Harold Stowell: Okay well i'd like to welcome everybody to the question and answer and interactive period of the field trip to activism and metamorphic ISM across the southernmost appalachians.
Harold Stowell: And i'm glad that all of you can be here the pleasure to be here and I wish that, of course, that we were all in the same room that would be much more pleasant a little bit easier.
Harold Stowell: For people who are not quite as tax as tech savvy etc, which sometimes I do Okay, and sometimes I don't so let me know if if you don't hear me or can't see something.
Harold Stowell: i'm not going to spend a lot of time on this, but I want everybody to of course recognize that GSA is an organism organization that runs on respect and inclusiveness so.
Harold Stowell: You know, please do be respectful i'm sure everybody knows that it's better to have an open mind and discuss things in a good fashion, rather than being critical for no reason or disrespectful so please keep that in mind as we go forward.
Harold Stowell: So I don't really have a lot of things to say at this point about.
Harold Stowell: The videos I hope everybody has seen the field trip stops.
Harold Stowell: And, and perhaps most importantly, I really hope that all of you get an opportunity to go to the field trip stops because.
Harold Stowell: That might be a lot better than seeing the video we did our best to make those videos a little bit like what you would actually see.
Harold Stowell: But, as all of you also probably recognize a large part of what I do is in the laboratory so file it relies 100% on field relationships and field observations and sample collection, which is always field dependent.
Harold Stowell: It also requires huge amounts of lab work so i'm happy to try to answer questions and explain any of the information that's either in the videos.
Harold Stowell: or not in the video so a lot of the information that that I showed was summaries of fairly significant amounts of work and it's very important, of course, to recognize that.
Harold Stowell: I couldn't have done any of this without all the people that helped me, and so my co leaders my students and ex students have played a huge role in everything that i've done and presented for this field trip.
Harold Stowell: And, as a result, all that work has been boiled down to some summary diagrams that have attempted to interpret metamorphic ISM.
Harold Stowell: In what many locations, as you know, there's sort of seven general areas of the appalachians.
Harold Stowell: And all of these rely on my immense amounts of lab work which i'm happy to try to explain if if anybody is interested in those kinds of details I know a minute ago before we.
Harold Stowell: Had the entire group here bill was asking me a little bit about how how long it takes to do some of these things, and the details of models versus isotope work, etc.
Harold Stowell: And I might just explain a little bit about that for all of you who are here.
Harold Stowell: Because I think it's important to realize the amount of time and effort this takes so, for example.
Harold Stowell: If one wanted to date got it in the sm md is a cron method that we've utilized for the samples.
Harold Stowell: The first thing, of course, is the obvious, which is going to any of these locations and finding a sample that's really going to be at least a high probability of success, in other words you're going to get an age that you can interpret.
Harold Stowell: Even getting an age period is a big deal but but getting an age that you can interpret is also critical of course.
Harold Stowell: So what we have to do is, we have to look very carefully for the right samples and that's, not just for the ages, but also for the modeling.
Harold Stowell: I don't know if all of you, so any of you saw the talk that I presented yesterday but Dave mocha asked a really good question about that which was concerning why thinks their gap and he asked how we selected samples.
Harold Stowell: And one of the most important things to remember in.
Harold Stowell: GEO chronology but also in the metrology that we do is just simply that equilibrium is important, so all these things rely on equilibrium of the garnet crystals with.
Harold Stowell: The matrix surrounding minerals, etc, because none of these models and none of these ages will work or be meaningful if equilibrium was not the case, so we have to select our samples that way looking for equilibrium relationships.
Harold Stowell: And the geo chronology takes.
Harold Stowell: weeks of time literally so even in the best case scenario, it might take anywhere from four to eight weeks, just to get an age that doesn't mean you spend 40 hours a week on that sample but it just takes a long time, because we have to dissolve these rocks.
Harold Stowell: We have to separate mechanically before dissolution, which means that we handpick our garnet separates, we have to remove inclusions mechanically by hand and i'm under a microscope so we removed material that has inclusions and then we chemically leach to remove additional inclusions.
Harold Stowell: Now dissolve fully afterward.
Harold Stowell: And then we have to do on chromatography to separate individual elements in the rare earth element group or landslides, in order to put it on the mass spectrometer.
Harold Stowell: So it's a huge amount of time actually I was running the mass spec this morning, what can I say it's it's one of those things it's becomes addictive, perhaps.
Harold Stowell: I have a backlog of samples that need running.
Harold Stowell: So that maybe gives you a little feel for for the sort of effort that goes into this, but the other part of bills question was regarding the modeling and the modeling also takes much longer than you might think we'd all like to thank you could maybe just.
Harold Stowell: Put a chemical analysis into a computer program and get something out, yes, you can but it's usually not a good result, unless you spend a lot of time thinking about it.
