that this data is again fairly clean, with some relatively low random noise which will be good for the data processing steps.

806
02:16:34.210 --> 02:16:45.430
Lindsey Riikola: The initial processing involved some general muting and editing of the data to remove these noisy traces along with a faulty G or phone, which will not be considered for the inversion.

807
02:16:46.480 --> 02:16:56.620
Lindsey Riikola: Data Processing removes various unwanted noises and the data which is particularly not useful and in this study the specified region of interest is the ground roll.

808
02:16:57.460 --> 02:17:04.870
Lindsey Riikola: trace killing frequency filtering and muting are all going to be applied to remove the random noise before the dispersion curve analysis.

809
02:17:07.960 --> 02:17:16.420
Lindsey Riikola: And here we have shot to so again, as I said before, in the previous slide some frequency filtering trace killing and muting will be done.

810
02:17:17.050 --> 02:17:29.950
Lindsey Riikola: Frequency filtering is the first process implemented in the data processing and this filtering is utilized to smooth and sharpen the data image by the removal of high frequency components.

811
02:17:30.340 --> 02:17:34.750
Lindsey Riikola: And after frequency filtering we can move on to the trace killing and muting.

812
02:17:35.620 --> 02:17:45.220
Lindsey Riikola: So trace killing is a very important step, and here we have the blue regions which are highlighting traces one through three and at this tree slip ation.

813
02:17:46.060 --> 02:18:00.070
Lindsey Riikola: The source location is also here as well, so this can cause some random noise here so as you can see, on the Left figure there is some random noise which will be removed, as you can see, in shot to to the right here, and after.

814
02:18:00.520 --> 02:18:09.910
Lindsey Riikola: The trace killing is implemented, we can see that the data is much cleaner and again the ground rule is are specified region of interest, which is highlighted in green.

815
02:18:13.660 --> 02:18:21.670
Lindsey Riikola: Here shot a lot, as you can the traces highlight in orange now in the middle, where the source location is again.

816
02:18:22.060 --> 02:18:30.640
Lindsey Riikola: And traces 24 through 29 are highlighted here and, again, you can see the random noise and the amplitude which we find insignificant.

817
02:18:31.240 --> 02:18:41.740
Lindsey Riikola: And then, once they are removed through trace killing the data is much more clean and ready for some more data processing and furthering into the dispersion curve analysis.

818
02:18:45.460 --> 02:18:58.450
Lindsey Riikola: And here's another example of shot which displays the traces 46 through 48 which will be removed through trace killing again and, as you can see belong or beyond 200 milliseconds.

819
02:18:59.410 --> 02:19:08.230
Lindsey Riikola: there's a lot of random noise and bold lines that we find insignificant again and again to the right here we have the ground roll highlighted in green.

820
02:19:12.280 --> 02:19:26.590
Lindsey Riikola: And here is the shot to raw data and then these figures I implemented some purple circled regions that show that there are some subtle changes and these changes are around the locations of the anomalies.

821
02:19:27.850 --> 02:19:31.660
Lindsey Riikola: So these are some events to look more into and further observe.

822
02:19:34.780 --> 02:19:42.730
Lindsey Riikola: And here's the shot 11 again showing the circled regions around the anomalies locations.

823
02:19:47.080 --> 02:19:54.220
Lindsey Riikola: And here's the shot 18 data, which shows these subtle changes again also around the anomalies location.

824
02:19:58.390 --> 02:20:03.070
Lindsey Riikola: So after data processing, we can move further into the dispersion curve analysis.

825
02:20:03.550 --> 02:20:10.420
Lindsey Riikola: And firstly railey waves illustrate dispersion, which means that velocity is not constant but it varies with wavelength.

826
02:20:10.840 --> 02:20:26.350
Lindsey Riikola: And also dispersion show wave energy arrival times, as well as the direction and magnitude of ground surface motions so overall dispersion curves represent the propagation of wave modes found in a specific geometry.

827
02:20:27.400 --> 02:20:34.300
Lindsey Riikola: And for these dispersion curve models, we use GEO giga surface plus and the axes that we.

828
02:20:43.720 --> 02:20:47.440
Lindsey Riikola: There are these features and the coloration that they have.

829
02:20:49.210 --> 02:20:58.060
Lindsey Riikola: So the mode that is labeled in zero has a curved like shape, which we have to look for what to look for in each of these dispersion curves.

830
02:20:58.600 --> 02:21:07.180
Lindsey Riikola: And it is the most prominent, as you can see there's also a significant amount of red in this feature which shows importance.

831
02:21:07.690 --> 02:21:17.830
Lindsey Riikola: And the mode picked labeled with one is also a feature that should be observed, because of its clear bold presence, as well as some coloration and slight curve forming.

832
02:21:22.000 --> 02:21:32.650
Lindsey Riikola: And here's the shot 11 dispersion curve, which shows some of the same things, there are two modes picked here and there is that prominent curve future again, which is labeled and zero.

833
02:21:33.070 --> 02:21:41.530
Lindsey Riikola: And what makes this one different is the gap between the frequencies of 24 and 32 and we had to best track this curvature.

834
02:21:42.280 --> 02:21:59.410
Lindsey Riikola: So we had to connected at this certain place and it will be further observed, as I said before, and there's also this second feature as well, which is labeled in one like the last dispersion curve that we viewed, and it is also forming this curve like feature.

835
02:22:02.740 --> 02:22:12.010
Lindsey Riikola: here's the shot 18 curve, which only shows this prominent curve here, as well as that red coloration that we're looking for and each of these dispersion curves.

836
02:22:12.310 --> 02:22:26.140
Lindsey Riikola: Now there is only one mode pick here so varying from shot to shot, there will be several modes picked and some or just one like this one, so this is the only feature that we found to be of significance.

837
02:22:29.800 --> 02:22:34.600
Lindsey Riikola: After the dispersion curve analysis, we can move on to the inversion model analysis.

838
02:22:35.200 --> 02:22:46.630
Lindsey Riikola: And inversions are the process of constructing a model that best fits the observed data by minimizing the difference between the observations and synthetic data produced from a model.

839
02:22:47.050 --> 02:22:53.800
Lindsey Riikola: Moreover, these interpretations are based on what we already know, which is the subsurface structure and geology.

840
02:22:54.850 --> 02:23:06.550
Lindsey Riikola: The inverted models consisted of 50 iterations that were done five times and the velocity resolution was two meters per second and the GA parameter is 512.

841
02:23:07.810 --> 02:23:15.310
Lindsey Riikola: So, as you can see these models both show close relationships between the observed blue line and the modeled red line.

842
02:23:17.290 --> 02:23:29.800
Lindsey Riikola: We are able to closely matched the observed and modeled lines in order to get a sufficient representation of the data, so the inverted model shown here is a reasonable model with low misfit ever.

843
02:23:33.670 --> 02:23:50.080
Lindsey Riikola: here's the shot 13 and version and again these these models both showed the close relationships and alignment that we are looking for and that we hope to get in each of these inversion models, so this is again another stable model with low error.

844
02:23:53.800 --> 02:24:05.800
Lindsey Riikola: Each shot contains a misfit air percentage once the inversion process is finished, a misfit percentage below five is most adequate because anything above five is not sufficient.

845
02:24:06.550 --> 02:24:19.600
Lindsey Riikola: So if the rms air percentage is above five the dispersion PICs need to be picked more thorley to get a low misfit air, such as the shots in this figure.

846
02:24:20.650 --> 02:24:35.620
Lindsey Riikola: So overall the Armas areas for each shot we're on the lower end, which means the dispersion PICs we're on target and the inversion models produced were reasonable stable models so with this third the results of the data should be interpreted.

847
02:24:40.930 --> 02:24:52.900
Lindsey Riikola: And here is a 1d model, which shows the consistency of the inversion models, as well as gradient consistency so anything beyond this circular region, here we find insignificant.

848
02:24:57.910 --> 02:25:07.240
Lindsey Riikola: And finally, we have the 2d model, the velocity model, and there are some structures, seeing here as especially a small void structure.

849
02:25:08.620 --> 02:25:16.450
Lindsey Riikola: About 37 through 40 meters of a distance and two to four meters in depth and there's also.

850
02:25:17.950 --> 02:25:31.090
Lindsey Riikola: A storm drainage pipe circle implemented in there and then to the left of it is the water pipe so around this storm drainage pipe a non anomaly, there is some sort of structure or void shown here.

851
02:25:31.660 --> 02:25:43.060
Lindsey Riikola: And there's also a high velocity in this void, right here, as you can see the surrounding areas are low velocity, so there is something here, so the high velocity is seeing.

852
02:25:44.110 --> 02:25:52.780
Lindsey Riikola: Because of the reflection of sheer waves, due to the void disturbances in the soil wall of the pipe or excavation.

853
02:25:56.950 --> 02:26:08.890
Lindsey Riikola: with him as w inversion there is an anomaly observed in the subsurface between the depth of two to four meters that corresponds to the location of the storm drainage pipe as high velocity.

854
02:26:09.910 --> 02:26:21.970
Lindsey Riikola: The ma s w cannot resolve the second anomaly, which is the smaller water pipe and this could be due to the data resolution as the diameter of the anomaly is much lower than the receiver spacing.

855
02:26:22.780 --> 02:26:34.120
Lindsey Riikola: Although sheer way velocity could determine the storm drainage pipe a high velocity could represent the wall of the pipe or the disturbances in soil due to the excavation rather than the structure itself.

856
02:26:37.240 --> 02:26:45.340
Lindsey Riikola: And currently I am working on another set of data at this same location, more specifically, the horizontal sheer wave acquisition.

857
02:26:45.730 --> 02:26:50.500
Lindsey Riikola: And i'm i'm excited to see the results to compare to the p wave acquisition.

858
02:26:51.100 --> 02:26:58.810
Lindsey Riikola: As for acknowledgments, I would like to thank you tk for the support and for the ongoing research opportunity during my undergrad.

859
02:26:59.230 --> 02:27:15.700
Lindsey Riikola: I would also like to thank the earth and planetary sciences department and the undergrad research grant I would also like to thank the SEC GSA for having me here today and I would like to not acknowledge the software used, which was GEO giga seismic pro.

860
02:27:17.980 --> 02:27:20.800
Lindsey Riikola: Are there any questions or comments.

861
02:27:22.900 --> 02:27:26.530
Lorraine Wolf: Thank you Lindsay yes, there are there questions for Lindsay.

862
02:27:40.750 --> 02:27:50.800
roberthawman: Lindsey i'd a question did you see any indication of variations and the direct P wave over either of these targets.

863
02:27:53.260 --> 02:27:59.650
Lindsey Riikola: um that's a very good question to my knowledge, I do not think so.

864
02:28:00.850 --> 02:28:01.360
Lindsey Riikola: But I.

865
02:28:01.600 --> 02:28:02.830
Lindsey Riikola: look further into that.

866
02:28:03.160 --> 02:28:06.160
roberthawman: We did a study down in Albany.

867
02:28:07.420 --> 02:28:15.220
roberthawman: In a car stereo using surface waves, you know looking for sinkholes and so forth, and while we were doing that we noticed that.

868
02:28:15.760 --> 02:28:33.310
roberthawman: Using the direct P way was another way to kind of validate what we were seeing, so the delays in the direct P wave kind of correspond to this some of our low velocities that we saw in the sheer waves so just another piece of data you're recording it anyway.

869
02:28:34.060 --> 02:28:46.390
roberthawman: And he is pretty high frequency geophones I think he is 40 hertz geophones so you got pretty you probably have pretty spiky direct arrivals that might might be pretty worthwhile looking at.

870
02:28:47.500 --> 02:28:53.560
Lindsey Riikola: Yes, I think i'm actually going to be studying more into that so once I finished with that data how let you know.

871
02:28:54.520 --> 02:28:56.020
roberthawman: Sure okay sweet stuff.

