INNOVATIVE SURFACE MINE RECLAMATION IN WASHINGTON STATE

Surface mines in Washington State must comply with state law, in accordance with local zoning regulations, to reclaim the site after mining completion. Per the law, the objective of reclamation is to reestablish stable slopes, vegetative cover, and appropriate drainage that is suitable to the proposed subsequent use. Innovative reclamation beyond the minimum standards set by law is encouraged and facilitated by the Surface Mine Reclamation Program (SMRP). Some former surface mines with an intended final use of natural area may also require creative strategies for encouraging revegetation or to improve habitat. A former gravel pit on Maury Island, acquired by King County, required reclamation and provided a test-piece for collaboration between SMRP, King County, and the Puget Sound Corp, a volunteer group comprised of local young adults and veterans. Reclamation goals included removing invasive weeds and establishing a wide range of native vegetation, further building on efforts of other regional volunteers. Another site, a former quarry on Lummi Island, required reclamation after the property was placed in receivership. The new owners, in cooperation with various partnerships and the SMRP, reclaimed the site to improve shoreline habitat and provide recreation opportunities. Ongoing work includes innovative techniques for revegetation because of a lack of topsoil preserved onsite. Some active mines work with the SMRP to reclaim portions of their site even before mining completion, resulting in productive use of mined-out areas or fulfilling recreational and educational objectives. Reclamation of surface mines, besides being required by law, facilitates a site’s future use and limits environmental impacts. Innovative methods and reclamation plans support responsible resource use in the state.