Harold Stowell: reinterpreting and figuring out exactly what's going on, so that's actually a lot of thought that goes into.
Harold Stowell: Trying to understand the equilibrium relationships and we also analyze the minerals in the samples in order to get the PT points, so we have to do electron micro probe analysis.
Harold Stowell: Of the minerals and a lot of PT pads are actually based on garnet zoning so we have to map the zoning in those minerals in order to compute.
Harold Stowell: The ice a plus or the the compositional lines in the PT space which are used for PT estimates, so that that that's sort of a short answer to your question bill about.
Harold Stowell: The things that go into this and I don't know if that helps at all but a little.
Harold Stowell: For sure.
Bill Witherspoon: I was curious on the duck town sample.
Harold Stowell: That.
Bill Witherspoon: Was rim with chloride, I think you said or and I wouldn't I was surprised that that was an equilibrium at that metamorphic great.
Harold Stowell: Yes, that's a great well that's a great question and the so duck town samples are there sort of lower most amphibian faces rocks so they're not very high temperature for by metamorphic standard.
Harold Stowell: And I think the chloride is is purely a very late stage fluid influx which has replaced a little bit of the garnet.
Harold Stowell: But what we'd have to do is we choose samples, where most of the garden is still pristine, in other words we don't pick samples were a lot of it has been replaced by chloride that's critical.
Harold Stowell: That yeah if we were to try to understand a sample with a lot of fluoride replacement or garnet replaced by chloride.
Harold Stowell: I think we'd get results which were not very useful unless we were trying to understand the replacement process itself, which is just not, in general, what we're after we try to look for rocks that show us the pro grade path.
Harold Stowell: The early history.
Bill Witherspoon: When you say you comparing it with a matrix you.
Bill Witherspoon: I was picturing that chloride, that was surrounding the garden is in the matrix and I was thinking.
Bill Witherspoon: You depend, you said you depend on the matrix so, but you stepped outside of the chloride, for both of those analyses, for both garnet in analysis and the matrix.
Harold Stowell: Well that's a good question so in the case of of GEO chronology, the most important thing is whether or not the any of the elements, particularly samarium India Damien.
Harold Stowell: have moved in or out of the sample that we choose so let's say we choose a piece of rock that's 10 centimeter square or cube.
Harold Stowell: 10 centimeter cube.
Harold Stowell: If we have some chloride, replacing garnet in that sample that doesn't necessarily mean that any of the rare earths have actually moved out of that cube of abroad.
Harold Stowell: And in the case of our samples, I would say, very little has now if you had a vein running through it and you had fluid flow that had.
Harold Stowell: brought in the fluid for chloride growth from garnet let's say that would be very worrisome because if you have that kind of open vein system, you could be moving rare earth elements in and out of that cube easily.
Harold Stowell: But we didn't have that what we had instead was isolated darn it crystals with a little bit of chloride around them and there's no clear sign that anything has been transported longer distances or great distances away from that crystal.
Harold Stowell: And, and it was one of the things you find is, if you if you actually analyze enough Alan Watts out of that cube enough pieces let's say.
Harold Stowell: A matrix several pieces of garden if they all lie on an ice or cron and then they are an equilibrium, by definition, so they whether they actually represent an age that is peak.
Harold Stowell: metamorphose and that's a different question, but if they they're not going to fall on a nicer cron if they're out of equilibrium.
Harold Stowell: Good question yeah.
Harold Stowell: Well i'd like to open up discussion if anybody would like to ask about any of the locations, or any of the methodology i'd be very happy to at least attempt to answer.
Karen: Harold um how did what methods do you use to determine the amount of water that you use in the models.
Harold Stowell: Oh that's a difficult question.
Harold Stowell: that's a very good question because water content makes a big difference in how we would or what we would obtained for a phase diagram section or mad minimal assemblage diagram.
Harold Stowell: So what we do is we actually first construct a model which is just temperature versus water.
Harold Stowell: And so, where any of the sections that we actually make the reason they're called phase diagram sections is because you can think about thermodynamics and the composition of a rock is n dimensional space, in other words.
Harold Stowell: it's not really a three dimensional space, because there are 10 or more components compositional components were considering so we model we have section through that.
Harold Stowell: And what we do is we assume a pressure.
Harold Stowell: And then we calculate temperature water versus temperature and that creates a mineral assemblage diagram, which is in water temperature space for the composition, that we have analyzed in the rock.
Harold Stowell: And then, in the case of something like a pea light.
Harold Stowell: Which is essentially a mud stuff I met a bunch stone, we would assume that below the solidness if the rock has never melted we generally assume saturation of water.
Harold Stowell: So we pick a minimum water content to saturate the mineral assemblage fields or the phase diagram as a whole.
Harold Stowell: And, and so the rationale there is that a mud stone will continually D water or lose volatiles as temperature increases, so if we start out with a mud.