872
02:28:56.860 --> 02:28:58.060
Lindsey Riikola: Thank you, yes it is.

873
02:29:02.050 --> 02:29:05.170
Lorraine Wolf: And then questions for Lindsay Monday did a good job.

874
02:29:06.850 --> 02:29:07.780
Lindsey Riikola: Thank you.

875
02:29:15.850 --> 02:29:16.270
Okay.

876
02:29:25.420 --> 02:29:29.740
Lorraine Wolf: We have one more talk that should start in about 30 or 40 seconds.

877
02:29:32.110 --> 02:29:33.130
Lindsey Riikola: Thank you again.

878
02:29:36.340 --> 02:29:58.690
roberthawman: What the heck we'll just go ahead, so the next talk is entitled geophysical characterization of the Old City cemetery in murfreesboro Tennessee using ground penetrating radar authors are 50 car alarm bill doll and large cartel and Dr alarm will do our will present the material.

879
02:30:08.800 --> 02:30:09.250
Iftekhar Alam: Thank you.

880
02:30:10.360 --> 02:30:12.310
Iftekhar Alam: Thank you everyone, and thanks for joining.

881
02:30:13.720 --> 02:30:25.930
Iftekhar Alam: So i'm gonna be talking about something I have never planned as a PhD student when I was working on active seismic after graduating from our and about nine and a half years ago.

882
02:30:27.370 --> 02:30:40.150
Iftekhar Alam: But this is very interesting project started after coming to Tennessee in collaboration with the bill doll and Laura portal from Can you see my screen.

883
02:30:42.130 --> 02:30:42.370
Okay.

884
02:30:43.510 --> 02:30:44.950
Iftekhar Alam: Can you expand your screen.

885
02:30:45.940 --> 02:30:47.950
Lorraine Wolf: to fall, or you just did it nevermind.

886
02:30:49.240 --> 02:30:52.030
Iftekhar Alam: So this is about.

887
02:30:53.410 --> 02:31:00.760
Iftekhar Alam: Also, the cemetery murfreesboro and categorizing some of their unmarked bias and the.

888
02:31:02.170 --> 02:31:04.090
Iftekhar Alam: objective, let me just.

889
02:31:05.980 --> 02:31:11.380
Iftekhar Alam: Oh yeah yeah so the objective of this work is to understand.

890
02:31:12.520 --> 02:31:16.180
Iftekhar Alam: The applicability of geophysical sensors characterizing cemeteries.

891
02:31:17.230 --> 02:31:18.100
Iftekhar Alam: As well as.

892
02:31:19.150 --> 02:31:28.720
Iftekhar Alam: To look and understand the GPS signatures associated with the burial sites at the Old City cemetery in murfreesboro Tennessee.

893
02:31:30.250 --> 02:31:50.890
Iftekhar Alam: Also to assist them rather for country archaeological society individualized industry side, so this was also part of the project for the for the county geological society and they're not innovation process of rebuilding process in finding those are multiple mark barriers okay.

894
02:31:55.060 --> 02:32:05.770
Iftekhar Alam: Alright, so i'll be taking you through the site history and the techniques, we have applied detect position models and results and discussion.

895
02:32:07.480 --> 02:32:19.210
Iftekhar Alam: So, to start with just going to give you some brief site history, why was it important for us to go there and actually work in this project and.

896
02:32:20.020 --> 02:32:37.150
Iftekhar Alam: So the Old City cemetery is the oldest historic site in murfreesboro and, as you can see here in the speaker, this is the outline this black outline of the cemetery the buried archaeological site is the original first Presbyterian church.

897
02:32:38.320 --> 02:32:48.520
Iftekhar Alam: Around 1820 and the city's first public cemetery opened in 1837, and this is here where the church outline is located.

898
02:32:49.780 --> 02:32:58.870
Iftekhar Alam: Right in the white rectangle and we have interest cemetery around this area, and you can see, probably some of the headstones throat.

899
02:33:00.310 --> 02:33:11.500
Iftekhar Alam: So the first Presbyterian Church was the location of significant social and political events and similar activities Okay, so it can consist, a lot of history.

900
02:33:12.100 --> 02:33:25.180
Iftekhar Alam: So that's why they wanted to sort of just take care of this piece of history founding families soldiers, the enslaved and other are living residents of the city of buried buried here.

901
02:33:25.990 --> 02:33:34.900
Iftekhar Alam: He said that the Church was the birthplace of the Democratic Party, it was used as a hospital and Union encampment during the civil war.

902
02:33:35.620 --> 02:33:55.060
Iftekhar Alam: And Union soldiers destroyed the original building and desegregated the cemetery So you can see here in the figure image, so there are some people from Bradford archaeological society they've been working to sort of polishing the headstones and all those.

903
02:33:56.410 --> 02:33:57.910
Iftekhar Alam: Science of burials.

904
02:34:00.790 --> 02:34:08.230
Iftekhar Alam: The most significant event in the church's history happened in August in 22 there's just some history i'm trying to take you through.

905
02:34:08.680 --> 02:34:15.250
Iftekhar Alam: When a special session of the Tennessee General Assembly was held there at the special session the state.

906
02:34:15.850 --> 02:34:25.690
Iftekhar Alam: of house representative and state senate nominated Andrew Jackson for the US Presidency as jackson's most important endorsement for the Presidency this set.

907
02:34:26.290 --> 02:34:46.270
Iftekhar Alam: The stage for old hickory to run the President in 1824 which he lost to john quincy Adams, however Jackson was eventually elected in 28 in 1828 you know and his followers to form the Democratic Party, so I have learned a lot of history to while working on this project.

908
02:34:48.550 --> 02:34:52.420
Iftekhar Alam: which I was not familiar, so this is pretty exciting for me.

909
02:34:54.280 --> 02:34:56.560
Iftekhar Alam: Now let's get back to.

910
02:34:58.690 --> 02:35:21.670
Iftekhar Alam: why we are here so so we used actually three different techniques, one is obviously the GPS and we applied magnetic and em However, the GPS and some correlation of the magnetic and we're showing you here today, so used five different colors of four floors and flags navigating.

911
02:35:22.870 --> 02:35:31.270
Iftekhar Alam: About Point five meters spacing out over the GPS transcripts or one meter apart, we did not use a point five meters spacing.

912
02:35:32.290 --> 02:35:39.250
Iftekhar Alam: And it was a 4000 so 4000, as you can see here is a by static and in.

913
02:35:40.480 --> 02:35:42.850
Iftekhar Alam: And 350 megahertz.

914
02:35:44.170 --> 02:35:45.850
Iftekhar Alam: You know hyper stack and you know.

915
02:35:47.530 --> 02:35:48.400
Iftekhar Alam: So we have.

916
02:35:49.930 --> 02:35:52.390
Iftekhar Alam: kind of like ran through the entire.

917
02:35:53.680 --> 02:36:10.570
Iftekhar Alam: cemetery However, we have some challenges in the survey so don't have stones in the middle of our transcripts fences power lines and trees, so when i'm going to show you the data in a little bit, you will realize, a lot of.

918
02:36:13.000 --> 02:36:28.060
Iftekhar Alam: Like at the beginning there's a huge wavelength shift, so we had to just pull the card in lot of places to take it over to some of the headstones and there is an offset a shift between the ground and the.

919
02:36:28.810 --> 02:36:35.860
Iftekhar Alam: body and so have some so that is kind of quite challenging and you know, make the data, a little.

920
02:36:37.930 --> 02:36:39.160
Iftekhar Alam: Not very clean.

921
02:36:40.720 --> 02:37:03.520
Iftekhar Alam: We did not have continuous GPS reception due to the trees and buildings, the ground, so we need plot into data and from the 3D we do not see a lot of the lines, although we had the scans but that poor GPS receptions towards the edges, we do not have a 3D.

922
02:37:04.660 --> 02:37:07.060
Iftekhar Alam: Like plotted plots for those lines.

923
02:37:08.170 --> 02:37:19.000
Iftekhar Alam: Also, clear limit gpo penetration how about our depth of interest is within a meter or two so that kind of worked out.

924
02:37:21.910 --> 02:37:29.290
Iftekhar Alam: So you can see here, these are our line passes the transcripts and we do not see this lines here.

925
02:37:30.280 --> 02:37:43.870
Iftekhar Alam: As you can see, is the Western side it's kind of em to cannot plot, the data we have the to the lines, but he could not plot it as a 30 hour, we have enough to work with most of the cemetery is covered.

926
02:37:46.870 --> 02:37:57.940
Iftekhar Alam: So some of the parameters of the data acquisition here like the 34 scans per second like some games like five point game and five samples per second.

927
02:37:58.990 --> 02:38:14.170
Iftekhar Alam: And it's a single channel top surfaces so probably we've covered about trying to acquire up to three meter however there's nothing below like probably one and a half to two meter cannot see much.

928
02:38:18.130 --> 02:38:31.090
Iftekhar Alam: This is the 3D plot is the raw data, as it shows here, you can see a lot of spiky nature this blue represents the positive highest amplitude and this red.

929
02:38:31.570 --> 02:38:52.150
Iftekhar Alam: Is the lowest temperature can, this is not, and this is our transits on the green so suspect Maybe it is because of the GPS dropouts, as you can see here, we cannot end and we're still working on solving some of the issues, so the work is ongoing and.

930
02:38:53.470 --> 02:38:58.210
Iftekhar Alam: Every day, I will learn something new and we fix that and there's something that's coming.

931
02:39:00.010 --> 02:39:02.440
Iftekhar Alam: We fix as as we're going.

932
02:39:04.150 --> 02:39:22.390
Iftekhar Alam: Now i'm going to show you the lines cans okay exactly the raw data as it looks like it's about roughly 205 meters, so we have shown you a biography not south or line passes well so to get.

933
02:39:22.450 --> 02:39:24.010
Iftekhar Alam: To 205 meters.

934
02:39:24.160 --> 02:39:33.520
Iftekhar Alam: and towards the Western side those lines are actually decreasing, because the boundary is kind of diagonal on the Western side So these are.

935
02:39:34.030 --> 02:39:46.570
Iftekhar Alam: rafi data, as you can see here, and this is processed data, which is after filtering so i'm showing you here to raw and corresponding process data.

936
02:39:47.320 --> 02:39:57.190
Iftekhar Alam: and processes applied in this work, so far we marched obviously the geometry and times your adjustments i'll have to find a surface.

937
02:39:57.970 --> 02:40:13.540
Iftekhar Alam: And then background removal some of the background noises and you know, like electric wires cables running around frequency filtering so I have not i'm not gonna.

938
02:40:14.590 --> 02:40:36.040
Iftekhar Alam: i'm not sure will not share the migrated data yet okay we're still localizing or catalyzing the barriers so if I have to show you a closer view of the data, this is what it looks like in the raw data and basically.

939
02:40:38.140 --> 02:40:49.060
Iftekhar Alam: When we looked at the data first we're like you have to go back and cannot really do anything with the data that's the first impression bill was like talking about.

940
02:40:50.980 --> 02:40:52.840
Iftekhar Alam: can do much so.

941
02:40:54.250 --> 02:41:06.250
Iftekhar Alam: like this is a how about this is like summer 2019 when we did that, so we slowly worked on this and try to make sense now I wanted to.

942
02:41:07.150 --> 02:41:27.070
Iftekhar Alam: Look at this top this huge web link red blue red and also some of these rectangles so roughly one meter with now after the time G zero adjustments, you can also see the depth from zero to three meter.

943
02:41:28.330 --> 02:41:29.080
Iftekhar Alam: So.

944
02:41:32.020 --> 02:41:39.820
Iftekhar Alam: This is where we have taken out that huge web link and roughly we could locate some.

945
02:41:40.840 --> 02:41:53.350
Iftekhar Alam: amplitude around half a meter depth, which is approximately less than 1.6 feet or so and we see some hyperbolic.