Harold Stowell: And I like to think about this as New Orleans because I think of that is a very muddy place so you think about all that mud being deposited in the Mississippi river Delta.
Harold Stowell: And it gets buried and, of course, the first thing that happens is you, you compress it compact it lose water that's in the.
Harold Stowell: Inter granular space and then, as you continually if you were to continually berry and heat by the geothermal gradient.
Harold Stowell: You would start to lose water from clay minerals, etc, so you could think about a P light is just continually D watering.
Harold Stowell: Right up until if it's a single program past right up until its peak temperature, so we would always be water saturated so that's our general philosophy for choosing a water content we just pick a water content that's great enough to saturate those assemblages.
Harold Stowell: So that that kind of that shows you a little bit more of the time consuming methodology, because, as I mentioned before you know the modeling takes longer than you might expect.
Harold Stowell: Well, one of the reasons is that you don't run a single model, the first have to figure out things like water content and make some decision now the other critical part of all that, if you're choosing a water content.
Harold Stowell: And then you choose, first of all, you have to assume a pressure to do that, because you can only model.
Harold Stowell: temperature versus water or water versus temperature depending on extra why but because you're doing that you have to pick the pressure well, you might not pick the correct pressure first so you might have to do that several times in order to figure out.
Harold Stowell: A water content that's going to be water saturated every pressure and a whole range of temperature, so you might be three or four of those models before you even get to the pressure versus temperature diagram that I illustrated, for the field trip.
Harold Stowell: All right, are there any other is that help.
Harold Stowell: Yes, that's great.
Harold Stowell: Are there any other questions and what else can we talk about should we discuss.
Bill Witherspoon: I know I don't want to monopolize but if nobody else has another question i've got a pretty ignorant question i'm afraid, which is that.
Bill Witherspoon: The imaging of the garnets that you showed that, in which you could see the manganese donation.
Bill Witherspoon: Yes, i'm not familiar with that kind of imaging I have that when I when I was in Grad school to see donation use Apps across the crystal with a.
Bill Witherspoon: With a microphone and you got a little spot readings, how do you what is what is that image that we were looking at that were sort of radiation at the yeah.
Harold Stowell: Right yeah that's that's an advanced in electron microphone technology that came about in the mostly in the 1980s and 1990s and what we are using there is energy dispersal spectrometer.
Harold Stowell: On an electron microscope and that energy dispersal spectrometer can actually detect the full range or a rather large range of X Ray intensities simultaneously, so it can map.
Harold Stowell: The K alpha X Ray intensity for multiple elements simultaneously so on every point you can detect all the different elements from one detector.
Harold Stowell: And then, what it's doing is it's actually scrolling across the sample rather quickly, so it actually you can do it two different ways, you can do it by beam or after.
Harold Stowell: In other words, you can move the electron beam across the sample with the electromagnetic lenses or you can move the sample.
Harold Stowell: It you know you could move the sample stage itself, and then it creates a map of the entire sometimes the entire sample or at least the Crystal and this in the case of the ones we showed it was mostly just a single crystal the garden.
Harold Stowell: Okay yeah they're really wonderful to see the zoning that's cool yeah.
Harold Stowell: So what else can we what else can I help people with ask question any other questions.
Harold Stowell: Well, I noticed that that Jim Jim are you here.
Jim Tull: yeah just just briefly i've got to go back to my field trip arrow.
Harold Stowell: All right, well, I just wanted to say hello, and thanks for coming to see you.
Jim Tull: yeah it's good to hear you I did have a question I guess.
Jim Tull: Are you aware that the wood now he does have Chi and I both at the base and the structural top.
Harold Stowell: Yes, I know there are a few locations and I would love to go look at some of them and try to better understand the distribution of the higher temperature minerals in the.
Harold Stowell: modality, I think it would be worthwhile to give.
Harold Stowell: That I have not had the opportunity to see all of those locations, I know that you know, some of them were dally i'm confident is not at temperatures sufficient for any significant aluminum silicate growth, but some of it apparently is, and I think it would be an interesting.
yeah.
Jim Tull: yeah we found it both very near the structural base and very near the structural top and someday I can give you those localities or we can talk about it later, but anyway, I hope, you're is this do you have more time on your field trip here today or what's what's going on.
Harold Stowell: Oh, we just did all of ours, as recorded is none of it's live so.
Harold Stowell: ours are seven.
Harold Stowell: there's seven videos or eight videos which are online and One of those is just an introduction to the entire trip and then the rest of them are individual stops and so.
Gross.
Harold Stowell: Sorry.
Jim Tull: Okay yeah now i've got a ghost oh you're welcome to join our field trip if you get a chance.
Harold Stowell: Later already.
Harold Stowell: So i'd be very happy to explain or talk about any of these specific stops if anybody would like to dive into details i'm happy to pursue that just let me know what's what's interesting for you.
Bill Witherspoon: So you I noticed you, you are like me on the pumpkin vine.
Bill Witherspoon: Type locality.
And having trouble finding the things that have been reported there.
Harold Stowell: Oh make duels and the.
Bill Witherspoon: pillows I was with a friend who teaches at ut chattanooga and he when we were over on the 41 outcrop he had one of his students climb up and threw down what he felt was a pillow so but i've never seen him on the I 75 outcrops that you did you look at the 41 out for office well.
Harold Stowell: No, we went to we were able to go and spend time at the 575 outcrop twice and so i've spent quite a bit of time looking at that and i've also spent a little bit of time on the I 75 outcrop right.
Harold Stowell: and
Bill Witherspoon: I never looked at the 575 I must have been I looked at the south account information across the road from it.
Bill Witherspoon: You know, it was I was working on roadside geology of Georgia and trying to note down everything that you drive by and I missed that there was pumpkin vine there.
Bill Witherspoon: Somehow it didn't didn't write that down, so I just mentioned, the canton I guess it's, on the other side of the road from it.
Harold Stowell: Well, that that's a that's a good question i'm not certain that.
Harold Stowell: We went.
Harold Stowell: To the right spot on 75 because it didn't really look a lot like what's on 575 they look quite different and so.
Harold Stowell: i'm not sufficient.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Right, so that that 575 star location is the only location that has those large garden and it's.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): it's a subtle or it's not a subtle unit it's very obvious unit, but it's only that one place that has that mythology within the pumpkin bind the rest of it as my understanding, especially as you get closer to carter's bill looks more like that inhibit light that we looked at on 75.
Bill Witherspoon: The one that I said I never I never actually looked at are overlooked what's the one on 575 that you guys did find the governance on, I have to go back and look at that one.
Harold Stowell: it's a tremendous outcrop yeah yeah.
Bill Witherspoon: I don't wonder if it's if it's newer than when when I was scouting for the book is it any newer than want to cross the road or is it terry's been there all along.
Bill Witherspoon: Terry you're muted.
Terry Vines: Yes, just been there all along.
Bill Witherspoon: I don't know if I missed that one.
Bill Witherspoon: But the one that that mcconnell wrote up on 75 you know i'm with you Liz I couldn't I couldn't see the things that they described in that outcrop and I nobody's been able to show them to me either.
Bill Witherspoon: But over on 41 some of this stuff some people think they can see some of that stuff on 41.
Harold Stowell: Why would like to go back and look again because, of course, some of those things are hard to find, but I did not see pillows I did see some.
Harold Stowell: mineral you know soda blends that I guess someone might have interpreted as amec duels but I don't think I would have.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): To make deals or thin section scale to so I don't think you'd be able to see it in the outcrop easily.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): We didn't spend that much time looking either.
Bill Witherspoon: But field trip stuff in the centennial guide also they must have put the picture in backwards, because it it slopes, if you notice that but mcconnell's.
Bill Witherspoon: centennial guy it's like it's the wrong direction of dip for what you're looking at so anyway.
Harold Stowell: The outcrop on on 75 is very strongly to form we found a lot of folds.
Harold Stowell: And quite it would get I would have guessed a very high strain yeah so I don't really know how you would preserve the things that that were listed there didn't make sense to me, really.
Harold Stowell: be the 575 outcrop is not only deformed, although I didn't see as many obvious folds but it's very deformed and it's extremely re crystallized with coarse grain metamorphic minerals, so I don't think you would find a lot of protein structures or textures in that outcrop.
Bill Witherspoon: And you had that that really pretty high men more pay grade when you guys analyze that didn't you.
Bill Witherspoon: Correct think of the longer gold belt at least some of it is being somewhat lower in grade than the than the surroundings around a lot again so on but you found the opposite.
Harold Stowell: Well you're absolutely right, some some of the i've only been into the the rest of the Delano gold belt briefly.
Harold Stowell: But my my my experience would indicate, there are some lower grade pieces, or you know some lower grade areas when I say lower grade I think they're probably lower end herbalife bases.
Harold Stowell: I don't think i'm not sure anything lower than that but, but certainly there they're not as strongly request allies that they're quite different in appearance to what we were looking at at 575.
Harold Stowell: yeah.
Harold Stowell: But I guess you know I tried to end my talk yesterday by.
Harold Stowell: calling for action and and and so, in the sense that I think there's a lot more to be learned, I really don't think that the details have been.
Harold Stowell: brought out, and I think if if we did additional works throughout the whole region that we talked about on this field trip we'd learned a lot, I really think it's quite a long way to go.
Bill Witherspoon: I heard that and I wonder how much how much how much bandwidth there is, I mean, even if me.
Bill Witherspoon: How long have you guys had that.
Bill Witherspoon: That mass spec and are there other scattered around the southeast is that something that people can suddenly start doing or it sounds like a fairly unique setup.