946
02:41:54.700 --> 02:42:14.110
Iftekhar Alam: move out not very clear, as you can see here, but there is some sharp okay edgy hyperbolic feature so, because if you if you look at the frequency bands it's there's so many so much high frequency in the data.

947
02:42:15.340 --> 02:42:17.290
Iftekhar Alam: So roughly, this is a.

948
02:42:19.600 --> 02:42:20.290
Iftekhar Alam: We go.

949
02:42:22.000 --> 02:42:25.510
Iftekhar Alam: Yes, 507 50 so.

950
02:42:26.620 --> 02:42:32.500
Iftekhar Alam: I went ahead and tried a bunch of filtering so after the filter.

951
02:42:35.530 --> 02:42:36.790
Iftekhar Alam: kind of looks like.

952
02:42:38.560 --> 02:42:39.040
Iftekhar Alam: This.

953
02:42:40.600 --> 02:42:43.600
Iftekhar Alam: So we took out all the higher bands.

954
02:42:44.620 --> 02:42:56.890
Iftekhar Alam: Get the first band okay and applied some three points smoothing I have while filtering just to average out things a little bit so now.

955
02:42:57.910 --> 02:43:03.880
Iftekhar Alam: If I compare see this event, right here, and some of this event.

956
02:43:05.710 --> 02:43:11.680
Iftekhar Alam: Here, something and then there are some hyperbolic features.

957
02:43:13.510 --> 02:43:14.530
Iftekhar Alam: Let me go back.

958
02:43:16.540 --> 02:43:30.700
Iftekhar Alam: So this is the comparison, we can see, and this we see this to fit, just like this hyperbolic associated with mostly there's a low amplitude like the dropping empty tears, as you can see.

959
02:43:31.390 --> 02:43:50.050
Iftekhar Alam: And we have measured this week about roughly one meter so I went ahead, and you know, Google searched what is the width of conventional coffin size, so this is about like roughly 30 inches on the batteries.

960
02:43:51.400 --> 02:43:53.650
Iftekhar Alam: So that kind of falls.

961
02:43:54.790 --> 02:43:57.790
Iftekhar Alam: somewhere else in the one meter range okay as.

962
02:43:58.900 --> 02:44:13.900
Iftekhar Alam: You have noticed in our acquisition, we have then in this knots of direction so most of these barriers are east, west aligning east, west so chances are we would likely hit the.

963
02:44:14.830 --> 02:44:16.690
Iftekhar Alam: y axis okay.

964
02:44:17.020 --> 02:44:36.520
Iftekhar Alam: y axis of those of you know burials or coffins whatever are there, so there are features throughout similar features throughout all these lines can so I went ahead and kind of to the GPS locations of this hyperbolic events.

965
02:44:37.750 --> 02:44:48.580
Iftekhar Alam: We took the lat long and protect those However, I want to take you through the surfaces before that, so this is the difference.

966
02:44:49.990 --> 02:44:50.770
Iftekhar Alam: A transparent.

967
02:44:52.060 --> 02:45:07.240
Iftekhar Alam: horizon at point five meter depth from Point five meter depth, this is 1.7 million that this one is one point about one meter depth than 1.25 meter depth now, as you can see.

968
02:45:07.600 --> 02:45:08.200
as it could.

969
02:45:10.150 --> 02:45:10.570
Iftekhar Alam: Probably.

970
02:45:11.680 --> 02:45:13.090
Iftekhar Alam: low point seven five.

971
02:45:14.020 --> 02:45:17.710
Iftekhar Alam: To one meter with a lot of high you know high amplitude.

972
02:45:18.040 --> 02:45:18.460
Bill: noise.

973
02:45:18.670 --> 02:45:32.320
Iftekhar Alam: But not sure about this, how can interpret but mostly the expected burials could be around as we expect around roughly half meter to one meter where you also see this or.

974
02:45:33.220 --> 02:45:44.110
Iftekhar Alam: Top surface kind of shows up and under and mostly extends about roughly one to 1.25 meter hall of this barrier not drops low.

975
02:45:45.400 --> 02:45:52.480
Iftekhar Alam: amplitude features, so this surfaces, we can see here, this is a huge stone.

976
02:45:54.430 --> 02:46:15.880
Iftekhar Alam: talking with the with the from record from Laura we found out there may be a burial of like three 4% together so that could show up as a huge blue and some of this blues are associated with some of these headstones, however.

977
02:46:16.930 --> 02:46:21.340
Iftekhar Alam: As you can see here also this side, there is no surface expression of anything.

978
02:46:22.420 --> 02:46:34.450
Iftekhar Alam: Mostly, it was the southern side, where they're expecting those unmarked barriers, however, as I mentioned those hyper bowlers so I went to had.

979
02:46:35.980 --> 02:46:55.900
Iftekhar Alam: Several like you know, several light scans and mark the lat longs of those hyper bolus and applauded those pins here so some of these hyper bowlers are close to these headstones like you can see here this one, this one here.

980
02:46:57.100 --> 02:46:57.730
Iftekhar Alam: again.

981
02:47:02.530 --> 02:47:13.510
Iftekhar Alam: Again, this one is close, so there again this this one, and this to that too, so we can see it distribution of both.

982
02:47:14.530 --> 02:47:28.600
Iftekhar Alam: The spins falling hyper bullets falling around those headstones and some like this, where we don't have any surface expressions, we went ahead and plotted those surfaces, so this is the point five meter.

983
02:47:29.680 --> 02:47:33.070
Iftekhar Alam: surface from point one five meter depth, so we can see, this is very.

984
02:47:34.330 --> 02:47:46.000
Iftekhar Alam: Engaging this feature here and we could see this high amplitude here with we have this huge barrier and also this white some of these white also represents this high employee Dudes.

985
02:47:47.140 --> 02:47:58.690
Iftekhar Alam: up again here, something close something close something close, you can see, this headstones here this close to these headstones so we're trying to characterize.

986
02:47:59.800 --> 02:48:16.810
Iftekhar Alam: or trying to match these characteristics, where we see those hyper bowlers and some headstones on the surface, where we do not see anything Okay, but we can have those pins and some of this and produce anomalous behavior.

987
02:48:19.120 --> 02:48:46.600
Iftekhar Alam: This is a 4.75 meters surface again, we can see, as we go point five, this amplitude so increasing Point seven five will represent approximately two and have it roughly two 2.2 fits or so so, which is a adept corresponding depth probably a barrier like in our top surface maybe.

988
02:48:48.160 --> 02:49:08.020
Iftekhar Alam: So we see a lot of high amplitude here, and this is that zone where we do not have any a must have a know pretty much know headstones around this area again this area cannot have any 3D on this side because of the GPS reception so some discrepancies.

989
02:49:09.250 --> 02:49:24.940
Iftekhar Alam: Now the plotted this magnetic, this is the magnetic the surface, so we see this if we compare like basically we picked some of those larger stones.

990
02:49:25.750 --> 02:49:39.880
Iftekhar Alam: As a reference and we kind of guide our surfaces through there, so we also see this huge magnetic expression around this large feature this one here.

991
02:49:41.590 --> 02:49:49.660
Iftekhar Alam: there's a little long linear amplitude here, this is probably characterized as a gravel road or something.

992
02:49:50.830 --> 02:50:00.280
Iftekhar Alam: Those times, but now that we have this magnetic and we sort of have some from this GP raider.

993
02:50:02.140 --> 02:50:02.650
Iftekhar Alam: So.

994
02:50:04.060 --> 02:50:20.080
Iftekhar Alam: This one hi magnetic again could be correlated so in those days they had I don't coffins so this could be a representative of those some of those and metal President supplementals.

995
02:50:23.020 --> 02:50:28.660
Iftekhar Alam: Now we created this profile, so this is a bill actually have to do this.

996
02:50:29.950 --> 02:50:34.600
Iftekhar Alam: So we have created this profile and both of these lines.

997
02:50:35.830 --> 02:50:38.890
Iftekhar Alam: represent us think especially in this.

998
02:50:41.080 --> 02:50:46.210
Lorraine Wolf: If the car you're gonna have to get to your conclusions, please where you're at a time.

999
02:50:58.450 --> 02:50:59.350
Iftekhar Alam: Is up with that.

1000
02:51:00.370 --> 02:51:03.100
Iftekhar Alam: So those are the just last two images with that.

1001
02:51:04.390 --> 02:51:15.700
Iftekhar Alam: We could conclude that from so far, what we have gained a gpo matters show some anomalies related to the unknown barriers within a depth range between Point five to one meter.

1002
02:51:16.870 --> 02:51:28.390
Iftekhar Alam: And, as well as the GPS data have some nice of unknown origin and artifacts due to lifting of the car to you know markers or Arab reflections above the ground services.

1003
02:51:29.140 --> 02:51:42.670
Iftekhar Alam: Or the stones gallstones and the project also demonstrates the utility of different systems for cemetery assessment in this geographic region so in going forward, I would like to migrate, the data and plot those.

1004
02:51:44.470 --> 02:51:57.370
Iftekhar Alam: plot those depression, as this depth surface to see where do they fall in our cemetery especially especially that i'd like to thank a lot of people here.

1005
02:51:57.910 --> 02:52:05.380
Iftekhar Alam: And tenant University of Tennessee other for candy archaeological society you take a body form they also helped organizing this.

1006
02:52:06.190 --> 02:52:19.060
Iftekhar Alam: Empty Su students Oliver Thompson and toast them and expression instrument for learning the equipment's Thank you for listening i'll take any questions comments or suggestions.

1007
02:52:32.080 --> 02:52:32.830
Iftekhar Alam: you're muted.

1008
02:52:40.720 --> 02:52:41.440
Iftekhar Alam: you're muted.

1009
02:52:44.770 --> 02:52:46.240
Lorraine Wolf: Always when I want to be muted.

1010
02:52:48.100 --> 02:52:59.620
Lorraine Wolf: Thank you, we can take questions to any of the speakers, or to if car, if you have questions about his presentation we have about a 10 minute break coming up so.

1011
02:53:01.660 --> 02:53:05.950
Lorraine Wolf: Take a few minutes for anybody has any pressing questions, otherwise we'll.

1012
02:53:09.220 --> 02:53:14.320
Lorraine Wolf: leave for a few minutes and come back for the exciting return the finale.

1013
02:53:21.130 --> 02:53:24.040
roberthawman: hey just a car, just a quick question.

1014
02:53:26.110 --> 02:53:33.130
roberthawman: And I don't know the answer to this are these burial shafts would you expect them to be all oriented in the same direction.

1015
02:53:33.970 --> 02:53:35.080
Iftekhar Alam: They are actually.

1016
02:53:35.950 --> 02:53:36.820
roberthawman: Is it north, south.

1017
02:53:38.590 --> 02:53:39.250
Iftekhar Alam: east, west.

1018
02:53:39.610 --> 02:53:40.240
Iftekhar Alam: Okay, good.

1019
02:53:41.140 --> 02:53:43.270
roberthawman: Your lines optimize the okay.

1020
02:53:44.260 --> 02:53:47.320
roberthawman: that's where you see the best chance of getting at the fraction curve.

1021
02:53:47.530 --> 02:53:51.970
roberthawman: Yes, if you migrate that stuff that a fraction theoretically would go away.

1022
02:53:52.390 --> 02:53:54.520
roberthawman: You could lose that marker for the grave chef.

1023
02:53:55.090 --> 02:53:55.600
Iftekhar Alam: yeah.

1024
02:53:55.660 --> 02:54:02.500
roberthawman: That seems to be the best way to image, that is to improve your lineup so that you can enhance your your parents and your two fractions.

1025
02:54:03.070 --> 02:54:06.760
Iftekhar Alam: yeah yeah that's why I did not actually.

1026
02:54:08.080 --> 02:54:13.330
Iftekhar Alam: Think of doing that I haven't done the migration, but it was not video like you say it.