Bill Witherspoon: I don't know like i'm behind on technology, obviously.
well.
Harold Stowell: i'm glad you brought that up.
Harold Stowell: That the mass spectrometer at the University of Alabama was installed in 2014.
Harold Stowell: And i'm actually very pleased to say that Karen Parker, who is here with us today is a big reason why that mass spectrometer runs and she helped me set it up.
Harold Stowell: I obtained that mass spectrometer from the University of Maryland as a surplus instrument.
Harold Stowell: It was being given away.
Harold Stowell: And I installed it and had it running in 2015 with karen's help.
Harold Stowell: and, more recently, lose bone has done a huge amount of work in that lab to keep it going it's it's a very time consuming and.
Harold Stowell: Difficult sort of analysis.
Harold Stowell: And it's difficult to keep a lab like that running that that mass spectrometer was built in 1990 hmm and it it's a beautiful machine it's it's very well built.
Harold Stowell: A lot of the electronics are very old, of course, and out of date, but the good news is that a lot of them, you can actually fix them, you know if you're a good electronics person.
Harold Stowell: they're big and they're large and you can take them apart, unlike today's instruments which have you know tiny little.
Harold Stowell: miniaturized electronic boards that you can't fix because they're too you just throw them away and buy another one right.
Harold Stowell: Anyway, so yeah it's an old instrument I don't know how much longer it will be running i'm not sure how much longer i'll be running either, but but.
Bill Witherspoon: retirement is lovely i'll tell you that.
Harold Stowell: Yes.
Harold Stowell: Well, I will see how it all goes, I would like to see that those the techniques that we've described in this.
Harold Stowell: rather brief sort of field experience i'd like to see them applied in a lot more places, I would like to see.
Harold Stowell: additional data that would allow us to actually make better tectonic interpretations and.
Harold Stowell: I think that's the reason that Jim was asking the question about whether i'd seen these kind of bearing assemblages etc well there's so many details.
Harold Stowell: about the metamorphic ISM about the rocks that that are, I think, absolutely critical for understanding the tectonics and I don't think we're there, yet I, I would like to just briefly mentioned that another one of my friends in California, who just retired.
Harold Stowell: I don't know if any of you know brad hacker from Santa Barbara anyway, he just retired he coined a phrase that I really like.
Harold Stowell: And it's called campaign style GEO chronology.
Harold Stowell: And, and so he worked a lot all over the world, and one of the places he worked with the Western nice region of Norway.
Harold Stowell: And what they found is, if you went out and dated models ice crystals and all of these nice's in the western nice for you learned a lot.
Harold Stowell: You learn if you've had that spatial distribution of ages.
Harold Stowell: Then you can really make tectonic interpretations that makes sense, instead, I mean you know we've all done this i'm sure anybody who's in the academic world has probably picked up a single sample and tried to solve the world's problems.
Harold Stowell: Well that's great and if it's all the time you got that's all you can do right.
Harold Stowell: But we can do better today's world, I mean there's there's enough of us out there interested in these kinds of questions and then instrumentation.
Harold Stowell: Not necessarily what I have but in general instrumentation is very rapid you can get results much more quickly than you could, in the past, so we need to apply that sort of idea to organic belts, if we want to understand them as a whole, we need to think about data sets, not a single sample.
Harold Stowell: And so I really like the way brad approach that and I think that sort of thing is justified for understanding the appalachians.
Harold Stowell: i'd like to see that happen.
Bill Witherspoon: Well, really enjoyed your trip and I lose you weren't on when I was just saying how impressed I was with your your work and your stops and all that so Linda pass that along.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Thank you it's good to hear, I was concerned about what I said on a few of our most of those were done in one take so it was me but I said is what's on there i'm.
Karen: Very well done, I enjoyed the field trip a lot, so I thought y'all did a great job.
Bill Witherspoon: i've been playing around making videos just during the pandemic nothing else to do kind of thing and that's not easy either either so i'm just very impressed great job.
Harold Stowell: map okay takes great credit for that he was the one that organized the videos at the end their lives did a really wonderful job of narration and and putting a lot of it together and matt did the final touches so I really appreciate his help on that.
mark carter: hey I just like to follow up with what Harold just said and and i'm talking for Dave spheres here to see David is on on line with us.
mark carter: Virginia falls in that order area between at the at the juncture between the central and southern Apps and we would love to see some of these techniques.
mark carter: apply it up here in Virginia and a couple of tracks sex so there's opportunities up here in Virginia both coming from the blue Ridge into the inner Piedmont, and then, particularly where David and I are working now in the central and eastern Piedmont.
mark carter: We would love to collaborate with with y'all at some point and bring which all have done down in the in the deep part of the southern appalachians up here and and it would be worthwhile to because you know we'd have we'd have to link what we've all seen in the deep southern appalachians.
mark carter: To what we're seeing up here in Virginia, which will be linked into the true central appalachians of Pennsylvania, and then on into the northern appalachian so I don't know David do you want to chime in a little bit on this as well, I know I would love to see you up here.
mark carter: David is either muted or stepped away from his computer.