1027
02:54:14.530 --> 02:54:16.720
Iftekhar Alam: kind of takes out the bonus.

1028
02:54:18.400 --> 02:54:29.140
Iftekhar Alam: So, but that was I was thinking of taking those a hyper bolus at the boundary and then draw horizons to see where in the depth the form.

1029
02:54:33.940 --> 02:54:35.380
roberthawman: yeah that'd be really interesting.

1030
02:54:36.580 --> 02:54:36.850
roberthawman: yeah.

1031
02:54:38.590 --> 02:54:42.490
Steve Godfrey: Can I ask what again, did you you think was the.

1032
02:54:43.870 --> 02:54:49.840
Steve Godfrey: cause of that large long linear magnetic anomaly through the Center of your side.

1033
02:54:50.860 --> 02:54:51.430
Iftekhar Alam: This is.

1034
02:54:52.900 --> 02:54:54.790
Iftekhar Alam: This probably a buried.

1035
02:54:56.800 --> 02:55:10.270
Iftekhar Alam: line of metal like electric pipes or something is not clear yet and I don't think they have any record clear record of those because.

1036
02:55:11.770 --> 02:55:12.910
Iftekhar Alam: Not many of those.

1037
02:55:14.020 --> 02:55:16.060
Iftekhar Alam: Even by burials actually.

1038
02:55:17.080 --> 02:55:26.500
Iftekhar Alam: Has those records kept suddenly like few years ago they took this project, because people have been actually stop stealing headstones.

1039
02:55:27.730 --> 02:55:39.400
Iftekhar Alam: And there was, vandalism and those gates were broken so suddenly they're trying to preserve those records whatever but.

1040
02:55:40.450 --> 02:55:46.990
Iftekhar Alam: I would suspect, and what talking to bill he mentioned could be buried electric.

1041
02:55:48.250 --> 02:55:48.910
Iftekhar Alam: pipes are.

1042
02:55:55.870 --> 02:55:56.590
Iftekhar Alam: You muted.

1043
02:56:14.920 --> 02:55:59.000
Lorraine Wolf: There are no other questions, I suggest we take a break and stretch your legs and we'll reconvene here for the East for a poster session at 435.

1044
02:55:59.001 --> 02:55:59.700
Sean Pinardi: i'm here yeah.

1045
02:56:00.540 --> 02:56:00.990
So.

1046
02:56:02.340 --> 02:56:13.680
Iftekhar Alam: Welcome, again, so this is our last segment, but the very exciting one we have, but the 90s of he posters and to start with the posters.

1047
02:56:14.430 --> 02:56:30.000
Iftekhar Alam: I would invite the Sean penn agree to talk about the title of the poster is I didn't define the origin of a prominent typography selenium and near the news Madrid seismic zones in the northern Mississippi environment.

1048
02:56:30.750 --> 02:56:46.140
Iftekhar Alam: From department of arts and sciences University of memphis and also the Co author ricky randall from university of memphis So if you could share the screen.

1049
02:56:47.550 --> 02:56:47.850
Lorraine Wolf: Just.

1050
02:57:03.750 --> 02:57:14.250
Hello everybody, my name is Sean penn RT and the title of my project is identifying the origin of a prominent topographic lineaments near the new manager and seismic zone in the northern Mississippi and payment.

1051
02:57:14.670 --> 02:57:21.720
For those of you that don't know the new Madrid seismic zone is the most seismically active region in the United States East of the rocky mountains.

1052
02:57:21.990 --> 02:57:29.220
And there are several topographic lineaments within the new Madrid seismic zones that correspond to a network of false associated with the real foot rift.

1053
02:57:29.550 --> 02:57:38.670
One such Lindemann extends 150 kilometers from eastern Arkansas through Western Tennessee and into southern Kentucky along the southeastern margin of the real foot rift.

1054
02:57:39.180 --> 02:57:47.520
Paleo psychological studies suggest the southern segment of the lineaments corresponds to a pair of steeply dipping strikes slip balls, as you all can see and figure one.

1055
02:57:47.850 --> 02:58:02.160
However, the northern segment of millennium is seismically quiescent and has been labeled a flu or happy terrorists by several geologists in the past in order to identify whether the origin of the lineaments northern segment is structurally related to the real foot rift.

1056
02:58:03.210 --> 02:58:09.930
Similar to its southern counterpart, the can cavity of the lineaments slope, as well as several known fault scarf and terrorists risers slopes.

1057
02:58:10.140 --> 02:58:15.960
Were quantified and then compared to one another in order to identify morphologic similarities and differences between each.

1058
02:58:16.320 --> 02:58:26.940
The procedure that I used to quantify the can cavity of escarpment slopes involved several different steps, first I attained high Resolution one meter lidar data from the usgs 3D elevation Program.

1059
02:58:27.210 --> 02:58:38.340
And five meter lidar data from the Louisiana state wildlife our project next I use dark map to create a total of 54 different elevation profiles perpendicular to the quincy normal fault scarf and Louisiana.

1060
02:58:38.640 --> 02:58:48.000
Real for thrust fault scarf and several hashi terrorists risers wherever there weren't any topographic features such as drainage channels that can interfere with the natural cavity of each slope.

1061
02:58:48.420 --> 02:58:55.500
All of the escarpment included in my analysis were primarily selected based on their age with ology and proximity to the lineage and.

1062
02:58:55.740 --> 02:59:04.200
In order to minimize the regional differences that could influence their shape each and every one of the elevation profiles that were drawn along each scars are shown in figure two.

1063
02:59:05.370 --> 02:59:15.210
After creating elevation profiles along each scarf I use SAS to generate six Florida polynomial curves for each profile in order to smooth out surface irregularities and.

1064
02:59:15.990 --> 02:59:18.600
Create accurate curve equations for each profile on.

1065
02:59:18.990 --> 02:59:25.890
Once I had an accurate curve equation for each profile line I used wolfram cloud to calculate several first derivatives indicative of slow.

1066
02:59:26.130 --> 02:59:35.580
And second derivatives indicative of can cavity I used first derivatives in order to identify where the crest and toe of each scarf elevation profile reached the slope of less than 1%.

1067
02:59:35.910 --> 02:59:41.370
That information was then used to help calculate 10 equally space second derivatives along each profile on.

1068
02:59:41.850 --> 02:59:50.940
After that I averaged all the second derivatives for each profile and eventually all of the profiles along scarf so that I can perform several T tests using SAS in order to.

1069
02:59:51.360 --> 03:00:05.400
Compare similarities between the means, the final results in my cavity analysis or interesting for a few different reasons first my test results suggest the cavity of the de quincey fault and real foot thrusters statistically similar to each other.

1070
03:00:06.360 --> 03:00:19.230
But not that have she terrorists at a standard 0.05 significance level second my results suggest the cavity of the lineaments scarf is not similar to the hagee terrorists, but that it is similar to both fault scarves that is 0.05 significance level.

1071
03:00:19.680 --> 03:00:26.700
My results also indicate the cavity of the lineaments scarpa slightly more similar to the real foot thrust forward scarf than the quincy normal fault scar.

1072
03:00:27.030 --> 03:00:36.120
However, that could simply be due to where I drew my profile lines because high coefficient of variation suggest the cavity of each scarf fluctuates considerably from end to end.

1073
03:00:36.660 --> 03:00:43.710
While drawing elevation profiles along the limit and three other linear topographic features trending in the northeast Southwest direction were discovered.

1074
03:00:43.980 --> 03:00:49.740
My results indicate all three lineaments have a script that is more similar to a fault scarf than a flavio terrorists riser.

1075
03:00:50.070 --> 03:00:59.700
However, only three linear only lineaments three has a scarf that is similar to both fault scarves and not that big terrorists at is 0.05 significance level.

1076
03:01:00.450 --> 03:01:08.850
All of the elevation profiles for each of the three extra lineaments can be seen in Figure three all the cavity and dispersion results for each and every scarf that was analyzed.

1077
03:01:09.090 --> 03:01:15.210
can be seen in table one and all of my test results for each of the four different lineaments can be seen in table to.

1078
03:01:15.570 --> 03:01:24.000
In the end, my results suggest three important things first my results suggest that flu bl terrorists risers are significantly more concave than fault scarves on average.

1079
03:01:24.240 --> 03:01:34.650
Because water is more effective agent of erosion than wind second my results suggest the main cavity of the lineage and scarf is significantly more similar to that of a false carp than a previous terrorists riser.

1080
03:01:34.920 --> 03:01:45.720
indicating millennium, it is indeed a false carp and third my results suggest the linear man is most likely an Echelon splay in the southeastern are real foot ref margin strikes at fault system.

1081
03:01:45.990 --> 03:01:50.790
Because through other closely space north east, south west trending lineaments were discovered during my analysis.

1082
03:01:51.000 --> 03:02:02.070
Two of them have a cavity slightly more similar to that every false carp than a flavio terrorists riser and one of them has a cavity significantly more similar to that of a fault scarf, then I flew to terrorists riser Thank you all for your time.

1083
03:02:06.270 --> 03:02:09.840
Iftekhar Alam: Oh good question for Sean Thank you Sean.

1084
03:02:10.980 --> 03:02:11.430
Sean Pinardi: Thank you.

1085
03:02:13.770 --> 03:02:14.310
Iftekhar Alam: Anybody.

1086
03:02:17.010 --> 03:02:22.560
Iftekhar Alam: We have a question in the chat, what do you think the next step should be.

1087
03:02:23.730 --> 03:02:37.380
Sean Pinardi: um well actually I just finished running an er T survey along the scarf or along the lineaments skirt and the results do show it looks like good evidence of faulting right where we expected.

1088
03:02:37.890 --> 03:02:55.980
Sean Pinardi: um i've also performed a hype symmetric analysis that I have the o'brien river basin that I have not included or that I didn't talk about on my poster but I, it also it's it's confirming all of my other results and um.

1089
03:02:57.360 --> 03:03:03.360
Sean Pinardi: But ideally for the cavity analysis, you know it'd be great just to analyze more scarves.

1090
03:03:04.470 --> 03:03:12.090
Sean Pinardi: More terraces to collect more data to to obtain more definitive results.

1091
03:03:13.500 --> 03:03:19.890
Iftekhar Alam: Thank you Sean So the question was from Shannon browning just so you know so.

1092
03:03:21.390 --> 03:03:24.060
Iftekhar Alam: we'll move to the next, we have about a minute.

1093
03:03:26.130 --> 03:03:29.070
Iftekhar Alam: So if anybody has any quick question.

1094
03:03:30.150 --> 03:03:32.190
Iftekhar Alam: They can ask do you apply any.

1095
03:03:33.210 --> 03:03:36.000
Iftekhar Alam: particular situation for your services.

1096
03:03:37.080 --> 03:03:38.130
Sean Pinardi: I know I didn't know.

1097
03:03:41.640 --> 03:03:42.360
David's iPad (4): yeah this is.

1098
03:03:43.980 --> 03:03:54.630
David's iPad (4): This is Dave rustam usgs and might be nice if you could turn another couple surveys across the scarves for the lineaments just to see what they look like it depth whether it's a ground penetrating radar.

1099
03:03:55.200 --> 03:04:00.090
David's iPad (4): or something like a mini associate high resolution reflection, just to CPC box set a little bit of depth.

1100
03:04:01.080 --> 03:04:07.650
Sean Pinardi: yeah i'd like to unfortunately the University of memphis didn't have access to gdpr.

1101
03:04:08.790 --> 03:04:18.360
Sean Pinardi: But they did recently by a superstar eight, which is how I was able to run an er T survey along the scar i'm.

1102
03:04:19.770 --> 03:04:22.320
Sean Pinardi: me I, it would be good, I only.

1103
03:04:25.140 --> 03:04:37.140
Iftekhar Alam: All right, Sean I think we can discuss later, so we have to invite for the next poster presentation, which is a title that entitled.

1104
03:04:38.310 --> 03:04:58.080
Iftekhar Alam: compelling grumpy integrator and electrical resistance at imaging methods to examine San blows sandler deposits in the new Madrid seismic zone will be presented by Stephen Matthews from auburn university and this poster is co authored by can go urban sorry i'm.

1105
03:04:59.280 --> 03:05:01.050
Iftekhar Alam: stephanie stephanie Rogers.

1106
03:05:05.580 --> 03:05:08.160
Iftekhar Alam: And Lorraine Lorraine on the.

1107
03:05:10.260 --> 03:05:10.620
Iftekhar Alam: map.

1108
03:05:12.330 --> 03:05:15.000
Iftekhar Alam: Marty couple i'm sorry family.

1109
03:05:16.140 --> 03:05:16.680
Iftekhar Alam: Okay yeah.

1110
03:05:17.970 --> 03:05:25.080
Lorraine Wolf: that's okay Sean did you want to finish your statement it looked like we got to cut you off in the middle of your sentence.

1111
03:05:25.410 --> 03:05:28.560
Sean Pinardi: Oh no that's okay it wasn't too important.

1112
03:05:29.070 --> 03:05:34.650
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, well, hopefully we can catch that in in the next talk i'm sorry you got cut off.

1113
03:05:35.040 --> 03:05:35.580
yours.

1114
03:05:56.850 --> 03:06:02.040
Good afternoon, my name is Stephen Matthews and i'll be presenting on.

1115
03:06:03.150 --> 03:06:11.250
Comparing ground penetrating radar and electrical resistance imaging methods to examine San blow deposits in the new Madrid seismic zone.

1116
03:06:12.840 --> 03:06:23.580
To begin, we will of course be using both of these geophysical survey techniques both ground penetrating radar gdpr and electrical resistance at tomography or er T.

1117
03:06:24.240 --> 03:06:37.560
and focusing on examining liquefaction features in the new Madrid seismic zones and area which has had at least three major ground shaking sequences that have induced liquefaction throughout the area.

1118
03:06:38.880 --> 03:06:57.450
The most prominent of those liquefaction features being sand blows and they're related San tykes For that reason, our study area is along the Axial fault at a site that has been entrenched previously to confirm the presence of at least one send whoa.

1119
03:06:59.580 --> 03:07:11.370
For methods were using a 400 megahertz by static gdpr which is capable of producing interpretive imagery have up to four meters and depth.

1120
03:07:12.360 --> 03:07:25.260
Our total north to south survey length of was about 360 meters and for the er T we use a two meter constant spread dipole dipole Ray.

1121
03:07:25.740 --> 03:07:39.360
This is going to give us a decent resolution even in the shallow subsurface and is unaffected by horizontal continuity and reflectors like the gdpr would be rather the er T.

1122
03:07:41.760 --> 03:07:47.640
is going to produce resistive at values which are related to porosity and permeability.

1123
03:07:49.530 --> 03:08:04.800
So soil samples were also taken at the site with an auger to give us a better idea of what the actual soils in the subsurface we're going to look like and to give them more accurate dielectric constant for the gdpr.

1124
03:08:06.660 --> 03:08:16.890
From here let's take a look at figure for our process gdpr imagery shows a characteristic pattern thats related to these sand blows.

1125
03:08:17.520 --> 03:08:30.180
A strong reflector representing the contact between the base of the sand below and the underlying silty or clay soils, as well as a deepening of that contact as it thickens.

1126
03:08:30.600 --> 03:08:40.020
toward what we interpret to be the central event or duck now the event or dyck is interpreted as being the area where those.

1127
03:08:41.430 --> 03:08:48.300
reflectors become discontinuous it's a stretch of disrupted reflections that is likely, due to a.

1128
03:08:50.040 --> 03:08:58.320
Vertical area of sediment heterogeneity so we're not seeing any reflectors but then that because all of the sentiments are similar.

1129
03:09:00.510 --> 03:09:13.260
In figure five, we can see that the er T data is represented by two dimensional surface of resist devotees were higher resistance is related to a coarser settlement deposit.

1130
03:09:14.100 --> 03:09:24.510
such as the standard blow and a low resistance, it is going to be related to a clay or a silt like an abandoned channel deposit or a back squat deposit.

1131
03:09:26.880 --> 03:09:44.460
figure five a the gdpr line scan, we can see a more complex series of these reflectors horizontally, but with the context that were offered with the er T, we can still interpret those reflectors.

1132
03:09:47.550 --> 03:09:52.650
We interpret those as not being discontinuous but rather having soil clasts.

1133
03:09:54.300 --> 03:10:06.000
which create the actual horizontal boundary this is likely, why we're seeing a lower resistance value between those actual sand blows in the er T image.

1134
03:10:07.530 --> 03:10:16.200
In conclusion, each method makes up for the largest drawback of the other while gdpr produces a higher resolution low depth of penetration.

1135
03:10:16.410 --> 03:10:24.810
The our team produces a low resolution high depth penetration, which provides context for those reflectors in the gdpr.

1136
03:10:25.110 --> 03:10:43.260
Also source sands and dykes can be much deeper than the effective and iteration of the gdpr which can help to interpret the shape of the deposit or dike and the constricting surrounding sediments that have affected how the sand blow has actually penetrated the surface.

1137
03:10:45.990 --> 03:10:48.990
Lorraine Wolf: Thank you so much for your time, you know be simple questions.

1138
03:10:54.720 --> 03:11:00.120
Lorraine Wolf: Great Thank you Stephen um i'll open the floor to questions to step.

1139
03:11:01.260 --> 03:11:04.470
Steffen Matthews: I, I see a question in the chat already.

1140
03:11:05.760 --> 03:11:16.230
Steffen Matthews: There was, have you done any trenching I personally have not done any trenching but at that same site previously trenching has been done at the.

1141
03:11:17.280 --> 03:11:21.480
Steffen Matthews: At the ditch there was an exposure that they took a look at.

1142
03:11:24.960 --> 03:11:29.820
Steffen Matthews: And that was used to compare the electrical resistance at the results.

1143
03:11:32.520 --> 03:11:41.040
Iftekhar Alam: I have a quick question so neurologists activity and GPS profile, one of the units that says AC.

1144
03:11:42.090 --> 03:11:49.830
Iftekhar Alam: The depths of different ways that like one is showing 1.5 to one the other one is five meters.

1145
03:11:50.610 --> 03:11:55.770
Steffen Matthews: Is a comparison between the gdpr and the er T.

1146
03:11:58.290 --> 03:12:15.270
Steffen Matthews: benefits from being able to see the image better there's a red star that denotes the same position in both images, because the electrical resistive it has a penetration that's more than double that of the gdpr so.

1147
03:12:15.930 --> 03:12:27.780
Steffen Matthews: The vertical axes are not equivalent, but the horizontal axes are are lined up the same However, the er T and the gdpr weren't taken.

1148
03:12:30.180 --> 03:12:39.420
Steffen Matthews: With they start and end point in the same place so i'm just representing where along that line they are with the X axis.

1149
03:12:42.720 --> 03:12:44.160
roberthawman: Stephen did you bury.

1150
03:12:44.940 --> 03:12:49.200
roberthawman: The electrode spacing at all to get a range of depths.

1151
03:12:49.950 --> 03:12:52.890
Steffen Matthews: No, we only did a two meter constant spread.

1152
03:12:57.270 --> 03:13:06.240
Iftekhar Alam: There is another question in the chat from mark Carter have you thought about developing a 3D model using both datasets.

1153
03:13:07.170 --> 03:13:25.530
Steffen Matthews: So i've looked into some literature about the 3D modeling of the sand blows, particularly in the new magid seismic zone and it's been done previously by one hour shoukri at all, alongside.

1154
03:13:25.590 --> 03:13:27.810
Steffen Matthews: Martin shuttle and.

1155
03:13:28.830 --> 03:13:29.940
Steffen Matthews: The results.

1156
03:13:31.230 --> 03:13:38.250
Steffen Matthews: Basically, show that the 3D model would be effective and looking at a large area, but for.

1157
03:13:40.410 --> 03:13:42.150
Steffen Matthews: We can't get a lot of.

1158
03:13:44.430 --> 03:13:46.620
Steffen Matthews: For what we're looking for with our results.

1159
03:13:47.910 --> 03:13:52.200
Steffen Matthews: just doing these profiles is is sufficient.

1160
03:13:57.510 --> 03:13:59.850
Lorraine Wolf: should do is it time to move on to the next.

1161
03:14:01.290 --> 03:14:12.780
Iftekhar Alam: yeah yeah so so we're gonna move to the next poster entitled coordinate faulting and the formation along the south eastern merging of the.

1162
03:14:14.190 --> 03:14:28.860
Iftekhar Alam: Real foot rift at Fort pillow rage model and Tipton counties Western Tennessee and it will be presented by Dan Larson art art sciences University of memphis and co authored by.

1163
03:14:30.180 --> 03:14:33.510
Iftekhar Alam: Again, a TEE randall hawks.

1164
03:14:34.620 --> 03:14:35.520
Iftekhar Alam: Christopher.

1165
03:14:37.860 --> 03:14:40.680
Iftekhar Alam: vandal vandalism and.

1166
03:14:42.300 --> 03:14:46.500
Iftekhar Alam: We have Christopher model all right, so I think.

1167
03:14:47.460 --> 03:14:50.910
Lorraine Wolf: yeah um, I just wanted to ask is Dan here.

1168
03:14:51.750 --> 03:14:54.600
dlarsen@memphis.edu: It is here, I I don't see my.

1169
03:14:54.600 --> 03:14:56.220
dlarsen@memphis.edu: presentation in front of me.

1170
03:14:56.310 --> 03:15:05.670
Lorraine Wolf: No, no, you won't because I haven't i'm just about ready to share the screen, but there is no video that accompanies that, so we have.

1171
03:15:05.700 --> 03:15:19.800
Lorraine Wolf: To um yeah I will I checked with GSA and they said that they didn't receive one I thought, maybe they had lost it so um I have two options for you, one is I can show the just the poster.

1172
03:15:20.880 --> 03:15:22.560
Lorraine Wolf: it's very it's very small.

1173
03:15:22.800 --> 03:15:36.630
Lorraine Wolf: But I would recommend that if you have a PDF of the poster that you share your screen and then you can zoom or point to at least the salient features that you want people to know so you could do that for your five minutes.

1174
03:15:37.740 --> 03:15:40.290
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Okay, that sounds fine i'll bring that up.

1175
03:15:41.640 --> 03:15:42.180
Lorraine Wolf: easier.

1176
03:15:42.540 --> 03:15:43.830
dlarsen@memphis.edu: I recorded a.

1177
03:15:46.590 --> 03:15:50.520
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Video and I don't know why it didn't take, but I can go ahead and.

1178
03:15:51.270 --> 03:15:59.550
Lorraine Wolf: yeah just share your screen now, I think that will be most effective for you and we'll just do the five minutes, and then you can have five minutes for questions.

1179
03:15:59.970 --> 03:16:00.810
Okay.

1180
03:16:03.210 --> 03:16:04.500
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Let me get to this.

1181
03:16:26.820 --> 03:16:27.660
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Share screen.

1182
03:16:31.980 --> 03:16:33.000
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Okay, everybody see it.

1183
03:16:35.040 --> 03:16:35.340
Lorraine Wolf: yeah.

1184
03:16:35.880 --> 03:16:52.890
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Okay cool that's great yeah so um, this is a project that we did in in sort of a third in a series of ED map projects of mapping the southeastern margin and.

1185
03:16:54.120 --> 03:17:00.930
dlarsen@memphis.edu: sort of the the bloodline north of memphis to go ahead and.

1186
03:17:02.310 --> 03:17:04.140
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Focusing on way.