David Spears - VA: Now i'm here I just put something in the chat I don't have a I don't have a camera here on my work computer but saying we welcome out of state universities to come in here because we can't seem to get.
David Spears - VA: Virginia universities interested in doing this kind of work, except for some of the undergraduate institutions which have been very good, but the major universities just aren't working on appalachian tectonics anymore so y'all mine up to Virginia.
Harold Stowell: Well, I certainly would love to do that I don't know whether I have any actual quivers for my bow, so to speak, but but.
Harold Stowell: But thank you, yes, that I mean I I totally agree that there are some great opportunities to better understand all of this and.
Harold Stowell: You know clearly there's something very different between the Connecticut valley and the sort of New England geology and the rest of the origin, so I think that's absolutely correct that we do need more data.
Bill Witherspoon: One of the things that seems to keep coming up and several trips and presentations i've been seeing is the degree to which the external shear has transformed what we're looking at and move things around.
And, and it seems like the more.
detail, you have on metamorphic history, the more than likely can shed on that that question, you know you.
Bill Witherspoon: I just came from clint when Marin notice and jim's field trip before years and they were just Oh, you know we don't want to have any any of that coming through here, you know and including the pine mountain window that they had in the same line of section and I just.
Bill Witherspoon: That was that was plucked off of somewhere farther North and brought down there as far as i'm concerned it's not a it's not a window at all it's a it's a terrain that's gotten shifted by next year.
mark carter: I agree with you 100% there bill okay and and.
Bill Witherspoon: Well, you know, I was on your trip mark, and you know, through the to the ashram and.
Bill Witherspoon: you're up in Virginia and the and the.
Bill Witherspoon: You know how much the where the textual shear comes through if it's in between the blue Ridge in the in the interim Piedmont are in that area if if it does.
Bill Witherspoon: Is an intriguing question and and and the toll and bear no don't want it to come through there at all, so you know it is, it is interesting to see.
Bill Witherspoon: The nice to have more data.
mark carter: yeah that's certainly true for the for the Western blue Ridge in the in the western Piedmont, but when you're talking about textural kinematics and that's what defines the eastern Piedmont.
mark carter: Virtual item with central Piedmont sutra let's let's go even further, West central Piedmont sutra all the way to the coastal plain.
mark carter: that's what's defining these various infrastructural super structural terrains that's what's bounds them and having gone at work and having more GEO chronology we're just now touching on some general chronology.
mark carter: You know where i'm working at right now the best available geologic mapping, we have is one to 500,000 scale and I like to tell everybody every day I go out i'm seeing something brand new.
mark carter: And so yeah it's there's a there's still a whole lot of work to be done out there let's just put it that way.
Harold Stowell: yeah that's totally correct I I should, I think it's worthwhile for me to point out one other thing or a couple other things about my philosophy and how I approach these these sort of metamorphic PTT path.
Harold Stowell: Tasks or projects.
Harold Stowell: I choose the places I go largely based on locations where people already had done a lot of the hardware, so, in other words, I far prefer to get involved with projects which involve an area where there's already a good geologic map.
Harold Stowell: Hopefully, a modern one too, so that I have some understanding of.
Harold Stowell: Of the people that have done it and some evaluation of the entire thing.
Harold Stowell: So I prefer to actually go where where things are well known, and I say that in quotes, of course, because I don't mean the metrology as well know that that's not necessary.
Harold Stowell: And the reason is very simple it's just pure practical money, so I would like to work with people who are doing the mapping and.
Harold Stowell: One of the good things about Alabama recently has been there actually have been some good ED map projects that have gone out over the last 20 years and mark stealth Paul was strongly involved with a lot of those are led a lot of those.
Harold Stowell: And there are some coming in now with matt mckay but also others who are done some.
Harold Stowell: Good mapping that's necessary and and we didn't have a lot of modern maps in Alabama For decades we had nothing but the old maps and.
Harold Stowell: And, of course, you know what bill Thomas said yesterday and are in the session I spoken is absolutely true that.
Harold Stowell: You know butts was wonderful he did great geology but people don't map the same way today as they did then and there's more to be learned and so, in all the sort of projects that i've undertaken all over the world, whether it be.
Harold Stowell: British Columbia Alaska New Zealand, I followed the map.
Harold Stowell: And and and it's simple, because how can I possibly go create a good geologic map and then do all this lab work no way there's I mean that's two lifetimes right I don't have it.