1187
03:17:13.500 --> 03:17:27.750
dlarsen@memphis.edu: One of the bloodline of the Mississippi river here and basically the eastern real foot rift margin, and this is looking at the the surface geology looking for evidence for.

1188
03:17:28.920 --> 03:17:29.550
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Active.

1189
03:17:30.630 --> 03:17:53.640
dlarsen@memphis.edu: defamation any faults and things like that of course there's been plenty of subsurface work done in this area, but this is focusing on producing geologic maps is as at map is, and so our intent was to look at the fort pillow range rather unusual range in the area to.

1190
03:17:55.080 --> 03:17:58.350
dlarsen@memphis.edu: see if there is a evidence for.

1191
03:17:59.580 --> 03:18:23.760
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Recent active tectonic past, and so we did it mainly in surface exposures looking in you know everything we could see in the Greeks and along the cliffs, but we also used borehole data, and we see sort of key strategy graphic markers here being the eocene Cockfield formation.

1192
03:18:25.260 --> 03:18:38.340
dlarsen@memphis.edu: In the you seen cook mountain and the memphis sandy has seen memphis and overlain by grapples and loss and depending on if you're in the uplands or the valleys, you see different things and.

1193
03:18:39.420 --> 03:18:41.850
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Usually it's a fairly predictable.

1194
03:18:43.320 --> 03:18:53.850
dlarsen@memphis.edu: So trigger fee but However, in this area, we did not see that's free that is predictable and it took us a while to figure it out, but the ridges have a.

1195
03:18:54.870 --> 03:18:56.220
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Essentially, a.

1196
03:18:58.860 --> 03:19:17.160
dlarsen@memphis.edu: truncated upper part here, where the only the Roxana losses and over an overlying peoria preserved on pliocene grapples whereas an indirect areas we tend to get these relatively thick loveland plus and roxanna and then.

1197
03:19:18.330 --> 03:19:30.720
dlarsen@memphis.edu: peoria and there are grapples inside the loveland and then in Paleo valleys which there are a couple of these and on this map here of the Omar.

1198
03:19:33.000 --> 03:19:34.020
dlarsen@memphis.edu: geologic map.

1199
03:19:35.130 --> 03:19:37.770
dlarsen@memphis.edu: You can see where there are remote areas.

1200
03:19:38.880 --> 03:19:45.900
dlarsen@memphis.edu: And enraged areas and Paleo valleys and the Paleo valleys are basically filled in with.

1201
03:19:47.460 --> 03:20:02.370
dlarsen@memphis.edu: loveland roxanne and fury but now, with with grapples in some places with apostles and things like that they can be dated so there's some examples of each of these present and what this is.

1202
03:20:04.080 --> 03:20:16.230
dlarsen@memphis.edu: telling us is is that these red areas were actually active uplifting and sometime in the ternary and they shut off grapples into the adjacent loveland loss.

1203
03:20:17.850 --> 03:20:18.570
dlarsen@memphis.edu: and

1204
03:20:20.760 --> 03:20:25.890
dlarsen@memphis.edu: So here is a rich area and Jason intermarriage rich area.

1205
03:20:27.630 --> 03:20:36.150
dlarsen@memphis.edu: so forth, there are limited exposures, and there are some limited limitations on land access, so we really focused a lot of our attention on the.

1206
03:20:38.040 --> 03:20:39.540
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Poor pillow state park.

1207
03:20:41.400 --> 03:20:53.580
dlarsen@memphis.edu: We also did find some quarter revolting and here's an example from a location where we see love and lust up against fault up against placing gravel and there are stringers of.

1208
03:20:54.300 --> 03:21:08.190
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Of gravel going off into the last so basically supporting this this concept of the migration upward the right time and then shutting off into the loveland.

1209
03:21:10.230 --> 03:21:31.530
dlarsen@memphis.edu: nother thing we observed, is that there are a series of terraces that are observed on that are present on the Ridge and i'ma zoom in a little bit on this just to show two places one is in the gold dust quadrangle or which I show the main geologic map another one is a neighbor and dina.

1210
03:21:32.940 --> 03:21:37.260
dlarsen@memphis.edu: quadrangle and the terraces which include the.

1211
03:21:38.580 --> 03:21:39.210
dlarsen@memphis.edu: patchy.

1212
03:21:39.240 --> 03:21:41.250
dlarsen@memphis.edu: finley and humbled.

1213
03:21:42.720 --> 03:21:48.390
dlarsen@memphis.edu: In the gold dust and then the patchy and the finley over in the know dina quad.

1214
03:21:49.950 --> 03:21:56.310
dlarsen@memphis.edu: There tilted to the southeast and interesting thing here is in long for pillow rich the.

1215
03:21:57.330 --> 03:21:57.720
The.

1216
03:21:59.250 --> 03:22:05.430
dlarsen@memphis.edu: terraces go across the rich, so these data, lead to a.

1217
03:22:06.990 --> 03:22:11.430
dlarsen@memphis.edu: concept here of a an evolving to morphic system.

1218
03:22:12.630 --> 03:22:17.550
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Looking at the Mississippi river here, this is Western Tennessee.

1219
03:22:18.810 --> 03:22:29.970
dlarsen@memphis.edu: This is the hatchery river the modern hetchy rubber which basically goes along the Ridge, to the south and then further to the south, it actually comes from the southeast here and it makes a big term.

1220
03:22:31.110 --> 03:22:47.490
dlarsen@memphis.edu: And the balls that are shown in here are related to our mapping in the gold dust squad neighboring no dina drummond's and some extent, down to the lock quad just the further south west.

1221
03:22:49.830 --> 03:22:54.210
dlarsen@memphis.edu: These the be so this is basically the situation.

1222
03:22:55.530 --> 03:23:01.470
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Presently, in these these showing the blocks, we moved to two panel be here.

1223
03:23:02.580 --> 03:23:04.890
dlarsen@memphis.edu: In the middle pleistocene.

1224
03:23:07.470 --> 03:23:08.310
egarriso: than your you're up.

1225
03:23:10.230 --> 03:23:10.770
egarriso: Times up.

1226
03:23:20.490 --> 03:23:26.010
Lorraine Wolf: You want to just summarize your conclusion really quick and and then we'll go on to the next speaker.

1227
03:23:32.190 --> 03:23:37.440
dlarsen@memphis.edu: My conclusions or that for pillow rich was active in the late.

1228
03:23:39.270 --> 03:23:54.120
dlarsen@memphis.edu: place to seen as an uplifting rich and it modified the course of the hatchery river in Indian creek such that they were forced to the southeast or Southwest and.

1229
03:23:57.000 --> 03:24:09.060
dlarsen@memphis.edu: Ultimately, the hatchery river now is bent down and now discharging into the Mississippi river over here, whereas previously was discharging in that direction to the Northwest.

1230
03:24:10.380 --> 03:24:21.930
dlarsen@memphis.edu: And maybe currently active today there's still some features in the floodplain to the Mississippi that indicate that the active migration of meanders has impacted.

1231
03:24:25.320 --> 03:24:27.390
Lorraine Wolf: Thank you for that interesting talk.

1232
03:24:28.680 --> 03:24:32.520
Lorraine Wolf: i'm sorry that GSA appears to not have your video.

1233
03:24:34.560 --> 03:24:50.970
Lorraine Wolf: convenient, but maybe they can load it up after the fact, so that people who have registered for the meeting will be able to see it and hear it as well, so I suggest that maybe you could contact them to find out what the issue was and see if they can upload it.

1234
03:24:51.450 --> 03:24:51.840
Okay.

1235
03:24:54.600 --> 03:24:56.880
Iftekhar Alam: So we have our next poster.

1236
03:24:58.020 --> 03:25:12.750
Iftekhar Alam: Title high resolution chip seismic reflection profiling objects and lake granted national teton National Park wyoming and it'll be presented by Hillary Johnson and quarter, Sir, Michael make glue Ryan.

1237
03:25:14.340 --> 03:25:24.120
Iftekhar Alam: See big Ben jewelry Kevin younger than summer brown from art and environmental sciences University of Kentucky.

1238
03:25:25.470 --> 03:25:40.200
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, I just want to give the speaker a warning that your video is 12 minutes and you're allowed five so you'll hear somebody interrupt you, at about five minutes and then maybe you can conclude up with your information.

1239
03:25:40.650 --> 03:25:43.140
Hillary Johnson: yeah if you could just pause it up five minutes and all.

1240
03:25:43.320 --> 03:25:45.360
Lorraine Wolf: The questions i'll do that Thank you.

1241
03:26:04.620 --> 03:26:14.220
Iftekhar Alam: hello, my name is Hillary Johnson, and today we'll be talking about the high resolution chirp seismic reflection profiling of Jackson link located in grand teton National Park wyoming.

1242
03:26:15.090 --> 03:26:26.040
Iftekhar Alam: So this study utilizes a recently acquired high resolution chirp seismic a reflection data set to analyze the late pleistocene and Holocene strategic rfi of Jackson lake.

1243
03:26:27.000 --> 03:26:40.110
Iftekhar Alam: The Western shoreline objects and lake is actually adjacent to the teton fault, the teton fault is it down to the East Berlin wall that produces this particularly high topography of grand teton National Park.

1244
03:26:41.670 --> 03:26:48.120
This teton fall is actually considered a major seismic hazard and the US intermountain West.

1245
03:26:49.320 --> 03:26:58.830
But the absence of historical slip events limits our understanding of earthquake recurrence in this region, as well as our capacity for hazard planning and mitigation.

1246
03:27:00.540 --> 03:27:14.490
Here we're actually using the sedimentary phil Jackson late as a natural seismograph this is following the methodology of some other peer reviewed studies, a post glacial lake strata and Alaska Europe and South America.

1247
03:27:15.540 --> 03:27:19.020
As one of the first base and scale chirp surveys of this lake.

1248
03:27:20.040 --> 03:27:23.730
We have developed a new botha metric and base and fill thickness maps.

1249
03:27:24.960 --> 03:27:31.170
To illustrate the distribution of available accommodation sedimentary epicenters and the clustering GEO morphology.

1250
03:27:31.680 --> 03:27:43.950
Major potential seismic units for mapped and identified using unconformity ease and correlative confirm monies and bases within units were used to interpret them positional processes.

1251
03:27:46.050 --> 03:27:51.930
So i'm evidence of potential earthquake activity, for example, mass transport complexes.

1252
03:27:53.280 --> 03:28:04.410
They were mapped to using acoustic bases characteristics and they were put into a relative chronology which created this seismic strata graphic framework.

1253
03:28:05.550 --> 03:28:07.110
And short core was used.

1254
03:28:08.280 --> 03:28:19.050
And dated with led to 10 cesium 137 and carbon 14 and it serves as sedimentary ground truth for the shallowest reflectors.

1255
03:28:20.490 --> 03:28:38.550
It provides insight into the segmentation rates of the deep water as well this research will help guide future long coring in the base them and will be needed to establish the chronology of all interpreted late for ternary earthquake related deposits.

1256
03:28:41.190 --> 03:28:49.380
So here we have our first figure, it has four different images here they're all landsat and they're 14 years apart.

1257
03:28:50.490 --> 03:28:51.750
that's the time step.

1258
03:28:53.370 --> 03:29:01.260
And as you can see a is a near a modern lake level here that's in 2016.

1259
03:29:02.340 --> 03:29:05.010
Be is Sep tember.

1260
03:29:06.810 --> 03:29:16.830
This is actually showing a statewide row that happened from 2002 2009, as you can see the delta has moved to the south east.

1261
03:29:18.690 --> 03:29:36.780
And next we have see which is 1988 is a remarkable year because it is a third driest calendar year on record for wyoming So you can see, this sub aerial exposure of the snake river plane and the creation of land bridges to moose and cow islands.

1262
03:29:38.070 --> 03:29:43.470
And then next we have a 1974.