Harold Stowell: So I definitely wish to follow up on where people are doing the mapping and the structure so that I can apply the techniques, with some validity and some chance of success it's very important to have that all that information together.
mark carter: hey we're kind of moving into the film the philosophical here but yeah I agree, and you know that's the problem with.
mark carter: With maybe where we are in science right now is that you know it's becoming more and more difficult for ED map or let's say to combine.
mark carter: Everything all the different technologies that we have to that we can throw at a geologic problem It all starts, obviously with the geologic mapping how much do you put on to a master's degree student to produce a map plus do the.
mark carter: chronology or geochemistry.
mark carter: And then, with all the other techniques that we're now using that are disposal for geologic mapping lidar and geophysics and everything I mean it becomes really quickly.
mark carter: A big big big big project.
Harold Stowell: that's right.
Harold Stowell: And nobody can do it all, and so you know I would love to see a group of people try to put together some large scale projects, but of course.
Harold Stowell: A lot of that problem is money and logistics, so you know you have to get some kind of funding to do a lot of this work, and the money.
Harold Stowell: is a big issue for things like mass spectrometry or electron microscope analysis, all these things cost a lot of money.
Harold Stowell: So I, we do need to work together on this and and, hopefully, you know, some people will be able to get funding that will allow us to do these projects that have all aspects of the science involved.
Harold Stowell: Well i'm not sure if there's more questions, certainly on i'm happy to take any questions or comments on it.
Harold Stowell: I would have been very happy and welcome all of you to come visit us at the University of Alabama see our laboratory and.
Harold Stowell: Talk about any of the science I would love to do that if any of you are traveling through this part of the world, please do feel free to contact me or stop in and say hello, and we can talk about this in more detail.
Thanks so much.
mark carter: yeah thanks.
Thank you very much.
Harold Stowell: All right, well.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Not slated to go to.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): three central or is it just a two central.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): 3am I an hour off somehow.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Okay.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): just making sure okay.
Harold Stowell: No, I I was i'm just planning to stay here, as long as people have questions and.
Harold Stowell: Hopefully, allow anybody to ask and discuss but I don't know that we need to.
Harold Stowell: You know, be here, if no one's if everybody's through that's fine.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yeah that's fine I was just making sure I didn't lose an hour I switch time zones this morning.
Harold Stowell: Well, I think I might have lost a year, but I don't know about that.
Bill Witherspoon: We all wants to hear.
Terry Vines: yeah.
Karen: Good day i'll see you later.
Bill Witherspoon: i'm going to take off, there is something that starts at three Eastern that I want to catch so but.
yeah.
Harold Stowell: Excellent okay.
Harold Stowell: glad to see you.
mark carter: Thanks everybody.
Terry Vines: will say this i've seen some course from.
Terry Vines: The medallia area that neverland say who they are for or what the purpose was but.
Terry Vines: It was kind of eye opening now kind of understand what I was seeing little better.
Harold Stowell: Okay, good yeah I haven't worked in any of the sort of mining areas for some time, but back in the 80s, of course, new month did a lot of drilling around gold bill and a few other places.
Harold Stowell: And we've had we have some of those cores here, but not many of them and there's a lot of those cores, of course.
Harold Stowell: Obviously it's hard to find good outcrops in that part.
Terry Vines: yeah.
Terry Vines: Well i'm gonna have to go off now get to the other.
Terry Vines: session.
Okay.
Terry Vines: That was great.
Harold Stowell: Thank you.
Harold Stowell: matt are you there.
McKay, Matthew P: Yes, Sir i'm still hanging out.
Harold Stowell: how's it going.
McKay, Matthew P: it's going i'm kind of hanging out at home, today, but I kind of like this GSA sit at home and do it on the computer isn't so bad.
Harold Stowell: Ah, good.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): still have your shoes.
McKay, Matthew P: I don't have shoes on no.
McKay, Matthew P: I have not had shoes on unless required for the last three days so.
McKay, Matthew P: yeah it was very proud of that.
McKay, Matthew P: And katie over there.
Harold Stowell: hi katie how are you doing.
Harold Stowell: All right, well matt I I really appreciate all the effort you put in there, especially at the last minute to make things work properly thanks.
McKay, Matthew P: Well, that we put them on the youtube's so because that solved, a lot of our problems so.
Harold Stowell: Yes, yeah so Karen had actually contacted me because she logged on on Thursday I think and and she said, oh she's she sent me a message, and she said, the orders kind of strange I don't know what's going on.
Harold Stowell: You know how Karen is she's not very critical, but it was very clear that something was wrong.
McKay, Matthew P: yeah a couple of them didn't even have sound, you know and add orders bad, but no sound is useless.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yeah exactly yeah so we didn't put closed captions on it, I don't know if i'm not sure if GSA did or not, when they.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): don't know you.
McKay, Matthew P: Well YouTube has auto captions.