1263
03:29:44.730 --> 03:29:55.680
image of Jackson lake and it is similar to modern day, so this shows that the delta is more than four kilometers north of wilcox point.

1264
03:29:57.090 --> 03:30:03.990
So that just shows that the water level is influenced by climate a lot, like the lake level.

1265
03:30:11.130 --> 03:30:13.620
Hillary Johnson: yeah I don't know why it showed the wrong picture.

1266
03:30:16.860 --> 03:30:22.350
Lorraine Wolf: I don't know Okay, do you, what do you what would you like to show your poster from your own screen share.

1267
03:30:22.470 --> 03:30:27.030
Hillary Johnson: I think you can click on a button and it shows you the whole poster.

1268
03:30:27.090 --> 03:30:27.690
Lorraine Wolf: And I.

1269
03:30:28.080 --> 03:30:34.920
Lorraine Wolf: might be able to do that, I think it's might be nope tonight let's see might be no that's.

1270
03:30:36.030 --> 03:30:39.750
Hillary Johnson: I think there's like a button, here we have our first figure.

1271
03:30:41.310 --> 03:30:41.790
Lorraine Wolf: This one.

1272
03:30:42.450 --> 03:30:42.930
Lorraine Wolf: Yes.

1273
03:30:43.710 --> 03:30:44.790
Hillary Johnson: And then you minimize that.

1274
03:30:46.200 --> 03:30:46.590
Okay.

1275
03:30:50.850 --> 03:30:51.840
Lorraine Wolf: All right, we'll start again.

1276
03:30:53.340 --> 03:30:57.570
Hillary Johnson: It has four different images here they're all lands I know and there.

1277
03:30:57.660 --> 03:31:02.820
Lorraine Wolf: yeah every time I every time I play it it it just goes to your last slide.

1278
03:31:03.270 --> 03:31:04.680
Hillary Johnson: Okay that's fine.

1279
03:31:04.740 --> 03:31:04.920
Lorraine Wolf: We.

1280
03:31:05.130 --> 03:31:05.640
Lorraine Wolf: vote if you.

1281
03:31:05.670 --> 03:31:10.560
Lorraine Wolf: Talk about here, we can hear you so I could just move the figures myself.

1282
03:31:11.310 --> 03:31:12.330
Hillary Johnson: yeah if.

1283
03:31:12.360 --> 03:31:14.370
Lorraine Wolf: What would that be okay, which figured you want.

1284
03:31:14.370 --> 03:31:17.130
Hillary Johnson: yeah I think like the middle ones, are the most.

1285
03:31:17.520 --> 03:31:18.300
Lorraine Wolf: figure two.

1286
03:31:18.600 --> 03:31:20.400
Hillary Johnson: I think that's figure, two and three.

1287
03:31:21.330 --> 03:31:22.080
Lorraine Wolf: So this one.

1288
03:31:22.440 --> 03:31:30.150
Hillary Johnson: Yes, okay what actually shows, like the size makes retainer fee of like a hero line of what it would look like.

1289
03:31:31.230 --> 03:31:36.480
Hillary Johnson: So it has like the mega turbo guides and the mass transport complexes which are.

1290
03:31:37.140 --> 03:31:53.670
Hillary Johnson: seismically triggered, so this is on some of the evidence for Paleo earthquakes that we've seen in the lake and then we have some of these drapes and then you see like a hole in a possible gas chimney so like this is really high quality.

1291
03:31:54.960 --> 03:31:58.080
Hillary Johnson: chirp seismic data so um.

1292
03:31:59.130 --> 03:32:03.330
Hillary Johnson: yeah any questions, I can answer right off the BAT.

1293
03:32:04.020 --> 03:32:06.300
Lorraine Wolf: Did you want to show any of your other figure.

1294
03:32:06.600 --> 03:32:07.950
Hillary Johnson: yeah can you go to.

1295
03:32:07.980 --> 03:32:09.810
Number three sure.

1296
03:32:11.610 --> 03:32:29.190
Hillary Johnson: These are Paleo deltas and, as you can see, they kind of step and that's because of the changing water level up the lake so like the base level of the lake is changing through time, and this is due to like the climate influence and possibly due to the fault, because.

1297
03:32:30.570 --> 03:32:39.270
Hillary Johnson: It is the lake basin is on the teton fault, the teton fault moving would cause the actual floor of the.

1298
03:32:40.350 --> 03:32:54.150
Hillary Johnson: lake level to change and cause the deltas to move locations, so you can see it in all locations throughout the lake So these are four different locations throughout the lake and the deltas still move in every single location so.

1299
03:32:55.560 --> 03:32:58.440
Lorraine Wolf: And would you like me to go to yours sedimentary.

1300
03:32:58.470 --> 03:33:01.410
Hillary Johnson: Ground truth yeah that that's a nice picture.

1301
03:33:03.450 --> 03:33:18.840
Hillary Johnson: yeah so This just shows the sentiment core compared to our bacon age model, so we have a basie and age model right over there, to the right and over here, you see our methodology for the core and there's actually a yellow line.

1302
03:33:20.670 --> 03:33:22.890
Hillary Johnson: it's not the yellow wiggle, one that is.

1303
03:33:24.690 --> 03:33:32.400
Hillary Johnson: That is the radio X radio graph and then the yellow line right there is the turbo night and there's like a little peek yeah right.

1304
03:33:33.120 --> 03:33:46.230
Hillary Johnson: And that turban is the same one that occurs on the age model, and we did that, so that the sedimentation rate would be more accurate, so we took out that instantaneous deposit and so yeah.

1305
03:33:47.700 --> 03:33:50.970
Lorraine Wolf: And you want to say something about your conclusion.

1306
03:33:51.810 --> 03:33:58.260
Hillary Johnson: uh yeah basically we had more than 1000 kilometers of chirp seismic data collected in.

1307
03:33:59.820 --> 03:34:10.920
Hillary Johnson: We also had sedimentary ground truth collected and short course and gravity like sediment surface sediment samples.

1308
03:34:11.370 --> 03:34:31.350
Hillary Johnson: And all that was being used with cesium 137 led to 10 and carbon 14 dating to correlate that with where these kronos product logically significant horizons that we map with the little earthquake deposits and we're timing those deposits.

1309
03:34:32.370 --> 03:34:34.320
Hillary Johnson: Relatively in that framework.

1310
03:34:36.240 --> 03:34:38.790
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, well, I think we managed to get through it.

1311
03:34:40.740 --> 03:34:54.210
Lorraine Wolf: So um yeah i'm sorry I I didn't realize when I started to play the video we go back to the concluding slide so i'm glad we got to see something any questions for our speaker.

1312
03:35:02.490 --> 03:35:10.620
Iftekhar Alam: Oh, I can ask one small question, so why do you interpret that as a guest chimney maybe I needed some.

1313
03:35:12.180 --> 03:35:21.360
Hillary Johnson: Yes, good question it's because there were like hot springs and the lake actually, so I think that there was like some gas associated with that.

1314
03:35:23.460 --> 03:35:42.930
Hillary Johnson: i'm not sure about the hundred percent 100% specific on that, but I think that that's just because of literature and of how it appears, like the reflection characteristics, they are similar to what looks like ash chimneys and like oil exploration sort of.

1315
03:35:44.460 --> 03:35:45.720
Hillary Johnson: Seismic start up.

1316
03:35:47.760 --> 03:35:58.770
roberthawman: I had a really quick question to a lot of times it's kind of data shows multiples strong multiples because anybody ever tried to deacon ball bat, where do you just kind of work with it.

1317
03:36:00.720 --> 03:36:04.170
Hillary Johnson: I mean we've been looking at the multiples to tell were false are.

1318
03:36:05.550 --> 03:36:06.060
Hillary Johnson: But.

1319
03:36:07.200 --> 03:36:10.800
Hillary Johnson: We can't get it to where it doesn't look like it has the multiples on there.

1320
03:36:11.250 --> 03:36:13.500
roberthawman: it's a tough problem it's harder to think yeah.

1321
03:36:14.460 --> 03:36:18.570
Hillary Johnson: Because we've done several processing but it's not gone away here okay.

1322
03:36:20.010 --> 03:36:23.310
roberthawman: You can see this photography that you need to see without pressing.

1323
03:36:23.700 --> 03:36:25.080
Hillary Johnson: The glacial till that.

1324
03:36:25.170 --> 03:36:25.440
yeah.

1325
03:36:33.600 --> 03:36:34.320
Well, thank you.

1326
03:36:36.030 --> 03:36:36.660
Iftekhar Alam: Thank you.

1327
03:36:38.190 --> 03:36:54.420
Iftekhar Alam: So with that I will be moving to our last presentation poster presentation for the session, and it is titled SEM image segmentation using neural networks with a minimal training set and our presenter is.

1328
03:36:57.270 --> 03:36:59.220
Iftekhar Alam: Being in in zhao.

1329
03:37:00.300 --> 03:37:11.400
Iftekhar Alam: 10 job and in half, who from art and environmental sciences department, the University of Texas at arlington, so I think this is also a pre recorded.

1330
03:37:23.970 --> 03:37:42.180
Hello everyone, my name is painting today my topic is about SEM image segmentation using the new networks, who is the minimum training size, the word is down together by being chain change out to home, who, from the University of Texas at arlington earth and environmental science department.

1331
03:37:43.740 --> 03:38:02.190
This work adaptive neural networks to study the nano scale pros in scanning electron microscope image taken from the show samples we analyzed the rgb color range of each real objects and assigned the corresponding label to each pixel according to the road object it belongs to.

1332
03:38:03.270 --> 03:38:16.200
output labels and the row images were ingested at the features in the training process several unit motos were trend with each having a different feature size, taken from the row images.

1333
03:38:16.950 --> 03:38:34.920
We identify the rogue objects of the testing images by employing each model individually and aggregated their prediction readouts using the bagging approach the results achieved 97% accuracy and average iou of 57%.

1334
03:38:36.360 --> 03:38:48.180
The study of the Shell pros is a great significance of energy geosciences I see him produce images that show information on the material rose surface composition and photography.

1335
03:38:49.110 --> 03:38:59.760
The figure one shows the compensation of the workforce Shell, the men composition of the wood for the Shell as mineral grants are getting matter pros and place.

1336
03:39:00.360 --> 03:39:15.570
The figure two shows degree scale analyzes of each component due to the large overlap across clay mineral grains and approach be cannot be distinguished intuitively from the color by traditional three showed my.

1337
03:39:16.860 --> 03:39:23.820
machine learning based approaches can distinguish the clean mineral grains and approach quickly was high accuracy.

1338
03:39:25.110 --> 03:39:32.790
For my good we developed to multi unit training moto the figure three shows the pipeline off our multi unit 20 moto.

1339
03:39:33.270 --> 03:39:40.350
When I don't know is the rgb color renders off all images and assign the labels to each pixel according to his color.

1340
03:39:41.010 --> 03:39:59.250
And then we adopted the unit moto as the backbone, which he has a good performance on this mounted sides, the figure four shows the structure of the united moto and then we try to the moto separately for each targets to eliminate the impacts of an event object distributions.

1341
03:40:00.390 --> 03:40:08.550
We also developed the Multi unit inference moto the figure five shows our pipeline of the Multi unit influence model.

1342
03:40:09.090 --> 03:40:22.350
We input a row images into each training model individually and aggregated the prediction readouts of all models, using the bagging approach choosing the maximum likely who label for each pixel.

1343
03:40:23.610 --> 03:40:31.650
For the data we're used to in this project, we collected at Rochelle rochas SEM images and label them by emoji.

1344
03:40:32.250 --> 03:40:47.940
Five images used in the training sites and three images using this testing sites, we also divided each row images of 1024 by 768 pixels into four five tall by 512 patches.

1345
03:40:48.510 --> 03:40:56.220
The figure six shows the division of row SEM images into passions and it figures seven shows the label of SEM images.

1346
03:40:57.030 --> 03:41:08.490
For the results he shows the SEM images in testing insights be shows the ground truth labels of the image see shows the predicted labels of the image.

1347
03:41:09.120 --> 03:41:24.480
The predicted results are evaluated with the iou and accuracy matrix based on their ground truth labels, we achieved 97% accuracy and average down Oh, you have 57% on the testing side.

1348
03:41:25.260 --> 03:41:40.710
Applying this approach can significantly reduce the manual labeling time and the future studies will taste the approaches on the larger decides and adapt unsupervised learning to further reduce the labeling time.

1349
03:41:41.550 --> 03:41:52.530
This research is performed using the funding received from the D O ye office of the nuclear energy, nuclear university program, thank you for your listening.

1350
03:41:57.600 --> 03:41:59.460
Lorraine Wolf: Okay, thank you for your talk.

1351
03:42:00.780 --> 03:42:02.640
Lorraine Wolf: Who has questions for our speaker.

1352
03:42:07.800 --> 03:42:08.880
Can Guven: Can I ask a question.

1353
03:42:09.780 --> 03:42:10.560
Binqian Yin: Okay sure.

1354
03:42:10.980 --> 03:42:15.630
Can Guven: chemist model can be trained to distinguish between the types of different place.

1355
03:42:16.830 --> 03:42:17.280
Binqian Yin: uh.

1356
03:42:18.420 --> 03:42:26.100
Binqian Yin: yeah The topic is about to do the segmentation off all the objects soft the Shell drunk.

1357
03:42:28.320 --> 03:42:35.430
Can Guven: So say for society was we feel we train, so it can be distinguished them according to the to the light right.

1358
03:42:36.270 --> 03:42:37.590
Binqian Yin: i'm sorry, could you say it again.

1359
03:42:37.650 --> 03:42:45.240
Can Guven: i'm sorry last it was a model is trained, so it can be able to distinguish between delight, and much more in life right.

1360
03:42:47.790 --> 03:42:49.110
Can Guven: Like different types of ways I guess.

1361
03:42:57.480 --> 03:43:03.750
Binqian Yin: yeah the actually i'm sorry, can you say a question again sorry about that.

1362
03:43:04.620 --> 03:43:08.100
Can Guven: So just giving examples of different types of claims like.

1363
03:43:09.480 --> 03:43:21.930
Can Guven: Some just basically checking in with you, if if if the model is trained, so they will be able to distinguish say clay sorry like from a month learn light or color right right so.

1364
03:43:22.890 --> 03:43:25.650
Binqian Yin: Oh yeah yeah right yeah so the the.

1365
03:43:26.970 --> 03:43:38.370
Binqian Yin: Men composition of the brown case the clay and i'll get a mentor and the pros and mineral grains so we we distinguish all of this, this particles.

1366
03:43:42.210 --> 03:43:43.380
roberthawman: I have a quick question.

1367
03:43:44.550 --> 03:43:52.560
roberthawman: I wonder if you could apply this approach to much bigger scale problems like remote mapping using satellite data.

1368
03:43:53.640 --> 03:43:56.430
roberthawman: Has anybody used this particular algorithm for that.

1369
03:43:58.410 --> 03:43:59.160
Binqian Yin: i'm.

1370
03:44:01.470 --> 03:44:06.570
Binqian Yin: Sorry, I know is only for the SEM images, not for the very big scale.

1371
03:44:07.740 --> 03:44:09.720
Binqian Yin: I mean the big set scale images.

1372
03:44:09.870 --> 03:44:19.650
roberthawman: It seems to be it'd be a scale independent you're looking for pattern recognition right or color recognition, and I wonder if that particular algorithm could be scaled up.

1373
03:44:21.570 --> 03:44:24.180
Binqian Yin: yeah yeah that's a very interesting topic.

1374
03:44:26.730 --> 03:44:28.380
Binqian Yin: um I think the.

1375
03:44:29.520 --> 03:44:30.570
Binqian Yin: Actually, the.

1376
03:44:32.100 --> 03:44:46.890
Binqian Yin: image segmentation can be taken in many types of the images, but in my project here i'm still working on using this method to do the segmentation off the a very small.

1377
03:44:47.760 --> 03:45:00.090
Binqian Yin: small scale images because, due to the limitations off the Somme equipments the some fema fema equipment some equipment cannot have very good.

1378
03:45:01.080 --> 03:45:14.100
Binqian Yin: cant cannot produce very high resolution images, so you think this method can distinguish the the the different objects and helps our researchers to.

1379
03:45:15.540 --> 03:45:22.620
Binqian Yin: To save their time on the segmentation and especially for the lower resolution images.

1380
03:45:23.040 --> 03:45:27.420
roberthawman: yeah so this approach is really powerful for that application sounds good.

1381
03:45:28.050 --> 03:45:28.530
Binqian Yin: Thank you.

1382
03:45:30.750 --> 03:45:33.330
Lorraine Wolf: Well, I think we've concluded our session.

1383
03:45:36.180 --> 03:45:54.720
Lorraine Wolf: And I want to thank everybody for attending and thank our speakers for some really interesting talks we had a very nice variety of different topics so something for everybody, and I really appreciate the effort, especially from the students, they did a great job and.

1384
03:45:55.830 --> 03:45:59.880
Lorraine Wolf: hope everybody continues to enjoy the meeting tomorrow.

1385
03:46:01.350 --> 03:46:08.940
Lorraine Wolf: And i'll be the last one to sign off, so if anyone wants to say around, please do so thank you all.

1386
03:46:11.730 --> 03:46:12.240
Iftekhar Alam: Thank you.

1387
03:46:33.270 --> 03:46:33.720
Lorraine Wolf: well.

1388
03:46:35.850 --> 03:46:36.210
Iftekhar Alam: Leave.

1389
03:46:37.050 --> 03:46:38.010
roberthawman: Okay it's done.

1390
03:46:40.140 --> 03:46:44.730
Lorraine Wolf: videos come out because you know I can't really tell from my end very.

1391
03:46:45.600 --> 03:46:46.110
roberthawman: Good yeah.

1392
03:46:47.250 --> 03:46:47.970
roberthawman: yeah they were good.

1393
03:46:48.420 --> 03:46:49.140
Lorraine Wolf: You can hear them.

1394
03:46:49.230 --> 03:46:50.700
roberthawman: Okay work out.

1395
03:46:51.060 --> 03:46:57.660
Lorraine Wolf: yeah the first one, I couldn't hear very well, but then I did the optimized for a video clip and even though he told me not to.

1396
03:46:58.920 --> 03:47:01.950
Lorraine Wolf: And it was louder on my end I don't know.

1397
03:47:02.310 --> 03:47:02.550
Lorraine Wolf: I.

1398
03:47:02.790 --> 03:47:05.520
egarriso: think you can do it without optimize.

1399
03:47:06.450 --> 03:47:17.970
Lorraine Wolf: Well, sometimes it automatically does that, so you know it depends on I guess what version of zoom you have or whatever, but I don't know i'm sure the convex guy knows all about this, but.

1400
03:47:19.260 --> 03:47:25.860
Lorraine Wolf: Anyway, I thought at least it when and we saved Dan and we save the girl that.

1401
03:47:28.830 --> 03:47:34.050
egarriso: Video come off what What about five minutes didn't she understand.

1402
03:47:35.310 --> 03:47:37.380
Lorraine Wolf: Well that's Okay, I mean you know we just.

1403
03:47:38.760 --> 03:47:43.410
Lorraine Wolf: It was a little bit challenging because it went every time I tried to play and it went to.

1404
03:47:44.940 --> 03:47:46.860
Lorraine Wolf: You know the conclusion slide so.

1405
03:47:47.340 --> 03:47:48.270
roberthawman: Anyway, I mean that's.

1406
03:47:48.630 --> 03:47:54.570
roberthawman: What I looked at this morning I that's what I emailed you about and and I felt bad for because.

1407
03:47:55.590 --> 03:47:59.820
roberthawman: I guess it really wasn't time to fix that but I thought it, I thought her talk turned out well.

1408
03:48:00.420 --> 03:48:01.320
Lorraine Wolf: yeah I think once.

1409
03:48:01.530 --> 03:48:04.710
Lorraine Wolf: Once I could stop it and go to individual figures.

1410
03:48:05.040 --> 03:48:05.610
roberthawman: yeah That was a big.

1411
03:48:06.720 --> 03:48:08.010
Lorraine Wolf: It took her a little bit.

1412
03:48:08.220 --> 03:48:09.480
roberthawman: To work.

1413
03:48:09.780 --> 03:48:11.760
roberthawman: And I thought she did a good job of recovering.

1414
03:48:11.760 --> 03:48:14.010
roberthawman: From that and yeah and it was good.

1415
03:48:14.310 --> 03:48:17.490
Lorraine Wolf: It was good yeah and I wanted to encourage her to get through it.

1416
03:48:17.610 --> 03:48:19.740
Lorraine Wolf: because she obviously and prepared.

1417
03:48:20.760 --> 03:48:21.930
Lorraine Wolf: very nice images.

1418
03:48:22.290 --> 03:48:28.650
egarriso: yeah great images yeah there were a lot of questions in there that couldn't get answer because of.

1419
03:48:30.090 --> 03:48:32.850
Lorraine Wolf: That there were questions in the chat.

1420
03:48:33.300 --> 03:48:42.210
egarriso: know there were quite well there yeah there were questions coming for me, but because she was so shook I didn't want to go there yeah.

1421
03:48:42.540 --> 03:48:51.210
Lorraine Wolf: Okay Kevin just said cab just said that we're going to end in one minute so they're going to give us a hook, but i'm ready to go home.

1422
03:48:51.480 --> 03:48:51.840
roberthawman: yeah i'm.

1423
03:48:52.590 --> 03:48:54.360
Lorraine Wolf: All for doing your part, so I really.

1424
03:48:54.360 --> 03:48:56.160
roberthawman: Good thanks for the hard part.

1425
03:48:56.850 --> 03:48:58.050
roberthawman: Thanks for doing that yeah.

1426
03:48:59.040 --> 03:48:59.520
egarriso: I really.

1427
03:49:00.390 --> 03:49:03.300
egarriso: I enjoy the power of that mute button has i'm.

1428
03:49:04.560 --> 03:49:05.580
egarriso: I love this.

1429
03:49:05.640 --> 03:49:08.610
roberthawman: We can see it to cut off that guy in mid sentence.

1430
03:49:10.050 --> 03:49:11.880
Lorraine Wolf: Cut off well yeah who did that.

1431
03:49:11.880 --> 03:49:13.350
roberthawman: Was classic hook.

1432
03:49:15.240 --> 03:49:18.570
Lorraine Wolf: Terrible I felt so bad he's a student, you know.

1433
03:49:20.610 --> 03:49:25.980
Lorraine Wolf: that's why I came in and I said, you want to say anything about your conclusions I apologize.

1434
03:49:26.760 --> 03:49:31.920
Lorraine Wolf: That was just terrible but yeah if the car if we had to cut him off it wasn't bad, but.

1435
03:49:32.490 --> 03:49:39.360
egarriso: I wanted to ask if the car after car, one thing I wanted to say where you go go by slide software, please.

1436
03:49:41.430 --> 03:49:43.830
egarriso: it'll make your life so much easier.

1437
03:49:44.400 --> 03:49:45.570
Lorraine Wolf: Okay well.

1438
03:49:47.190 --> 03:49:52.080
Lorraine Wolf: It was a thank you very much for your participation and helping out with this.

1439
03:49:52.470 --> 03:49:54.630
Lorraine Wolf: It was a really good session.

1440
03:49:55.020 --> 03:49:55.740
roberthawman: So too.

1441
03:49:55.830 --> 03:49:56.280
egarriso: I got.

1442
03:49:57.720 --> 03:49:59.000
roberthawman: A body care everybody.

1443