McKay, Matthew P: And you know those can those can go sell kind of fast, but.
yeah.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I get distracted during lectures with that on just watching the words flash up on the screen say what it thinks I said it's just I didn't say that and sometimes i'll just stare at it for a few seconds right and then in mid sentence is like that is completely wrong.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): That is not what I said.
McKay, Matthew P: So uh Jim tells field trip earlier, he was going through a lot of fossil stuff and some of the translations, that it was trying to piece together on those fossil names are incredible.
McKay, Matthew P: So.
McKay, Matthew P: If you ever get bored listen to Jim go back watch that watch Jim tell firing out all these fossil names and then watch the auto captioning trying to keep up with it it's pretty good.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I.
McKay, Matthew P: will head over to that if we're done here.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yeah, I think, let me know how it goes Max I I signed up for it, but I won't be able to join i'll probably watch the recording but.
McKay, Matthew P: yeah just a couple the early ones they're pretty good um but i'll go watch this next one.
McKay, Matthew P: I guess it's probably about 10 to 15 will be the next our final run i'm not sure they were breaking them up in like 10 hour or sorry one hour breaks with a 10 at 10 minute break in the middle, so they.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Are they recording each of them.
McKay, Matthew P: I think so yeah.
Harold Stowell: Alright, well, I don't really have anything more so I get this I will talk to all of you soon.
McKay, Matthew P: As they're.
McKay, Matthew P: backed by Liz.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I.
Harold Stowell: buy.
Harold Stowell: So William thanks for all your help and look forward to seeing you in the future.
Harold Stowell: You may not be there.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I was just making sure we were allowed to leave an hour early I don't know.
Harold Stowell: where you want to hang out for an hour.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I can't but.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): If I did that i'd be missing out on food.
Harold Stowell: don't do that.
Harold Stowell: Well, I might go run another samarium they've been up and down.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): We can yeah.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I don't know.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I don't know if we'll have anybody else or not, they could a lot of people could be in the other session or other field trip.
Harold Stowell: sure.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): In quotes a lot I don't know what.
Harold Stowell: i'll.
Harold Stowell: turn off my video and leave it on for a little while and see what happens.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Alright, well, I will leave.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Let me know if you get any trouble some comments about anything that i've said in any of those videos.
Harold Stowell: want the full list now or.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): already received many cars.
Harold Stowell: yeah.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): we're shooting that winding stairs video where she said something about people arguing about things that never.
happens.
Harold Stowell: Did you hear Dave smokers question yesterday.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Which one.
Harold Stowell: Well, you only asked one of my talk and he asked.
Harold Stowell: How did we choose our samples for bulk rock composition, for the mad diagram.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yep I did.
Harold Stowell: yeah wasn't good.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yeah we did not sample that swirly partially melted mess.
Yes.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): got a question during the discussion.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): period at the end good Lord text messages.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Sorry i've got like eight all at once.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): They I think it was it was josh asked if.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): about the contact between medallia and a mcfaul about whether or not it was actually in that josie leg was actually in what alley or in a mcfaul so.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I mean heck we're just based basing it off the current map.
Harold Stowell: Well, we base it yeah that's right, but if you base it on you know, on Clinton jim's interpretation, there is no boundary.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): yep yep.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): And that kind of got into that discussion and then after apparently both the he and both josh and.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Dane thought they had offended me but that question.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Because they asked it for me as like.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): No i'm not offended I mean people are opinionated about these things, not a big deal.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): I am not into this understanding the complete stratigraphy of those two units, whether or not they're two separate units or not.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): So.
Harold Stowell: Well i'm glad somebody is but i'm not.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Sure yeah yeah.
Harold Stowell: yeah you know I mean I think it's a valuable endeavor to try to sort that out, but.
Harold Stowell: yeah.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Anyway, you missed that I mean it was fine, no, no words flew across the street or anything it wasn't.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): A fight it was just people just talking about it, and apparently they thought I was offended if I got an email from Dana and that a text from josh and i'm like I have a thicker skin than that.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): it's To be honest, I didn't even feel like much of in quotes a Punch it's just.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): A passing question.
Harold Stowell: Right so is josh still working away on the hog mountain or what's he doing.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): He sent me a photo from the top of it, so I guess they're either still drilling holes.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): or he just likes to spend his days off on top of that mountain.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): No.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): i'm not sure where they're at in that process.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Right, he might join today's what he said he got a chance to.
Harold Stowell: well.
Harold Stowell: i'll leave this on for a while i'm not going to sign off immediately, but.
Harold Stowell: Night not a great deal of reason to hang out, I think.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): Okay well i'm going to log off it's five minutes till food time here so.
Harold Stowell: already enjoy.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): It will do have a good Saturday it's nice weather out there.
Harold Stowell: I don't know i'm in the office.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): word for word it's Nice.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): looks like it, the picture behind you actually.
Harold Stowell: yeah sure.
Elizabeth Bollen (she/her): See you.
RISE GSA William: Hello harrell.